Surface energy transfer explained
Surface energy transfer (SET) is a dipole-surface energy transfer process involving a metallic surface and a molecular dipole.[1]
Formula
The SET rate follows the inverse of the fourth power of the distance[2]
where
- is the donor emission lifetime;
- is the distance between donor-acceptor;
- is the distance at which SET efficiency decreases to 50% (i.e., equal probability of energy transfer and spontaneous emission).
Efficiency
The energy transfer efficiency also follows a similar form
})^}
Due to the fourth power dependence SET can cover a distance more than 15 nm, which is almost twice the efficiency of FRET.[3] Theoretically predicted in 1978 by Chance et al. it was proved experimentally in 2000s by different workers.[4]
Applications
The efficiency of SET as nanoruler has been used in live cells.[5]
Gold nano particles are frequently used in these studies as the nanoparticle surface.
See also
Notes and References
- Christopher J. Breshike . Ryan A. Riskowski . Geoffrey F. Strouse. amp. Leaving Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Behind: Nanometal Surface Energy Transfer Predicts the Size-Enhanced Energy Coupling between a Metal Nanoparticle and an Emitting Dipole. J. Phys. Chem. C. 2013. 117. 45. 23942–23949. 10.1021/jp407259r.
- C. S. Yun. etal. Nanometal Surface Energy Transfer in Optical Rulers, Breaking the FRET Barrier. J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 2005. 127. 9. 3115–3119. 10.1021/ja043940i. 15740151.
- T. L. Jennings . M. P. Singh . G. F. Strouse. amp. Fluorescent Lifetime Quenching near d = 1.5 nm Gold Nanoparticles: Probing NSET Validity. J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 2006. 128. 16. 5462–5467. 10.1021/ja0583665. 16620118.
- R. Chance. A. Prock. R. Silbey. amp. Molecular Fluorescence and Energy Transfer Near Interfaces. Adv. Chem. Phys.. Advances in Chemical Physics . 1978. 60. 1. 10.1002/9780470142561.ch1. 978-0-471-03459-9 .
- Yan Chen. etal. A Surface Energy Transfer Nanoruler for Measuring Binding Site Distances on Live Cell Surfaces. J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 2010. 132. 46. 16559–16570. 10.1021/ja106360v. 21038856. 3059229.