Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation explained

Court Name:Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation
Established:1825
Location:Pino Suárez no. 2, Colonia Centro, Delegación Cuauhtémoc, C.P. 06065, Mexico City
Type:Supreme Court
Authority:Constitution of Mexico
Terms:15 years
Positions:11
Website:https://www.scjn.gob.mx/
Chiefjudgetitle:President
Chiefjudgename:Norma Lucía Piña Hernández
Termstart:2 January 2023

The Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation (Spanish; Castilian: Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación, SCJN) is the Mexican institution serving as the country's federal high court and the spearhead organisation for the judiciary of the Mexican Federal Government. It consists of eleven magistrates, known as ministers of the court, one of whom is designated the court's president.

Judges of the SCJN are appointed for 15 years.[1] They are ratified through affirmation by the Senate from a list proposed by the President of the Republic. The ministers chosen will select from among themselves who shall be the President of the Court to serve a four-year period; any given minister may serve out more than one term as president, but may not do so consecutively.

Requirements for holding a seat on the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation

The Constitution requires that the appointment of ministers of the court should fall to those persons who have served ably, effectively and honorably in the administration of justice, or to those who have distinguished themselves by their honor, competence and professional background in the exercise of their duties.

Ministers may take leave of their posts for three reasons:

Supreme Court building

The court itself is located just off the main plaza of Mexico City on the corners of Pino Suarez and Carranza Streets. It was built between 1935 and 1941 by Mexican architect Antonio Muñoz Garcia.[2] Prior to the Conquest, this site was reserved for the ritual known as Dance of the Flyers which is still practiced today in Papantla. Hernán Cortés claimed the property after the Conquest and its ownership was in dispute during much of the colonial period with Cortes' heirs, the city government, and the Royal and Pontifical University all claiming rights. It was also the site of a very large market known as El Volador.[3]

Within the building, there are four flanks painted in 1941 by José Clemente Orozco, two of which are named The Social Labor Movement and Commonwealth. There is also a mural done by American artist George Biddle entitled "War and Peace" at the entrance to the law library.[3] The building also contains a mural by Rafael Cauduro, which "graphically illustrates the Gran Guignol of Mexican torture", and includes a depiction of the 1968 Tlatelolco massacre as well as "a cut-away of a prison, perhaps the infamous Lecumberri Black Palace where student leaders who escaped death were jailed."

While this building is still the chief seat for the Supreme Court, an alternative site at Avenida Revolución was opened in 2002.[4]

Current make-up of the Supreme Court

TitleNameBirthAppointerAffirmation by the SenateAge at appt.Elected /
Length of service
President[5]
(age)
7963
Minister[6]
(age)
in Mexico City		9160
Minister[7]
(age)
in Xalapa, Veracruz		9150
Minister[8]
(age)
in Cuernavaca, Morelos		10341
Minister[9]
(age)
in Mexico City		10451
Minister[10]
(age)
in Torreón, Coahuila		8156
Minister[11]
(age)
in Mexico City		11469
Minister[12]
(age)
in Mexico City		9555
Minister[13]
(age)
in Monterrey, Nuevo León		9446
Minister[14]
(age)
in Mexico City		9266
Minister[15]
(age)
in Mexico City		Appointed by the president of Mexico54

Presidents

The following persons were once Presidents of the Supreme Court under the 1917 Constitution:

External links

Notes and References

  1. Article 94 Mexican Constitution
  2. Book: Percy Alvin Martin. Ronald Hilton. Who's who in Latin America: A Biographical Dictionary of Notable Men and Women of Latin America. 1945. Stanford University Press. "building for the nat. supreme court, 1929 (constructed 1935-41).".
  3. Book: Galindo, Carmen . Mexico City Historic Center . Magdalena Galindo . 2002 . Ediciones Nueva Guia . Mexico City . 968-5437-29-7 . 60 .
  4. Web site: ¿Qué es la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación y dónde se ubica? . es . 24 March 2009 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090228154343/http://www.scjn.gob.mx/NR/exeres/BADD8530-3CF9-490B-B310-0550E875EB7D,frameless.htm . 28 February 2009 .
  5. Web site: Norma Lucía Piña Hernández | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  6. Web site: Luis María Aguilar Morales | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  7. Web site: Jorge Mario Pardo Rebolledo | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  8. Web site: Alfredo Gutiérrez Ortiz Mena | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  9. Web site: Alberto Pérez Dayán | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  10. Web site: Javier Laynez Potisek | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  11. Web site: Juan Luis González Alcántara Carrancá | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  12. Web site: Yasmín Esquivel Mossa | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  13. Web site: Ana Margarita Ríos Farjat | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  14. Web site: Loretta Ortiz Ahlf | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .
  15. Web site: Lenia Batres Guadarrama | Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación .

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