| Svatava | |
| Name Other: | Zwota |
| Source1 Location: | Schöneck, Ore Mountains |
| Mouth Location: | Ohře |
| Mouth Coordinates: | 50.1831°N 12.6406°W |
| Subdivision Type1: | Countries |
| Subdivision Type2: | Regions/ States |
| Length Km: | 41.0 |
| Discharge1 Avg: | 4.5m3/s near estuary |
| Basin Size Km2: | 297.5 |
The Svatava (de|Zwota) is a river in the Czech Republic and Germany. It flows through Saxony in Germany and through the Karlovy Vary Region. It is a left tributary of the Ohře River. It is 41km (25miles) long.
The name is derived from the Czech word svatá, i.e. 'saint'. The name first appeared in Latin texts from 1181 and 1184 as Zuata and Znata, but Znata is considered a typo. The settlements Svatava and Zwota were named after the river.[1]
The Svatava (as Zwota) originates in the territory of Markneukirchen in the Ore Mountains at an elevation of ; however, the Zwotawasser stream, which originates in the territory of Schöneck at an elevation of is usually referred to as the main source of the river.[2] The Svatava then flows to Sokolov, where it merges with the Ohře River at an elevation of . It is 41km (25miles) long, of which 28.8km (17.9miles) is in the Czech Republic, 1.5km (00.9miles) forms the Czech-German border and 10.7km (06.6miles) is in Germany. Its drainage basin has an area of 297.5km2, of which 239.8km2 is in the Czech Republic.[3] [2]
The longest tributaries of the Svatava are:[4]
| Tributary | Length (km) | Side | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rotava | 15.6 | left | |
| Stříbrný potok | 12.3 | left | |
| Lomnický potok | 9.5 | left | |
| Radvanovský potok | 7.7 | right | |
| 7.4 | left |
The river flows through the Ore Mountains, only the last of the river are located in the Sokolov Basin. The most notable settlement on the river is the town of Sokolov. The river flows through the municipal territories of Schöneck (as Zwotawasser) and Klingenthal in Germany and then continues in the Czech Republic through Kraslice, Rotava, Oloví, Dolní Nivy, Krajková, Josefov, Svatava and Sokolov.
There are 196 bodies of water in the basin area, but none of them is notable. The largest of them is the fishpond Přebuz with an area of .[3]
The occurrence of 20 species of fish and one species of lamprey was proven in the river; 11 species of fish were observed in the upper course and 17 species in the lower course. Of the endangered species, the most significant is the occurrence of the brook lamprey, the common minnow and the European bullhead. On the lower course of the Svatava, ide and burbot also occurred.[5]
The Svatava is suitable for river tourism. About of the river is navigable. Although it is a relatively fast river, it is not too difficult for paddlers.[6]