Strength of glass explained
Glass typically has a tensile strength of 7MPa.[1] However, the theoretical upper bound on its strength is orders of magnitude higher: 17GPa. This high value is due to the strong chemical Si–O bonds of silicon dioxide. Imperfections of the glass, such as bubbles, and in particular surface flaws, such as scratches, have a great effect on the strength of glass and decrease it even more than for other brittle materials.[2] The chemical composition of the glass also impacts its tensile strength.[3] The processes of thermal and chemical toughening can increase the tensile strength of glass.[4]
Glass has a compressive strength of 1000MPa.[5] [6]
Strength of glass fiber
Glass fibers have a much higher tensile strength than regular glass (200-500 times stronger than regular glass).[7] This is due to the reduction of flaws in glass fibers[8] and the small cross sectional area of glass fibers, constraining maximum defect size.
Strength of fiberglass
Fiberglass's strength depends on the type. S-glass has a strength of 700000psi while E-glass and C-glass have a strength of 500000psi.[9]
Hardness
Glass has a hardness of 6.5 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness.[10] [11]
Notes and References
- Book: Kasunic, Keith J. . Optomechanical Systems Engineering . 2015-03-02 . John Wiley & Sons . 9781118809907 . en.
- Web site: The Mechanical Properties of Glass . Lehman . Richard . November 24, 2017 . November 24, 2017.
- Book: The Glass Industry . 1923 . Ashlee Publishing Company, Incorporated . en.
- Book: Kaltenbach, Frank . Translucent Materials: Glass, Plastics, Metals . 2004-01-01 . Walter de Gruyter . 9783034614320 . en.
- Web site: Physical Properties of Glass - Saint-Gobain Glass UK . uk.saint-gobain-glass.com . 2017-11-26.
- Book: Challenging Glass: Conference on Architectural and Structural Applications of Glass, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, May 2008 . Bos . Freek . Louter . Christian . Veer . Fred . 2008 . IOS Press . 9781586038663 . en.
- Web site: Introduction to Composite Materials and Structures . Tiwari . Nachiketa . November 25, 2017 . November 25, 2017.
- Book: Polymer Matrix Composites and Technology . Wang . Ru-Min . Zheng . Shui-Rong . Zheng . Yujun George . 2011-07-14 . Elsevier . 9780857092229 . en.
- Book: Engineers, NIIR Board of Consultants and . The Complete Technology Book on Plastic Extrusion, Moulding And Mould Designs . 2006-10-01 . ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc. . 9788178330082 . en.
- Book: Limited, Australian Drilling Industry Training Committee . The Drilling Manual, Fifth Edition . 2015-04-01 . CRC Press . 9781439814215 . en.
- Book: Murphy, J. . Additives for Plastics Handbook . 2001-11-22 . Elsevier . 9780080498614 . en.