Swimming at the Friendship Games took place at the Swimming Pool at the Olimpiysky Sports Complex in Moscow, Soviet Union between 19 August and 25 August 1984. 29 events (15 men's and 14 women's) were contested.
| 100 m freestyle | 50.26 | 50.39 | 50.58 | ||||
| 200 m freestyle | 1:49.83 | 1:50.33 | 1:51.09 | ||||
| 400 m freestyle | 3:49.27 | 3:50.98 | 3:53.34 | ||||
| 1500 m freestyle | 15:03.51 | 15:11.14 | 15:25.56 | ||||
| 100 m backstroke | 55.67 | 55.88 | 56.39 | ||||
| 200 metre backstroke | 1:58.41 (WR) | 1:59.54 | 2:00.30 | ||||
| 100 metre breaststroke | 1:03.72 | 1:03.87 | 1:05.16 | ||||
| 200 metre breaststroke | 2:15.70 | 2:16.97 | 2:21.19 | ||||
| 100 metre butterfly | 54.26 | 55.08 | 55.17 | ||||
| 200 metre butterfly | 1:58.83 | 1:59.52 | 2:00.34 | ||||
| 200 metre individual medley | 2:02.51 | 2:03.33 | 2:03.35 | ||||
| 400 metre individual medley | 4:18.29 | 4:25.19 | 4:26.29 | ||||
| 4×100 m freestyle relay | Sergey Smiriagin Sergey Kurbatov Sergey Krasyuk Aleksey Markovsky | 3:20.19 | Dirk Richter Rene Wanzlik Sven Lodziewski Reiner Sternal | 3:22.92 | Jarmil Proněk Petr Kladiva Josef Hladký Marcel Géry | 3:27.31 | |
| 4×200 m freestyle relay | Dirk Richter Steffen Liess Reiner Sternal Sven Lodziewski | 7:20.78 | 7:22.31 | 7:24.78 | |||
| 4×100 m medley relay | 3:42.15 | Dirk Richter Sigurd Hanke Tino Ott Sven Lodziewski | 3:43.23 | 3:43.25 |
| 100 m freestyle | 55.75 | 55.79 | 56.53 | ||||
| 200 m freestyle | 1:59.48 | 2:00.15 | 2:00.47 | ||||
| 400 m freestyle | 4:07.66 | 4:09.70 | 4:16.21 | ||||
| 800 m freestyle | 8:24.95 | 8:33.47 | 8:39.57 | ||||
| 100 m backstroke | 1:00.99 | 1:02.02 | 1:03.67 | ||||
| 200 m backstroke | 2:12.56 | 2:13.31 | 2:15.16 | ||||
| 100 m breaststroke | 1:08.29 (WR) | 1:08.59 | 1:09.63 | ||||
| 200 metre breaststroke | 2:29.13 | 2:29.62 | 2:32.36 | ||||
| 100 metre butterfly | 59.41 | 1:00.09 | 1:01.33 | ||||
| 200 m butterfly | 2:09.96 | 2:11.76 | 2:12.41 | ||||
| 200 m individual medley | 2:11.79 | 2:14.56 | 2:15.40 | ||||
| 400 m individual medley | 4:43.78 | 4:49.49 | 4:52.35 | ||||
| 4×100 m freestyle relay | Kristin Otto Caren König Heike Friedrich Birgit Meineke | 3:42.41 (WR) | Svitlana Kopchykova Svetlana Didienko Tatyana Kurnikova Yelena Dendeberova | 3:44.31 | Edit Ormos Katalin Nagy Ágnes Fodor Andrea Orosz | 3:55.42 | |
| 4×100 m medley relay | Ina Kleber Sylvia Gerasch Ines Geißler Birgit Meineke | 4:03.69 (WR) | Viktoriya Klochko Larisa Byelokon Tatyana Kurnikova Svitlana Kopchykova | 4:08.13 | Bistra Gospodinova Tanya Bogomilova Radosveta Pironkova Vanja Argirova | 4:16.74 |
Five new world records were set.
| Event | Name | Nationality | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| align=left | Women's 100 m backstroke | 1:00.59 | |||
| align=left | Women's 100 m breaststroke | 1:08.29 | |||
| align=left | Women's 4×100 m freestyle relay | Kristin Otto Caren König Heike Friedrich Birgit Meineke | 3:42.41 | ||
| align=left | Women's 4×100 m medley relay | 4:03.69 |