Sulfurisphaera Explained

Sulfurisphaera is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.

Description and significance

Sulfurisphaera is a facultatively anaerobic, thermophilic, Gram-negative archaeon that occurs in acidic solfataric fields. The organism grows under the temperature range of 63–92 °C with the optimum temperature at 84 °C, and under the pH range of 1.0–5.0, with an optimum of pH 2.0. It forms colonies that are smooth, roundly convex, and slightly yellow.

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) ^[1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)^[2]

Genome structure

The genome of Sulfurisphaera is yet to be sequenced. The G + C content is estimated to be 30–33%.

Cell structure and metabolism

The spherical cells of Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis are 1.2–1.5 μm in diameter. Thin sections of the organism reveal an envelope (approx. 24 nm) surrounding the cell membrane. It grows organotrophically on proteinaceous, complex substrates such as yeast extract, peptone, and tryptone. Growth was not observed on single sugars or amino acids such as D-glucose, D-galactose, D-fructose, D-xylose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, alanine, glutamate, glycine, and histidine.

Ecology

The strains of Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis were isolated from multiple locations in the acidic hot springs in Ohwaku Valley, Hakone, Japan.

See also

• List of Archaea genera

Further reading

Scientific journals

• 5 . Kurosawa N . Itoh YH . Iwai T . Sugai A . Uda I . Kimura N . Horiuchi T . Itoh T . 1998 . Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel extremely thermophilic acidophile of the order Sulfolobales . Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. . 48 . 2 . 451–456 . 9731283 . 10.1099/00207713-48-2-451 . free .
• Mikkelsen. Deirdre. Kappler. Ulrike. McEwan. Alastair G.. Sly. Lindsay I.. Probing the archaeal diversity of a mixed thermophilic bioleaching culture by TGGE and FISH. Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 24 February 2009. 32. 7. 501–513. 10.1016/j.syapm.2009.06.001. 19541445.

Scientific books

• Book: Stetter, KO . 1989 . Order III. Sulfolobales ord. nov. Family Sulfolobaceae fam. nov. . Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3 . 1st . JT Staley . MP Bryant . N Pfennig . JG Holt . 169 . The Williams & Wilkins Co. . Baltimore . 0-683-07908-5 .

External links

• Sulfurisphaera at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Notes and References

1. Web site: J.P. Euzéby . Sulfurisphaera . 10 May 2023 . List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN).
2. Web site: Sayers. Sulfurisphaera . 10 May 2023 . National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. etal.
3. Web site: The LTP . 10 May 2023.
4. Web site: LTP_all tree in newick format. 10 May 2023.
5. Web site: LTP_06_2022 Release Notes. 10 May 2023.
6. Web site: GTDB release 08-RS214 . Genome Taxonomy Database. 10 May 2023.
7. Web site: ar53_r214.sp_label . Genome Taxonomy Database. 10 May 2023.
8. Web site: Taxon History . Genome Taxonomy Database. 10 May 2023.