Sumuri language should not be confused with Sumerian language.
| Sumuri | |
| Also Known As: | Sumeri |
| Nativename: | Tanah Merah |
| Ethnicity: | Sumuri |
| Region: | Sumuri District, Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua (Bapai Rover and Gondu River areas) |
| Speakers: | 500 |
| Date: | 1978 |
| Ref: | e18 |
| Familycolor: | Papuan |
| Fam1: | Trans–New Guinea or language isolate |
| Iso3: | tcm |
| Glotto: | tana1288 |
| Glottorefname: | Tanahmerah |
| Map: | Sumuri language.svg |
| Mapcaption: | Map: The Sumeri language of New Guinea (located at left, in the Bird's Head) |
Sumuri or Sumeri (one of two Papuan languages also known as Tanah Merah) is a language spoken in Sumuri District, Teluk Bintuni Regency on the Bomberai Peninsula by about a thousand people.
In Sumuri District of Teluk Bintuni Regency, Sumuri people reside in Tofoi (district capital), Materabu Jaya, Forada, Agoda, Saengga, Tanah Merah Baru, Onar Lama, and Onar Baru villages.[1]
In the classifications of Malcolm Ross (2005) and Timothy Usher (2020), Sumeri forms an independent branch of the Trans–New Guinea family, but Palmer (2018) classifies it as a language isolate.[2] It does not fit in with any of the established branches of TNG, but based on what little data there is, it would seem to be closest to either the Berau Gulf branches (i.e. South Bird's Head, West Bomberai etc.) or the Asmat–Mombum languages and their relatives further east.
Sumeri has previously been linked to the Mairasi languages, but those do not share the TNG pronouns of Sumeri. The Sumeri pronouns are:
| sg | pl | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1ex | na-fea | kiria | |
| 1in | kigokomaka | ||
| 2 | ka-fea | ki-fia |
There are no 3rd-person personal pronouns, only demonstratives. The pronouns appear to reflect pTNG *na 1sg, *ga 2sg, and *gi 2pl.
The following basic vocabulary words are from Voorhoeve (1975),[3] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[4]
| gloss | Tanah Merah | |
|---|---|---|
| head | breŋka; kidaso | |
| hair | nisa; nua | |
| eye | ka-bita; ndou | |
| tooth | eti; kioni | |
| leg | kiwi; oto | |
| louse | ia; miŋ | |
| dog | ibe; yoku | |
| pig | opo; tayna | |
| bird | awə; finanaburu | |
| egg | doŋ; no | |
| blood | kinatera; sa | |
| bone | naso; oro | |
| skin | ele; katane | |
| tree | o; ono; taya | |
| man | do; maopa | |
| sun | soniŋ; weti | |
| water | bu; moda | |
| fire | avonabe; siŋ | |
| stone | kenade; oru | |
| name | nigia; wado | |
| eat | anine; taue | |
| one | besika; naduma | |
| two | bi; wanitabo |