Stolpersteine is the German name for small, cobblestone-sized memorials placed around Europe by the German artist Gunter Demnig. They commemorate the victims of Nazi Germany who were murdered, deported, exiled or driven to suicide. The first Stolpersteine in Milan, the capital of the Italian region of Lombardia, were established in January 2017.
Generally, the blocks are posed in front of the building where the victims had their last self-chosen residence. The name of the Stolpersteine in Italian is pietre d'inciampo.
| Stone | Inscription | data-sort-type="text" style ="width:20%;" | Location | Life and death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
HERE LIVED | Viale Monza, 23 | Angelo Aglieri | ||
HERE WORKED | Via dei Chiostri 2 | , born on 2 April 1910 in Milan, was an architect. Together with colleagues Belgiojoso, Peressutti and Rogers, he founded the BBPR studio, which was also involved in urban planning, in interior design and in publishing the journal Quadrante. He promoted rationalist architecture in Italy and became an anti-fascist, he adhered to the clandestine Partito d'Azione and caught during Nazi occupation of northern Italy. His colleague Ernesto Nathan Rogers, of Jewish descent, had to flee to Switzerland. Banfi and his colleague Lodovico Barbiano di Belgiojoso were arrested on 21 March 1944 and deported first to Fossoli di Carpi, then to Bolzano and Mauthausen. He died in the Gusen subcamp on the eve of liberation, on 10 April 1945.[1] Belgiojoso did survive. | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Vespri Siciliani 71 45.4508°N 9.1434°W | was born on 7 August 1866 in Brescia. She was the daughter of Alessandro Basevi and Silvia Finzi. She married Gerolamo Lombroso. The couple had a daughter, Renata. After the German occupation of Northern Italy in September 1943, Italian citizens who betrayed Jews to the SS were promised to get their apartment. The elderly lady was arrested by Nazi troops on 1 December 1943. She was deported with the convoy #6 to Auschwitz concentration camp on 30 January 1944 and arrived there on 6 February 1944. She was murdered on the day of her arrival in a gas chamber. Her daughter was able to survive because she was warned and hid by the porter after returning from work.[2] [3] [4] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via privata Hermada, 4 | Giuseppe Berna | ||
HERE LIVED | Via De Amicis, 45 | Margherita Luzzatto Böhm[5] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via De Amicis, 45 | Michelangelo Böhm[6] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Bezzecca, 1 | Emma Bovi | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Stradella, 13 | Enzo Capitano[7] [8] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Plinio 20 45.4783°N 9.214°W | was born on 24 August 1910 in Ancona. He was the son of Arrigo Coen and Ilde Portaleone. He had ten brothers (Aldo, Attilio, Brenno, Bruno, Enzo, Franco, Manfred, Nello, Remo and Umberto) and four sisters (Dina, Floretta, Lina and Romilda).[9] He married Angelina Giustacchini. The couple had a daughter, Ornella. He was arrested by Nazi authorities on 26 July 1944, and deported with convoy # 14 on 2 August 1944 to Auschwitz and arrived there on 6 August 1944. His prison number was 190841, tattooed on his skin. He was murdered, presumably after a death march, in Buchenwald concentration camp on 4 April 1945.[10] At least two of his siblings, Romilde and Umberto, were also victims of the Shoah.[11] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via De Togni, 10 | Maria Antonietta Reinach De Benedetti[12] [13] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via De Togni, 10 | Piero De Benedetti | ||
HERE LIVED | Via De Togni, 10 | Ugo De Benedetti | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Borgonuovo, 5 | Antonio De Giorgi[14] [15] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Milazzo 4 45.4791°N 9.1875°W | was born on 7 February 1906 in Motta Visconti in the province of Milan. His parents were Costante De Giuli and Maria Caserio. At a young age he was a follower of the Fascists, but turned away from them in the 1930s. He became an overt opponent of Mussolini and his regime. He joined the resistance movement Giustizia e Libertà and was interned from 1934 to 1938 as a political prisoner on the island of Ponza. After the armistice of Cassibile and the subsequent invasion of the Germans in northern Italy, he joined the Lombard Azione Patriottica, small clandestine resistance groups founded by the Communist Party of Italy. He was arrested in Milan on 7 August 1944 by the Nazis and deported first to Bolzano, later to Dachau concentration camp. De Giuli came to a sub-camp established at the outskirts of Überlingen, in Aufkirch, where 700 prisoners were deployed in the construction of an extensive underground facility, the Goldbach Stollen for the manufacture of military armaments. There he was murdered on 24 February 1945.[16] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Corridoni, 1 | Cesare Fano was born on 13 June 1868 in Colorno (PR), son of Abramo Fano and Corinna Rimini. In 1904 he married Silvia Usigli born on September 2, 1879, in Rovigo, daughter of Giacomo and Carolina Usigli. They had a son, Paolo, and they live in Milan, in Via Corridoni #1. Cesare worked in a bank and Silvia was a housewife. The family had a peaceful life. They did not realize the consequences of the racial laws of 1938 and remained at home even after September 8, 1943, day of the German occupation. Their advanced age would have saved them. When they tried to escape to Switzerland at the end of December 1943, it was too late. They were captured on 18 December 1943 in Tirano, they were detained first in the Sondrio prison and then in Milan, in San Vittore. They were deported on transport 6 which departed from platform 21 in Milan on 30 January 1944 and arrived in Auschwitz on 6 February 1944. They did not go through the selection on arrival and were immediately sent to the gas chambers.[17] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Corridoni, 1 | Silvia Usigli Fano[18] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Conca del Naviglio, 7 | William Finzi | ||
HERE LIVED | Viale Lombardia, 65 | Angelo Fiocchi[19] [20] | ||
HERE LIVED | Viale Piceno, 33 | Raffaele Gilardino[21] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Spontini 8 | was born on 23 December 1880 in Palaia in the province of Pisa. He was married to Sestilia Antonelli.[22] Lenzi was an anti-fascist. After the armistice of Cassibile and the subsequent take-over of power by the Nazi regime in northern Italy, he joined the Partito d'Azione (Pd'A), a political party founded in 1942 in the underground to fight against fascism. He became a close associate of Ferruccio Parri, a leading representative of the Pd'A, a partisan chief and later Prime Minister of Italy. Following a denunciation, he was arrested by Nazi forces on 15 March or 15 August 1944. He was first deported to Fossoli transit camp, thereafter to the Mauthausen concentration camp and murdered on 21 November 1944 in one of its sub-camps, in Gusen.[23] [24] On 20 May 1946, Lenzi was officially recognized as partisan and voluntary freedom fighter for Lombardy in the years 1943 and 1944. | ||
HERE LIVED | Viale Emilio Caldara, 11 | Romeo Locatelli[25] [26] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Marcona, 34 | Giuseppe Malagodi | ||
HERE LIVED | Piazzale Cadorna, 15 | Alessandro Moneta | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Sarfatti, 25 (in front of Bocconi University) | Giuseppe Pagano Pogatschnig, architect[27] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Bizzoni, 7 | Livia Sinigallia Piperno | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Bizzoni, 7 | Odorico Piperno | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Bizzoni, 7 | Rambaldo Piperno | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Bizzoni, 7 | Renzo Piperno | ||
HERE LIVED | Via Mengoni, 2 | Otto Michael Popper | ||
HERE LIVED | Via De Togni, 10 | Ernesto Reinach | ||
HERE LIVED | Corso Magenta 55 | was born on 12 December 1899 in Milan. Son of Giuseppe Segre and Olga Loevvy.[28] He had to take part in the last phase of World War I but graduated from Liceo Manzoni in July 1918. Graduated in Economics and Commerce, worked for the family firm. He was anti-fascist. Married Lucia Foligno. On 10 September 1930, their only daughter was born, Liliana. A few months later his wife died. When the persecution of Italian Jews intensified, Segre hid his daughter with friends by using fake documents. In December 1943, an attempt to flee to Switzerland failed. Father and daughter were arrested the following day in Selvetta di Viggiù in the Province of Varese. They were transferred to the prison in Varese, then to Como and finally to Milan. On 30 January 1944, Segre and his daughter were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp, which they reached seven days later. The daughter was immediately separated from her father, who was killed in Auschwitz on 27 April 1944.[29] [30] [31] On 18 May 1944, his parents were arrested in Inverigo. They were also deported to Auschwitz and murdered on arrival on June 30. His daughter was a forced laborer at an ammunition factory for about a year and underwent three more selections. She survived a death march to Germany and was liberated on 1 May 1945. Returning to Italy, she married Alfredo Belli Paci in 1948, who was also a concentration camps survivor. The couple had three children. In the 1990s she became one of the most important Italian witnesses of the Holocaust. In 2004, she obtained the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.[32] | ||
HERE LIVED | Via dei Cinquecento, 20 | Augusto Silla Fabbri was born on 28 September 1905 a Copparo. He was a mechanic at Caproni, an important an Italian aircraft manufacturer founded in 1908. He was married to Luigia Riazzoli. The couple lived in Via dei Cinquecento 20. He was opposed to fascism and was active in clandestine resistance work. In early March 1944 he participated in the Italian general strike against the Nazi regime and organized the resistance inside Caproni who blocked all activities for eight days. He was arrested and thereafter deported to Mauthausen concentration camp. He arrived there on 20 March 1944. His inmate number was 58847. In April he was transferred to one of the Gusen camps, later-on he was kept in custody in Floridsdorf, a district of Vienna. It is unknown why he was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp in December 1944. Only few weeks later the evacuation of Auschwitz began and he was sent beck to Mauthausen where he was registered with the number 118709. In the middle of February 1945 he was again transferred to Gusen and again exploited in forced labour. He died of hunger and pain on 10 May 1945, when the Nazi regime had already ceased to exist.[33] [34] |
The Stolpersteine of Milan were all collocated by Gunter Demnig personally at the following dates.
. Il libro della memoria . 2001 . Mursia . Milano. Liliana Picciotto.