The swimming competition at the 1977 Summer Universiade took place in Sofia, Bulgaria.[1]
| 100 m freestyle | 52.05 | 52.12 | 52.27 | ||||
| 400 m freestyle | 4:02.17 | 4:03.78 | 4:03.93 | ||||
| 1500 m freestyle | 15:46.94 | 15:59.80 | 16:10.87 | ||||
| 100 m backstroke | 58.45 | 58.75 | 58.79 | ||||
| 200 m backstroke | 2:05.60 | 2:06.52 | 2:07.67 | ||||
| 100 m breaststroke | 1:05.17 | 1:06.04 | 1:06.34 | ||||
| 200 m breaststroke | 2:23.43 | 2:24.10 | 2:24.73 | ||||
| 100 m butterfly | 55.58 | 57.05 | 57.12 | ||||
| 200 m butterfly | 2:02.81 | 2:03.73 | 2:05.24 | ||||
| 400 m individual medley | 4:32.91 | 4:34.19 | 4:35.30 | ||||
| 4×100 m freestyle relay | 3:31.49 | 3:31.75 | 3:33.24 | ||||
| 4×200 m freestyle relay | 7:41.20 | 7:42.55 | 7:48.27 | ||||
| 4×100 m medley relay | 3:51.67 | 3:53.67 | 3:54.34 | ||||
| 100 m freestyle | 57.80 | 58.93 | 59.05 | ||||
| 400 m freestyle | 4:16.50 | 4:24.04 | 4:27.75 | ||||
| 100 m backstroke | 1:06.68 | 1:07.25 | 1:08.54 | ||||
| 100 m breaststroke | 1:15.60 | 1:16.66 | 1:16.83 | ||||
| 200 m breaststroke | 2:43.7 | 2:44.60 | 2:44.69 | ||||
| 100 m butterfly | 1:03.63 | 1:03.84 | 1:04.61 | ||||
| 200 m individual medley | 2:20.66 | 2:23.82 | 2:27.22 | ||||
| 4×100 m freestyle relay | 3:53.70 | 4:01.02 | 4:03.23 | ||||
| 4×100 m medley relay | 4:29.78 | 4:31.27 | 4:46.63 | ||||