Saiful Rijal Explained

Saiful Rijal
Malay: {{Script|Arab|سيف الرجال
Succession:Sultan of Brunei
Reign:1533–1581
Predecessor:Abdul Kahar
Successor:Shah Berunai
Issue-Link:
  1. Personal life
Issue:
Full Name:Saiful Rijal Nurul Alam ibni Abdul Kahar Jalilul Alam
Birth Name:Saiful Rijal ibni Abdul Kahar
Birth Place:Brunei
Death Date:1581
Death Place:Istana Mazagong, Brunei Town, Brunei
Place Of Burial:Kianggeh Muslim Cemetery, Kianggeh, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
Regnal Name:Sultan Saiful Rijal Nurul Alam ibni Al-Marhum Paduka Sri Begawan Sultan Abdul Kahar Jalilul Alam
Father:Sultan Abdul Kahar
Religion:Sunni Islam

Saiful Rijal ibni Abdul Kahar (Jawi: ; died 1581),[1] also spelled Saiful Rehal and Saiful Rizal,[2] was the eighth Sultan of Brunei and reigned from 1533 to 1581. He was succeeded by his eldest son Shah Berunai.

Its as during his reign, when the Castilian War occurred between the empires of the Brunei and Spain. In addition to the Philippines, he was also renowned for spreading Islamic teachings throughout Borneo.[3] According to folk tales about his palace being located on King's Island (Pulau Raja) in Jerudong.[4] The Sultan was also known as Sultan Lixar,[5] and Sultan Nula Alan by the Spaniards.[6]

Reign (1533–1581)

Ascension

Pengiran Muda Saiful Rijal was the eldest son of Sultan Abdul Kahar,[7] therefore making him the successor to the throne after his father's abdication in 1533.[8]

Castilian War

See main article: Castilian War. Exchanges between the Bornean port cities and the Spaniards who had taken control of the Philippine islands by seizing Manila in 1571 and Cebu in 1565. Manila charged Brunei of conducting Muslim missionary activities in the Philippines because of the Spaniards' zealous proselytising efforts to convert the entire archipelago to Christianity. In a letter dated 13 April 1578, to Brunei's Sultan Saiful Rijal, the Spanish Governor of the Philippines, Francisco de Sande, made the following accusation and gave the following order.[9]

Brunei disregarded the order as well as the accusations. In revenge, the Spaniards attacked and took control of Brunei in the same month in 1578.[10] Additionally with the assistance of two defectors, Pengiran Seri Lela and Pengiran Seri Ratna.[11] [12] When the Spaniards captured the capital, he chose to move the country's capital to Saragua, further emphasizing the importance of Sarawak.[13] He also had to retreat to Piragong, in Ulu Sungai Brunei to strengthen the Brunei army.[14] Moreover, to demonstrates the significant impact Brunei had on the nearby areas at the time, the Sultan ordered the reconstruction of their capital city when the Spaniards left Brunei probably in late July 1578.[15]

Death

Sultan Saiful Rijal reportedly became ill near Bintala, but he later reportedly recovered and went back to Brunei. He resided in Istana Mazagong in Sungai Kedayan, where he also passed away in 1581.[16] He is buried at Kianggeh Muslim Cemetery.[17]

Personal life

Sultan Saiful Rijal had the following issue:

Legacy

See also

References

  1. Book: Othman, Mahmud Saedon Awang . A review on the implementation and administration of Islamic law in Brunei Darussalam . 2008 . Islamic Da'wah Centre . 34 . en.
  2. https://books.google.com/books?id=pNo7AAAAIAAJ&q=saiful+rehal Political and Cultural History of the Philippines: Since time began to British Occupation. Written by Eufronio Melo Alip
  3. Book: Borneo Bulletin Brunei Yearbook . 2007 . Brunei Press Sdn. Bhd. in collaboration with Integrated Information Pte. Limited . E-89 . en.
  4. Book: Umar (Haji.) . Awang Mohd Jamil al-Sufri bin Awang . Chatatan sejarah perwira2 dan pembesar2 Brunei . Awang.) . Mohd Jamil Al-Sufri (Pehin Orang Kaya Amar Diraja Dato Seri Utama Haji . 1971 . Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka . 18 . ms.
  5. Book: Saunders, Graham . A History of Brunei . 2013-11-05 . Routledge . 978-1-136-87394-2 . 55 . en.
  6. Book: Awang.), Mohd Jamil Al-Sufri (Pehin Orang Kaya Amar Diraja Dato Seri Utama Haji . Tarsilah Brunei: Zaman kegemilangan dan kemasyhuran . 1997 . Jabatan Pusat Sejarah, Kementerian Kebudayaan Belia dan Sukan . 98 . ms.
  7. Book: Souza . George Bryan . The Boxer Codex: Transcription and Translation of an Illustrated Late Sixteenth-Century Spanish Manuscript Concerning the Geography, History and Ethnography of the Pacific, South-east and East Asia . Turley . Jeffrey Scott . 2015-11-09 . BRILL . 978-90-04-30154-2 . 404 . en.
  8. Book: Bowman, John S. . Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture . 2000-09-05 . Columbia University Press . 978-0-231-50004-3 . 410 . en.
  9. Book: Gin . Ooi Keat . Early Modern Southeast Asia, 1350-1800 . Tuan . Hoang Anh . 2015-10-08 . Routledge . 978-1-317-55919-1 . 94 . en.
  10. Book: Sidhu, Jatswan S. . Historical Dictionary of Brunei Darussalam . 2009-12-22 . Scarecrow Press . 978-0-8108-7078-9 . 212 . en.
  11. Book: Office, Great Britain Colonial . Brunei . 1969 . H.M. Stationery Office . 266 . en.
  12. Foo . Shih Thing . Teo . Shyh Poh . Husaini . Asmah . Venkatasalu . Munikumar Ramasamy . 2020-03-24 . Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Advance Care Planning (ACP) for Primary Care Settings . Aging Medicine and Healthcare . 11 . 1 . 23 . 10.33879/amh.2020.036-1906.012 . 219123040 . 2663-8851. free .
  13. Book: Museum, Sarawak . The Sarawak Museum Journal . 1999 . Sarawak Museum . 218 . en.
  14. Book: Hussein (Datuk) . Ismail . Tamadun Melayu . Deraman . Aziz . Ahmadi . Abd Rahman al . 1989 . Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia . 978-983-62-0958-0 . 232 . ms.
  15. Book: SATO, Tsugitaka . Islamic Urbanism: Political Power and Social Networks . 2012-11-12 . Routledge . 978-1-136-16952-6 . 189 . en.
  16. Book: Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society . 1880 . 10 . en.
  17. Web site: Sejarah Sultan-Sultan Brunei . 3 February 2018 . Hmjubliemas.gov.bn.
  18. Book: Awang.), Mohd Jamil Al-Sufri (Pehin Orang Kaya Amar Diraja Dato Seri Utama Haji . Tarsilah Brunei: sejarah awal dan perkembangan Islam . 1990 . Jabatan Pusat Sejarah, Kementerian Kebudayaan Belia dan Sukan . 46 . 978-99984-52-02-2 . ms.
  19. Book: Brunei, Muzium . Brunei Museum Journal . 1969 . Brunei Museum . 151 . en.
  20. Book: Pusaka: berita Jabatan Pusat Sejarah, Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan Negara Brunei Darussalam . 2015 . Jabatan Pusat Sejarah, Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan Negara Brunei Darussalam . 45 . ms.
  21. Book: Umar (Haji.) . Awang Mohd Jamil al-Sufri bin Awang . Sultan Tengah: sultan Sarawak pertama dan terakhir . Awang.) . Mohd Jamil Al-Sufri (Pehin Orang Kaya Amar Diraja Dato Seri Utama Haji . 1995 . Jabatan Pusat Sejarah, Kementerian Kebudayaan Belia dan Sukan . 4 . ms.
  22. Book: Daulat . 1992 . Jabatan Pusat Sejarah, Kementerian Kebudayaan Belia dan Sukan . 50 . ms.
  23. Book: Chua . Thia-Eng . The Coastal Environmental Profile of Brunei Darussalam: Resource Assessment and Management Issues . Chou . L. M. . Sadorra . Marie Sol M. . 1987 . WorldFish . 978-971-10-2237-2 . 77 . en.

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