| Suceava County | |
| Native Name: | Județul Suceava |
| Native Name Lang: | ro |
| Settlement Type: | County |
| Map Alt: | Administrative map of Romania with Suceava county highlighted |
| Coordinates: | 47.58°N 25.76°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Romania |
| Subdivision Type1: | Development region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Nord-Est |
| Subdivision Type2: | Historical region |
| Subdivision Name2: | Southern Bukovina |
| Seat Type: | Seat |
| Seat: | Suceava |
| Leader Party: | PLD |
| Leader Title: | President of the County Board |
| Leader Name: | Gheorghe Flutur |
| Leader Title1: | Prefect |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 8,553 |
| Area Rank: | 2nd |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Rank: | 8th |
| Area Code Type: | Telephone code |
| Area Code: | (+40) 230 or (+40) 330[1] |
| Iso Code: | RO-SV |
| Website: | County Council Prefecture |
| Blank1 Name: | GDP (nominal) |
| Blank1 Info: | US$3.188 billion (2015) |
| Blank2 Name: | GDP per capita |
| Blank2 Info: | US$5,022 (2015) |
Suceava County (in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan pronounced as /suˈtʃe̯ava/) is a county (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: județ) of Romania. Most of its territory lies in the southern part of the historical region of Bukovina (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Bucovina), while the remainder forms part of Western Moldavia proper.
The county seat is the historical town of Suceava (German: link=no|Suczawa, also Sotschen or Sutschawa; historically known in Old High German as Sedschopff as well)[2] which was the capital of the Principality of Moldavia during the late Middle Ages and then a pivotal, predominantly German-speaking commercial town of the Habsburgs, Austrian Empire, and Austria-Hungary at the border with the Romanian Old Kingdom (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Vechiul Regat, German: Altreich) throughout the late modern period up until 1918, when, after the end of World War I, the town became part of the enlarged Kingdom of Romania.
Suceava County, as part of the historical and geographical region of Bukovina, had been sometimes described as 'Switzerland of the East'.[3] [4] [5] It has also been known as 'Switzerland of Eastern Europe' in the minds of the educated public.[6]
In 2011, as per the official census conducted that year, Suceava County had a population of 634,810, with a population density of 74/km2. The proportion of each constituent ethnic group is displayed below as follows, according to how they were officially recorded:[7]
In the recent past, during the early 20th century, Suceava County used to be more ethnically heterogenous or mixed (due to the ethnic legacy and heritage of the former Austro-Hungarian times when most of the territory of the county was part of the Duchy of Bukovina), with sizeable minority populations of Germans (more specifically Bukovina Germans, including Zipsers), Jews, Ukrainians, Poles, or Hungarians (more specifically Székelys of Bukovina). These minority communities gradually dwindled throughout much of the 20th century.
In addition, small German minority groups/communities existed (and still exist) on the territory of Suceava County which forms part of Western Moldavia as well, more specifically Regat Germans (German: Regatsdeutsche) inhabiting the small town of Fălticeni (German: Folitscheni) for example.
Nowadays, during the early 21st century, the county is inhabited mostly by Romanians with very few minority ethnic groups, therefore making it very ethnically homogenous. Additionally, the primary language of the majority of the population is Romanian and the main religion is Eastern Orthodoxy represented by the Romanian Orthodox Church.
Two-thirds of the county lies within the southern part of the historical region of Bukovina, while the rest of it incorporates territories from Western Moldavia proper.
In terms of total area, it covers a surface of 8553km², making it thus the second in Romania in this particular regard, just after Timiș County in Banat.
The western side of the county consists of mountains from the Eastern Carpathians group: the Rodna Mountains, the Rarău Mountains, the Giumalău Mountains, and the Ridges of Bukovina, the latter with lower heights.
The county's elevation decreases towards the east, with the lowest height in the Siret River valley. The rivers crossing the county are the Siret River with its tributaries: the Moldova, Suceava, and Bistrița rivers.
The county of Suceava is bordered by the following other territorial units:
The predominant industries/economic sectors in the county are as follows:
Suceava occupies the first place among the Romanian cities with the most commercial spaces per inhabitant.[8] Notable supermarket chains correlated with the aforementioned economic areas: Metro, Carrefour, Auchan, Selgros, Kaufland, and Lidl (some of the biggest supermarket chains in Romania).
In June 2022, it was reported that there are projects worth 1 billion EUR for the Suceava County from the PNRR/Next Generation EU plan by County Council president Gheorghe Flutur, former acting/ad interim president of the National Liberal Party (PNL).[9]
In 2017, Suceava was ranked 3rd in Romania regarding the total tourist accommodation capacity, after Brașov and Constanța counties.[10] Furthermore, one year later in 2018, Suceava County was designated "European destination of excellence" by the European Commission (EC).[11]
The main tourist attractions of the county are:
The elected President of the County Council was Constantin Sofroni (FSN).[12] The Suceava County Council, elected at the 1992 local elections, consisted of 45 councillors, with the following party composition:[13]
| Party | Seats | Current County Council | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Salvation Front (FSN) | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania (PDAR) | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ecological Movement of Romania (MER) | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| National Liberal Party – Youth Wing (PNL-AT) | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| National Ecologist Party (PNE) | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Greater Romania Party (PRM) | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Romanian Social Democratic Party (PSDR) | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Independent (IND) | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
The elected President of the County Council was Gavril Mârza (PDSR). The Suceava County Council, elected at the 1996 local elections, consisted of 45 councillors, with the following party composition:[14]
| Party | Seats | Current County Council | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) | 8 | |||||||||
| Social Democratic Union (USD) | 7 | |||||||||
| Party of Social Democracy in Romania (PDSR) | 7 | |||||||||
| Democratic Agrarian Party (PDAR) | 3 | |||||||||
| Socialist Party of Labour (PSM) | 2 | |||||||||
| Greater Romania Party (PRM) | 2 | |||||||||
| Democratic Pensioners' Party From Romania And Diaspora (PDPRD) | 2 | |||||||||
| Civic Alliance Party (PAC) | 2 | |||||||||
| National Party of Free Producers in Romania (PNPLR) | 1 | |||||||||
| Ecological Movement of Romania (MER) | 1 | |||||||||
| National Drivers' Party (PNAR) | 1 | |||||||||
| Pensioners' Party (PP) | 1 | |||||||||
| Socialist Party (PS) | 1 | |||||||||
| National Democratic Christian Party (PNDC) | 1 | |||||||||
| Romanian Party for the New Society (PRNS) | 1 | |||||||||
| Romanian National Unity Party (PUNR) | 1 | |||||||||
| Union of Poles of Romania (UPR) | 1 | |||||||||
| Liberal Party '93 (PL '93) | 1 | |||||||||
| National Liberal Party-Câmpeanu (PNL-C) | 1 | |||||||||
| Movement For European Integration (MIE) | 1 | |||||||||
The elected President of the County Council was Gavril Mârza (PDSR). The Suceava County Council, elected at the 2000 local elections, consisted of 45 councillors, with the following party composition:
| Party | Seats | Current County Council | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party of Social Democracy in Romania (PDSR) | 16 | |||||||||||||||||
| Greater Romania Party (PRM) | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| Alliance for Romania (ApR) | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| Democratic Party (PD) | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR 2000) | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| National Liberal Party (PNL) | 3 | |||||||||||||||||
| National Christian Democratic Alliance (ANCD) | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
| Romanian Social Democratic Party (PSDR) | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
| Romanian National Party (PNR) | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
| Pensioners' Party in Romania (PPR) | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
| Romanian National Unity Party (PUNR) | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
The elected President of the County Council was Gavril Mârza (PSD). The Suceava County Council, elected at the 2004 local elections, consisted of 37 councillors, with the following party composition:
| Party | Seats | Current County Council | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Justice and Truth Alliance (DA) | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Greater Romania Party (PRM) | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Humanist Party (PUR) | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
The elected President of the County Council was Gheorghe Flutur (PDL). The Suceava County Council, elected at the 2008 local elections, consisted of 36 councillors, with the following party composition:
| Party | Seats | Current County Council | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic Liberal Party (PDL) | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||
| National Liberal Party (PNL) | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||
The elected President of the County Council was Cătălin Nechifor (PSD/USL). The Suceava County Council, elected at the 2012 local elections, consisted of 36 councillors, with the following party composition:[15]
| Party | Seats | Current County Council | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Liberal Union (USL) | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Democratic Liberal Party (PDL) | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||
| People's Party – Dan Diaconescu (PP-DD) | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
The elected President of the County Council was Gheorghe Flutur (PNL). The Suceava County Council, elected at the 2016 local elections, consisted of 37 councillors, with the following party composition:[16]
| Party | Seats | Current County Council | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Liberal Party (PNL) | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
The elected President of the County Council is Gheorghe Flutur (PNL). The Suceava County Council, renewed at the 2020 local elections, consists of 36 county councillors, with the following party composition:[17]
| Party | Seats | Current County Council | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Liberal Party (PNL) | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| People's Movement Party (PMP) | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Suceava County has 5 municipalities, 11 towns, and 98 communes.
During June 2010, Gheorghe Flutur, at that time (as now) the president of Suceava County Council, stated in a Mediafax interview that his county was one of the worst hit in the country. In the morning of June 29, relief work was coordinated to deal with the flooding that killed 21 people and caused hundreds to be evacuated from their homes.[19]
See also: Former administrative divisions of Romania.
| Official Name: | Județul Suceava |
| Settlement Type: | County (Județ) |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type2: | Historic region |
| Subdivision Type3: | Capital city (Reședință de județ) |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | 1925 |
| Established Title2: | Ceased to exist |
| Area Total Km2: | 1309 |
| Population As Of: | 1930 |
| Population Total: | 121327 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Utc Offset: | +2 |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +3 |
In the Kingdom of Romania, between the early 20th century up to the end of the 1940s, the county had a smaller size and population.
The contemporary Suceava county is the result of the merger of other smaller former Romanian counties from the historical regions of Bukovina and Western Moldavia that were functional mostly throughout the interwar period (e.g. Rădăuți County, Câmpulung County) and part of Baia County). As per the administrative reform of 1938 under King Carol II, the whole counties which divided Bukovina in the Kingdom of Romania were united into a bigger land called Ținutul Suceava. Later, during World War II, Suceava County was part of the Bukovina Governorate of Romania.
As for the historical interwar Suceava County, this administrative unit was located in the northern part of Greater Romania and the southern part of the historical region of Bukovina respectively. Its territory was situated entirely within the borders of the current Suceava County, constituting thus the central-eastern part of the contemporary namesake county. During the interwar period, it was the smallest county of Greater Romania by area, covering .
It was bordered on the east by the counties of Dorohoi and Botoșani, to the north by Rădăuți County, to the west by Câmpulung County, and to the south by Baia County.
During the communism period, Suceava County was at some point dissolved (as were all other counties in Romania as per the law no. 5 from 6 September 1950), then changed into the Suceava Region and then re-organized once again as county starting from 1968.
As of 1930, the county was administratively subdivided into three districts (plăși):[21]
In 1938, the county was administratively reorganized into the following districts:
According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 121,327, ethnically divided among Romanians (79.5%), Germans (primarily Bukovina Germans but also Zipsers) (8.2%), Jews (5.5%), Poles (2.7%), Ukrainians (1.7%), as well as other ethnic minorities.[22]
By language the county was divided among Romanian (76.5%), German (9.4%), Ukrainian (5.5%), Yiddish (4.3%), Polish (2.5%), as well as other languages. From the religious point of view, the population consisted of Eastern Orthodox (80.1%), Roman Catholic (8.4%), Jewish (5.5%), Evangelical Lutheran (3.3%), Greek Catholic (1.4%), as well as other minor religions.[23]
The county's urban population consisted of 19,850 inhabitants (17,028 in Suceava and 2,822 in Solca), ethnically divided among Romanians (61.5%), Jews (18.7%), Germans (13.9%), Poles (2.6%), as well as other ethnic minorities.[22]
As a mother tongue in the urban population, Romanian (60.4%) predominated, followed by German (18.7%), Yiddish (13.8%), Ukrainian (3.2%), Polish (2.2%), as well as other minor spoken languages. From the religious point of view, the urban population consisted of 60.6% Eastern Orthodox, 18.8% Jewish, 15.3% Roman Catholic, 2.0% Greek Catholic, 1.7% Evangelical Lutheran, 0.7% Baptist as well as other confessional minorities.