Subulina Explained

Subulina is a genus of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae.^[1]

Subulina is the type genus of the subfamily Subulininae.

Species

The genus Subulina includes the following species:

• Subulina abessinica (Thiele, 1933)
• Subulina albini Germain, 1923
• Subulina avakubiensis Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina bequaerti Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina biafrae Ortiz de Zárate & Ortiz de Zárate, 1959
• Subulina bicolumellaris E. von Martens, 1895
• Subulina bruggenorum Breure & Ablett, 2018
• Subulina canonica (Mousson, 1886)
• Subulina cereola (Morelet, 1860)
• Subulina chiarinii Pollonera, 1887
• Subulina connollyi Bacci, 1951
• Subulina emini (E. A. Smith, 1890)
• Subulina entebbana (Pollonera, 1907)
• Subulina erlangeri O. Boettger, 1907
• Subulina feai Germain, 1912
• Subulina ferriezi (Morelet, 1882)
• Subulina glabella (Morelet, 1883)
• Subulina glyptochephala Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina gracilenta (Morelet, 1867)
• Subulina gracillima Connolly, 1919
• Subulina gratacapi Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina intermedia Taylor, 1877
• Subulina jaensis Preston, 1909
• Subulina kassaiana Rochebrune & Germain, 1904
• Subulina krebedjeensis Germain, 1907
• Subulina lacuum O. Boettger, 1907
• Subulina lasti (E. A. Smith, 1890)
• Subulina leia Putzeys, 1899
• Subulina lowei Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina mabilliana Bourguignat, 1883
• Subulina mamillata (Craven, 1880)
• Subulina manampetsaensis Fischer-Piette & Testud, 1964
• Subulina maringoensis Preston, 1910
• Subulina moreleti Girard, 1893
• Subulina mrimensis Verdcourt, 1979
• Subulina munzingerii (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina newtoni Girard, 1893
• Subulina normalis (Morelet, 1885)
• Subulina octogona Bruguière, 1792^[2]
• Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1798)^[3] – miniature awlsnail
• Subulina ornata (Morelet, 1888)
• Subulina parana Pilsbry, 1906
• Subulina pengensis Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina pergracilis E. von Martens, 1897
• Subulina perlucida (Preston, 1910)
• Subulina perstriata E. von Martens, 1895
• Subulina petrensis (Morelet, 1866)
• Subulina pileata (E. von Martens, 1876)
• Subulina pyramidalis (Morelet, 1883)
• Subulina roccatii Pollonera, 1906
• Subulina simplex (Morelet, 1882)
• Subulina sinistrorsa Dupuis, 1922
• Subulina suaveolata (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina subangulata Putzeys, 1899
• Subulina subcrenata E. von Martens, 1895
• Subulina taruensis Connolly, 1923
• Subulina terebella (Morelet, 1886)
• Subulina thysvillensis Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina totistriata Pilsbry, 1906
• Subulina tribulationis Preston, 1911
• Subulina turtoni Connolly, 1923
• Subulina usambarica K. Pfeiffer^[4]
• Subulina viridula Connolly, 1923
• Subulina vitrea (Mousson, 1888)
• Subulina yatesi (L. Pfeiffer, 1855)

Synonyms

• Subulina abdita Poey, 1858: synonym of Leptinaria striosa (C. B. Adams, 1849) (junior synonym)
• Subulina angustata (Jickeli, 1873): synonym of Homorus angustatus (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina angustior (Dohrn, 1866): synonym of Striosubulina striatella (Rang, 1831)
• Subulina antinorii (Morelet, 1872): synonym of Homorus antorinii (Morelet, 1872)
• Subulina arabica Connolly, 1941: synonym of Homorus arabicus (Connolly, 1941) (original combination)
• Subulina castanea E. von Martens, 1895: synonym of Oreohomorus castaneus (E. von Martens, 1895)
• Subulina chiradzuluensis E. A. Smith, 1899: synonym of Subuliniscus chiradzuluensis (E. A. Smith, 1899) (original combination)
• Subulina crystallina Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896: synonym of Opeas crystallinum (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896) (original combination)
• Subulina cyanostoma Beck, 1837: synonym of Achatina cyanostoma L. Pfeiffer, 1842: synonym of Homorus cyanostomus (L. Pfeiffer, 1842) (nomen nudum)
• Subulina cylindracea Bourguignat, 1890: synonym of Subulona cylindracea (Bourguignat, 1890) (original combination)
• Subulina dohertyi E. A. Smith, 1903: synonym of Nothapalus dohertyi (E. A. Smith, 1903) (original combination)
• Subulina elegans E. von Martens, 1895: synonym of Ischnoglessula elegans (E. von Martens, 1895) (original combination)
• Subulina eulimoides Preston, 1909: synonym of Opeas eulimoides (Preston, 1909) (original combination)
• Subulina glaucocyanea Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896: synonym of Euonyma acus (Morelet, 1889)
• Subulina grandis Madge, 1938: synonym of Subulina striatella (Rang, 1831): synonym of Striosubulina striatella (Rang, 1831) (junior synonym)
• Subulina isseli Jickeli, 1874: synonym of Pseudopeas isseli (Jickeli, 1874) (original combination)
• Subulina jickelii Bourguignat, 1879: synonym of Homorus variabilis var. jickelii (Bourguignat, 1879): synonym of Homorus variabilis (Jickeli, 1873) (original combination)
• Subulina jouberti Bourguignat, 1890: synonym of Subulona jouberti (Bourguignat, 1890) (original combination)
• Subulina kempi Preston, 1912: synonym of Nothapalinus kempi (Preston, 1912) (original combination)
• Subulina laeocochlis Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896: synonym of Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896) (original combination)
• Subulina lagariensis E. A. Smith, 1904: synonym of Subulona lagariensis (E. A. Smith, 1904) (original combination)
• Subulina lenta E. A. Smith, 1880: synonym of Subulona lenta (E. A. Smith, 1880) (original combination)
• Subulina lhotellerii Bourguignat, 1879: synonym of Homorus variabilis var. lhotellerii (Bourguignat, 1879): synonym of Homorus variabilis (Jickeli, 1873) (original combination)
• Subulina maurtiana (L. Pfeiffer, 1853): synonym of Allopeas mauritianum (L. Pfeiffer, 1853): synonym of Allopeas clavulinum (Potiez & Michaud, 1838) (superseded combination)
• † Subulina nitidula Klika, 1891: synonym of † Pseudoleacina nitidula (Klika, 1891) (new combination)
• Subulina octana [sic]: synonym of Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1789) (unaccepted > misspelling)
• Subulina paucispira E. von Martens, 1892: synonym of Nothapalus paucispira (E. von Martens, 1892) (original combination)
• Subulina perrieriana Bourguignat, 1883: synonym of Homorus perrierianus (Bourguignat, 1883) (original combination)
• Subulina pietersburgensis Preston, 1909: synonym of Opeas lineare (F. Krauss, 1848)
• Subulina pinguis E. von Martens, 1895: synonym of Subulona pinguis (E. von Martens, 1895)
• Subulina plebeia (Morelet, 1885): synonym of Pseudopeas plebeium (Morelet, 1885) (superseded combination)
• Subulina porrecta E. von Martens, 1898: synonym of Mayaxis porrecta (E. von Martens, 1898) (original combination)
• Subulina purcelli Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901: synonym of Euonyma purcelli (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901) (original combination)
• Subulina ruwenzoriensis Pollonera, 1907: synonym of Subuliniscus ruwenzoriensis (Pollonera, 1907) (original combination)
• Subulina sargi Crosse & P. Fischer, 1877: synonym of Pseudosubulina sargi (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1877) (original combination)
• Subulina servaini Mabille, 1887: synonym of Tortaxis servaini (Mabille, 1887) (original combination)
• Subulina solidiuscula E. A. Smith, 1880: synonym of Subulona solidiuscula (E. A. Smith, 1880) (original combination)
• Subulina splendens Thiele, 1910: synonym of Homorus splendens (Thiele, 1910) (original combination)
• Subulina striatella (Rang, 1831): synonym of Striosubulina striatella (Rang, 1831) (superseded combination)
• Subulina strigilis Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901: synonym of Opeas strigile (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901) (original combination)
• Subulina suaveolans Jickeli, 1874: synonym of Homorus suaveolatus (Jickeli, 1873) (unjustified subsequent emendation)
• Subulina subulata (Jickeli, 1873): synonym of Homorus subulatus (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina trochlea (L. Pfeiffer, 1842): synonym of Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1789) (junior synonym)
• Subulina tugelensiis Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897: synonym of Euonyma tugelensis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897) (original combination)
• Subulina uncta E. A. Smith, 1903: synonym of Nothapalus unctus (E. A. Smith, 1903) (original combination)
• Subulina variabilis (Jickeli, 1873): synonym of Homorus variabilis (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina victoriae (Kobelt, 1913): synonym of Subulina entebbana (Pollonera, 1907) (junior synonym)
• Subulina virgo Preston, 1911: synonym of Cecilioides virgo (Preston, 1911) (original combination)

External links

• ITIS info
• Beck, H. (1837). Index molluscorum praesentis aevi musei principis augustissimi Christiani Frederici. 1–99. Hafniae
• Nevill, G. (1869). Additional notes on the land-shells of the Seychelles Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1869: 61–66
• Poinar, G. O., Jr. & Roth, B. (1991). Terrestrial snails (Gastropoda) in Dominican amber. The Veliger. 34(3): 253–258
• Breure, A. S. H. & Araujo, R. (2017). The Neotropical land snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda) collected by the “Comisión Científica del Pacífico.”. PeerJ. 5, e3065.

Notes and References

1. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Subulina H. Beck, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818582 on 7 July 2022
2. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/134167#page/452/mode/1up Alan Solem, Malacological Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy; The veliger vol. 14 (1971–1972)
3. Juřičková L. (2006). "Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1798) – a new greenhouse species for the Czech Republic (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Subulinidae)". Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 5: 1–2. Online serial at 30 January 2006. PDF.
4. Tattersfield, P. . 1996 . Subulina usambarica . 1996 . e.T21126A9249150 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21126A9249150.en . 16 November 2021.