Suzuka International Racing Course Explained

Suzuka International Racing Course
Location:Suzuka, Mie Prefecture, Japan
Fiagrade:1
Owner:Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
Operator:Honda Mobilityland
Architect:John Hugenholtz[1] [2] [3] [4]
Events:Current:
Formula One
Japanese Grand Prix (1987–2006, 2009–2019, 2022–present)
FIM EWC
Suzuka 8 Hours (1978–2019, 2022–present)
GT World Challenge Asia (2017–2019, 2022–2024)
Super GT (1993, 1995–present)
Super Formula (1973–present)
Future:
Suzuka 1000 km (1966–1973, 1980–2019, 2025)
Former:
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix (1987–1998, 2000–2003)
WTCR Race of Japan
(2011–2014, 2018–2019)
FIA GT (1997–1998)
NASCAR Thunder Special Suzuka (1996–1997)
World Sportscar Championship (1989–1992)
Capacity:155,000
Layout1:Grand Prix Circuit (2003–present)
Length Km:5.807
Length Mi:3.608
Turns:18
Record Time:1:30.983
Record Driver: Lewis Hamilton
Record Car:Mercedes W10
Record Year:2019
Record Class:F1
Layout2:Motorcycle Grand Prix Circuit (2004–present)
Length Km2:5.821
Length Mi2:3.618
Turns2:17
Record Time2:2:04.387
Record Driver2: Takumi Takahashi
Record Car2:Honda CBR1000RR
Record Year2:2019
Record Class2:SBK
Layout3:East Circuit (1987–present)
Length Km3:2.243
Length Mi3:1.394
Turns3:7
Record Time3:0:48.245
Record Driver3: Toshihiro Kaneishi
Record Car3:Dallara F399
Record Year3:1999
Record Class3:F3
Layout4:West Circuit (1987–present)
Length Km4:3.466
Length Mi4:2.154
Turns4:9
Record Time4:0:58.396
Record Driver4: Toranosuke Takagi
Record Car4:Reynard 2KL
Record Year4:2000
Record Class4:Formula Nippon
Layout5:Motorcycle Grand Prix Circuit (2003)
Length Km5:5.824
Length Mi5:3.619
Turns5:17
Record Time5:2:04.970
Record Driver5: Valentino Rossi
Record Car5:Honda RC211V
Record Year5:2003
Record Class5:MotoGP
Layout6:Grand Prix Circuit (2002)
Length Km6:5.821
Length Mi6:3.617
Turns6:18
Record Time6:1:36.125
Record Driver6: Michael Schumacher
Record Car6:Ferrari F2002
Record Year6:2002
Record Class6:F1
Layout7:Grand Prix Circuit (1987–2001)
Length Km7:5.860
Length Mi7:3.641
Turns7:18
Record Time7:1:36.944
Record Driver7: Ralf Schumacher
Record Car7:Williams FW23
Record Year7:2001
Record Class7:F1
Layout8:Grand Prix Circuit (1983–1986)
Length Km8:5.945
Length Mi8:3.694
Turns8:17
Record Time8:1:54.400
Record Driver8: Stefan Johansson
Record Car8:March 842
Record Year8:1984
Record Class8:F2
Layout9:Original Circuit (1962–1982)
Length Km9:6.004
Length Mi9:3.728
Turns9:17
Record Time9:1:52.990
Record Driver9: Kazuyoshi Hoshino
Record Car9:March 802
Record Year9:1980
Record Class9:F2

The, a.k.a, is a long motorsport race track located in Ino, Suzuka City, Mie Prefecture, Japan and operated by Honda Mobilityland, a subsidiary of Honda Motor Co, Ltd. It has a capacity of 155,000.

Introduction

Soichiro Honda decided to develop a new permanent circuit in Mie prefecture in the late 1950s. Designed as a Honda test track in 1962 by Dutchman John "Hans" Hugenholtz, the most iconic feature of the track is its "figure eight" layout, with the long back straight passing over the front section by means of an overpass. It is the only FIA Grade 1 licensed track to have a "figure eight" layout, after the Fiorano Circuit was downgraded to Grade 2 in 2024.

The circuit has been modified at least eight times:

In 1983 a chicane was inserted at the last curve to slow the cars into the pit straight; the original circuit was an incredibly fast track with only one slow corner; without the Casio chicane some cars would go through the final long right-hand corner flat out and then would go past the pits at more than . In 1984 the first part of Spoon was made slightly slower and the corner was brought closer to the track to expand run-off area there, and in 1985 the first corner was made slightly slower.

In 1987 the circuit was brought up to F1 and Grand Prix motorcycle standards for both Japanese Grands Prix of their respective championships, the F1 Grand Prix being the first held at Suzuka. The Degner curve was made into two corners instead of one long curve, and more crash barriers, more run-off areas were added, exposed vegetation was barricaded off and straw bales were removed (but still used for the Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix).

In 2002, the chicane was slightly modified, 130R (marked as 15 on the diagram) was also modified and some of the snake curves were made a bit straighter and faster; additionally, the runoff area at the Dunlop Curve was doubled from 12 metres to 25 metres, and the corner itself was made slightly tighter.

In 2003, the chicane was made slightly faster and closer to the 130R.[5]

Following the death of Daijiro Kato at the 2003 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix, Suzuka reconfigured the motorcycle variant of what is now known as the Hitachi Automotive Systems Chicane before the final turn, and added a second chicane, between the hairpin and 200R.[6]

The circuit can be used in five configurations; the car full circuit, the motorcycle full circuit, the "Suzuka east," "Suzuka west car," and "Suzuka west motorcycle" configurations. The "east" portion of the course consists of the pit straight to the first half of the Dunlop curve (turn seven), before leading back to the pit straight via a tight right-hander. The "west" course is made up of the other part of the full circuit, including the crossover bridge; the straight leading to the overpass is used for the start/finish line and the grid. The chicane between the hairpin and 200R separates the west and full course sections between cars and motorcycles.

The Degner curve was named in honour of Ernst Degner after he crashed his factory Suzuki 50 there during Suzuka's inaugural All Japan Championship Road Race meeting on 3 November 1962.

The hairpin (turn 11) was coined 'Kobayashi Corner' after Japanese driver Kamui Kobayashi passed five drivers with aggressive moves at the 2010 Japanese Grand Prix.

At the 2014 Japanese Grand Prix, F1 driver Jules Bianchi suffered serious injuries after colliding with a recovery vehicle, and died in hospital as a result nine months later. In the wake of the accident, the Dunlop corner was slightly changed and revised in safety standards, and the organisers of the Japanese Grand Prix installed a large crane in place of the tractor that Bianchi hit.[7]

Motorsport events

Suzuka, openly touted by F1 drivers and fans as one of the most enjoyed, is also one of the oldest remaining tracks of the Formula One World Championship, and has a long history of races as venue of the Japanese Grand Prix since 1987.[8] Its traditional role as one of the last Grands Prix of the season means numerous world championships have been decided at the track. Four years consecutively in its early history the circuit saw the world championship decided. These include the 1988 championship, which went to Ayrton Senna, the controversial 1989 championship, which went to Alain Prost, and the 1990 and 1991 world championships, which both went to Senna.

Suzuka was dropped from the Formula One calendar for the and seasons in favour of the Toyota-owned Fuji Speedway, after the latter underwent a transformation and redesign by circuit designer Hermann Tilke. Suzuka and Fuji were to alternate hosting the Japanese Grand Prix from 2009. However, after Fuji announced in July 2009 that it would no longer be part of the F1 calendar,[9] [10] Suzuka signed a deal to host the Japanese Grand Prix in, and .[11]

The circuit closed for a year for renovations to make it F1-compliant for 2009, with the last major event held on November 18, 2007,[12] although some annual events (for instance, the Suzuka 8 Hours and Suzuka 1000 km) were still held. The track held a re-opening day on April 12, 2009.

Suzuka also hosts other motorsport events including the Suzuka 1000 km endurance race. Previously a part of multiple GT racing series including the now defunct group C class of the All Japan Sports Prototype Championship, the Suzuka 1000 km as of 2006 is now a points round of the Super GT Series, and is the only race of such length in that series. In 2010, the GT500 pole position time was 1:55.237. In 2007, the GT300 pole position time was 2:06.838.Another major motorsport event is the Suzuka 8 Hours for motorcycles, which has been run since 1978. This event usually attracts big name riders and with the exception of 2005, due to the importance of the major manufacturers' involvement, the FIM ensures that no motorcycle races clash on the date.

NASCAR organized the NASCAR Thunder 100, a pair of exhibition 100-lap races on the east circuit, a layout which utilizes the pit straight and esses, before rejoining the main circuit near the Casio triangle. The cars were Sprint Cup Series and Camping World West Series cars and the field was by invitation for the two races, run after the 1996 and 1997 seasons. The 1996 event was marred by tragedy when during practice, pace car driver Elmo Langley died of a heart attack in the Chevrolet Corvette pace car at the esses during an evaluation run. The pole position speed was .[13] During qualifying for the 1997 race, rain caused Goodyear to use rain tires on Winston Cup cars for the first time in the modern era.

It was announced on June 21, 2010, that the east section of the Suzuka Circuit would host the Japan round of the 2011 WTCC season instead of the Okayama International Circuit.[14] At the 2012 event, the pole position time was 52.885 seconds, for an average speed of .[15]

130R corner

Following two major accidents in 2002 and 2003, one of the main issues in safety has been at the corner 130R (marked 15 in the track map above). In 2002, Toyota F1 driver Allan McNish suffered a high-speed crash through the bump, which sent him through a metal fence; he was not seriously injured.[16]

Track officials revised the 130R, redesigning it as a double-apex section, one with an radius, and then a second featuring a radius, leading to a much closer Casio triangle (chicane), with the chicane becoming a "bus stop" type for motorcycles.

However, the problem continued for the new revised section. During the 2003 MotoGP Grand Prix of Japan, the track's first major event since the revisions, MotoGP rider Daijiro Kato was killed when he crashed in the new section, on his way to the braking zone for the Casio triangle. MotoGP has not returned to Suzuka since the incident.

Events

Current
Future
Former

Lap records

The official lap record for the current circuit layout is 1:30.983, set by Lewis Hamilton during the 2019 Japanese Grand Prix. The unofficial all-time track record is 1:27.064, set by Sebastian Vettel during the qualifying for the aforementioned 2019 race.[17]

As of July 2024, the fastest official race lap records at the Suzuka Circuit are listed as:[18]

CategoryTimeDriverVehicleEvent
Grand Prix Circuit: 5.807 km (2003–present)
1:30.983 2019 Japanese Grand Prix
1:37.850[19] 2020 1st Suzuka Super Formula Championship round
1:42.781[20] 2012 1st Suzuka Formula Nippon round
1:48.055[21] 2022 Suzuka GT 300 km Race
1:50.714[22] 2020 Suzuka Super Formula Lights round
1:52.116[23] 2017 1st Suzuka Japanese F3 round
1:58.708[24] 2024 Suzuka FRJC round
1:59.252[25] 2018 Suzuka Suzuka GT 300 km Race
2:01.491[26] 2024 Suzuka GT World Challenge Asia round
2:03.171[27] 2018 Suzuka Lamborghini Super Trofeo Asia round
2:03.873[28] 2023 1st Suzuka Porsche Carrera Cup Japan round
2:06.738[29] 2009 300 km of Suzuka
2:07.387[30] 2004 1st Suzuka Formula Toyota round
2:07.694[31] 2024 1st Suzuka Ferrari Challenge Japan round
2:08.297[32] 2020 Suzuka Japanese F4 round
2:09.063[33] 2014 FIA WTCC Race of Japan
2:11.509[34] 2020 Suzuka TCR Japan round
2:13.700[35] 2024 Suzuka Japan Cup round
2:14.392 2014 FIA WTCC Race of Japan
Motorcycle Grand Prix Circuit: 5.821 km (2004–present)
2:04.387[36] 2019 1st Suzuka All Japan Road Race Championship round
2:06.805[37] 2019 Suzuka 8 Hours
2:11.294[38] 2020 Suzuka All Japan Road Race Championship round
2:17.182[39] 2022 2nd Suzuka All Japan Road Race Championship round
2:27.872[40] 2018 Suzuka Asia Road Racing Championship round
2:37.852[41] 2019 Suzuka Asia Road Racing Championship round
East Circuit: 2.243 km (1987–present)
0:48.245[42] 1999 3rd Suzuka Japanese F3 round
0:51.049[43] 2004 2nd Suzuka Formula Toyota round
0:53.885 2012 FIA WTCC Race of Japan
0:53.888[44] 2019 WTCR Race of Japan
West Circuit: 3.466 km (1987–present)
0:58.396[45] 2000 2nd Suzuka Formula Nippon round
1:03.635[46] 2001 2nd Suzuka Japanese F3 round
Motorcycle Grand Prix Circuit: 5.824 km (2003)
2:04.970 2003 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
2:08.679[47] 2003 2nd Suzuka All Japan Road Race Championship round
2:09.839
2:14.282 2003 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
2:14.479[48] 2003 2nd Suzuka All Japan Road Race Championship round
Grand Prix Circuit: 5.821 km (2002)
1:36.125 2002 Japanese Grand Prix
1:54.168[49] 2002 Suzuka 1000km
1:58.531[50]
1:59.888[51] 2002 1st Suzuka Japanese F3 round
2:09.060
2:14.517
2:19.105 2002 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
2:25.896 2002 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
2:30.798 2002 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
Grand Prix Circuit: 5.860 km (1987–2001)
1:36.944 2001 Japanese Grand Prix
1:44.258[52] 1995 Suzuka Japanese F3000 round
1:46.278[53] 1996 Suzuka Formula Nippon round
1:49.148[54]
1:54.899[55] 1992 1000 km of Suzuka
1:55.474[56] 1993 1000 km of Suzuka
1:56.416[57] 1998 Suzuka 1000km
1:58.512[58]
2:03.684[59]
2:03.886[60]
2:06.641 1992 1000 km of Suzuka
2:06.746 1998 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
2:07.116[61]
2:07.322[62] 1997 300 km Suzuka
2:07.876[63]
2:08.581 2000 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
2:09.200[64] 2001 Suzuka Formula Toyota round
2:13.558[65] 2000 300 km of Suzuka
2:15.353
2:16.068
2:16.177[66] 1991 Suzuka JTCC round
2:20.848 1993 1000 km of Suzuka
2:22.853 1993 1000 km of Suzuka
2:31.803 1993 1000 km of Suzuka
Grand Prix Circuit: 5.945 km (1983–1986)
1:54.400[67] 1984 JAF Grand Prix
1:56.486[68] 1986 International Suzuka 1000 km
Original Grand Prix Circuit without Final Chicane: 6.004 km (1962–1982)
1:52.990[69] [70] 1980 JAF Grand Prix
1981 1st Suzuka Japanese F2 round
2:01.160[71] Fumiyasu Sato[72] 1979 Suzuka 500 mile
2:08.040[73]
2:31.000[74] 1970 300 km of Suzuka
2:59.400[75] 1965 2nd Suzuka Clubman Race Meeting

In video games

Along with Fuji Speedway, the Suzuka Circuit was one of the four tracks featured in the video game Pole Position II. The track is referred to in the Namco Museum versions of the game as the "Wonder Circuit" ("Orange Circuit" in Namco Museum: Virtual Arcade), after Namco's "Wonder" series of amusement parks, despite its logo appearing on the starter's box since 1983.

The Suzuka Circuit is also featured in the Final Lap series of games which first appeared in 1987. Another Namco racing game, Suzuka 8 Hours, based on the motorcycle race of the same name was released for arcades in 1992, followed by a port for the Super NES in 1993. It can also be seen in arcade games and video games such as Ferrari F355 Challenge, Super Monaco GP, Forza series, Gran Turismo series, RaceRoom, iRacing, , Shift 2 Unleashed, Le Mans 24 Hours, The Cycles, MotoGP 3 of PlayStation 2, MotoGP 4, Tourist Trophy, Auto Modellista, Racing Battle: C1 Grand Prix, Real Racing 3, and as the final race in Taito's racing game Continental Circus. The east course was featured in NASCAR 98. Suzuka's Ferris wheel was paid homage in the "Big Forest Track" in Virtua Racing. A mod for Mario Kart Wii, CTGP Revolution, exists that adds the track.

Project CARS and Project CARS 2 have a Japanese circuit inspired by Suzuka, called Sakitto Circuit. Sakitto has numerous visual differences from the original Suzuka, including the change of position of the Ferris wheel near to Degner curves, as well as the absence of the Casio triangle and the hairpin, a very modified esses section, and a road pass through the real life location of the Ferris wheel.

Deaths

See main article: List of Suzuka Circuit fatal accidents.

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 日本GPプレビュー (2006 Japanese Grand Prix preview). Honda. Motor Co., Ltd.. 2016-04-16. ja.
  2. Web site: マイ・ワンダフルサーキット 第28回 (My Wonderful Circuit 28) . Hiroaki Iemura. Honda. Motor Co., Ltd.. 2016-04-16. ja.
  3. Web site: マイ・ワンダフルサーキットII 第5回 (My Wonderful Circuit II 5). Hiroaki Iemura. Stinger. 2016-04-16. ja. 2016-06-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20160602104629/http://www.f1-stinger.com/special/mwc/chapter02/talk05/. dead.
  4. Web site: マイ・ワンダフルサーキットII 第6回 (My Wonderful Circuit II 6). Hiroaki Iemura. Stinger. 2016-04-16. ja. 2016-06-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20160602104634/http://www.f1-stinger.com/special/mwc/chapter02/talk06/. dead.
  5. News: Suzuka: new chicane and 130R. 2 February 2003. 21 September 2011. etracksonline.co.uk. e-Tracks. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110317034906/http://www.etracksonline.co.uk/News/stories/news_id091.html. 17 March 2011.
  6. News: Suzuka Begins Latest Phase of Modifications. 2 February 2004. 25 July 2015. motogp.com. Dorna.
  7. Web site: Suzuka installs larger crane for 2015. GPUpdate.net. 27 September 2015.
  8. Web site: Formula 1 - SUZUKA CIRCUIT . suzukacircuit.jp . 2018-10-13.
  9. Web site: The Official Formula 1 Website . Formula1.com . 2007-09-08 . 2012-10-06.
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  12. Bradley . Charles . August 2007 . Suzuka to close for a year . Autosport . 189 . 6 . 11 .
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  14. Web site: FIA WTCC TO RACE AT SUZUKA IN 2011 . fiawtcc.com . 2010-06-21 . 2010-07-20.
  15. News: Mills. Peter. Alain Menu claims pole as Chevrolet seals title. Autosport. Haymarket Publications. 20 October 2012. 20 October 2012.
  16. Web site: 2011-01-30 . McNish ruled out of Japanese GP : allanmcnish.com . 2024-04-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110130040749/http://allanmcnish.com/blog/2002/10/mcnish-ruled-out-of-japanese-gp.asp . 2011-01-30 .
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  32. Web site: 2020 Autobacs Super GT Round 6 F4 Race 1 Final Results . 24 October 2020 . 6 April 2024.
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  41. Web site: 2019 Asia Road Racing Championship Round 4 - Suzuka International Circuit, Japan Underbone 150cc - Race 1 Result . 29 June 2019 . 29 October 2022.
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  46. Web site: 2001 Suzuka Japanese F3 - Round 11 . . 1 July 2001 . 20 May 2022.
  47. Web site: Suzuka Super Bike 200km 2003 R2-1 MFJ All Japan Road Race Championship Series Round 4 Final Results JSB1000 . 25 May 2003 . 20 August 2023.
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  75. Web site: Clubman Suzuka [GT-I] 1965 ]. 30 May 1965 . 29 May 2022.