Steven T. Bramwell Explained
Steven T. Bramwell (born 7 June 1961) is a British physicist and chemist who works at the London Centre for Nanotechnology and the Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London. He is known for his experimental discovery of spin ice with M. J. Harris and his calculation of a critical exponent observed in two-dimensional magnets with P. C. W. Holdsworth. A probability distribution for global quantities in complex systems,the "Bramwell-Holdsworth-Pinton (BHP) distribution", (to be implemented in Mathematica[1]) is named after him.[2]
In 2009 Bramwell's group was one of several to report experimental evidence of magnetic monopole excitations in spin ice.[3] [4] [5] [6] [7] He coined the term "magnetricity" to describe currents of these effective magnetic "monopoles" in condensed-matter systems.[8]
Bramwell studied chemistry at Oxford University, obtaining his PhD in 1989. He was a professor of physical chemistry at University College London from 2000-2009, before becoming a Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy.
Honours and distinctions
Bramwell was awarded the 2010 Holweck Prize of the British Institute of Physics and the Société Française de Physique (SFP) for "pioneering new concepts in the experimental and theoretical study of spin systems".[9] He shared the 2012 Europhysics Prize of the European Physical Society Condensed Matter Division "for the prediction and experimental observation of magnetic monopoles in spin ice".[10] He is a Fellow of the Institute of Physics.
In 2010 he won the Times Higher Education research project of the year for "magnetricity",[11] and was named by The Times on their list of the 100 top UK scientists.[12]
Selected publications
- Harris. M.. Bramwell, S. . McMorrow, D. . Zeiske, T. . Godfrey, K. . Geometrical Frustration in the Ferromagnetic Pyrochlore Ho2Ti2O7. Physical Review Letters. 79. 13. 2554–2557. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.2554. 1997PhRvL..79.2554H. 1997. 20.500.11820/f7958ee9-5fb1-4965-8ab3-70c50216943c. free.
- Bramwell. S T. Harris, M J. Frustration in Ising-type spin models on the pyrochlore lattice. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 13 April 1998. 10. 14. L215–L220. 10.1088/0953-8984/10/14/002. 1998JPCM...10L.215B. 250785872 .
- Bramwell. S. T.. Spin Ice State in Frustrated Magnetic Pyrochlore Materials. Science. 16 November 2001. 294. 5546. 1495–1501. 10.1126/science.1064761. 11711667. cond-mat/0201427. 2001Sci...294.1495B. 9402061.
- Bramwell. S T. Holdsworth, P C W. Magnetization and universal sub-critical behaviour in two-dimensional XY magnets. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 25 January 1993. 5. 4. L53–L59. 10.1088/0953-8984/5/4/004. 1993JPCM....5L..53B. 250912649 .
- Holdsworth. P. C. W.. Bramwell, S. T. . Pinton, J.-F. . Nature. 10 December 1998. 396. 6711. 552–554. 10.1038/25083. 1998Natur.396..552B. Universality of rare fluctuations in turbulence and critical phenomena. 4373805.
- Bramwell. S.. Christensen, K. . Fortin, J.-Y. . Holdsworth, P. . Jensen, H. . Lise, S. . López, J. . Nicodemi, M. . Pinton, J.-F. . Sellitto, M. . Universal Fluctuations in Correlated Systems. Physical Review Letters. 84. 17. 3744–3747. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3744. 2000PhRvL..84.3744B. cond-mat/9912255. 2000. 11019195. 46664222.
- Fennell. T.. Deen, P. P. . Wildes, A. R. . Schmalzl, K. . Prabhakaran, D. . Boothroyd, A. T. . Aldus, R. J. . McMorrow, D. F. . Bramwell, S. T. . Magnetic Coulomb Phase in the Spin Ice Ho2Ti2O7. Science. 3 September 2009. 326. 5951. 415–417. 10.1126/science.1177582. 19729619. 0907.0954. 2009Sci...326..415F. 206521792.
- Bramwell. S. T.. Giblin, S. R. . Calder, S. . Aldus, R. . Prabhakaran, D. . Fennell, T. . Measurement of the charge and current of magnetic monopoles in spin ice. Nature. 15 October 2009. 461. 7266. 956–959. 10.1038/nature08500. 19829376. 0907.0956. 2009Natur.461..956B. 4399620.
External links
Notes and References
- Web site: Trott. Michael; Marichev, Oleg. The Ultimate Univariate Probability Distribution Explorer. blog.wolfram.com. March 23, 2013. February 1, 2013.
- Web site: Crooks . Gavin E. . Survey of simple, continuous, univariate probability distributions . Three Plus One . 18883018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170706060322/http://threeplusone.com/gec/media/Crooks-GUDv5.pdf . 2017-07-06.
- Fennell. T.. Deen. P. P.. Wildes. A. R.. Schmalzl. K.. Prabhakaran. D.. Boothroyd. A. T.. Aldus. R. J.. McMorrow. D. F.. Bramwell. S. T.. 2009-10-16. Magnetic Coulomb Phase in the Spin Ice Ho2Ti2O7. Science. en. 326. 5951. 415–417. 10.1126/science.1177582. 0036-8075. 19729619. 2009Sci...326..415F . 206521792 . free.
- Morris. D. J. P.. Tennant. D. A.. Grigera. S. A.. Klemke. B.. Castelnovo. C.. Moessner. R.. Czternasty. C.. Meissner. M.. Rule. K. C.. Hoffmann. J.-U.. Kiefer. K.. 2009-10-16. Dirac Strings and Magnetic Monopoles in the Spin Ice Dy2Ti2O7. Science. en. 326. 5951. 411–414. 10.1126/science.1178868. 0036-8075. 19729617. 1011.1174. 104322712 .
- Bramwell. S. T.. Giblin. S. R.. Calder. S.. Aldus. R.. Prabhakaran. D.. Fennell. T.. October 2009. Measurement of the charge and current of magnetic monopoles in spin ice. Nature. en. 461. 7266. 956–959. 10.1038/nature08500. 19829376 . 1476-4687. 0907.0956. 2009Natur.461..956B . 17790972 .
- Jaubert. L. D. C.. Holdsworth. P. C. W.. April 2009. Signature of magnetic monopole and Dirac string dynamics in spin ice. Nature Physics. en. 5. 4. 258–261. 10.1038/nphys1227. 1745-2481. free. 0903.1074.
- Kadowaki. Hiroaki. Doi. Naohiro. Aoki. Yuji. Tabata. Yoshikazu. J. Sato. Taku. W. Lynn. Jeffrey. Matsuhira. Kazuyuki. Hiroi. Zenji. 2009-10-13. Observation of Magnetic Monopoles in Spin Ice. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. 78. 10. 103706. 10.1143/JPSJ.78.103706. 118373241 . 0031-9015.
- Web site: Powell. Devin. 'Magnetricity' Created in Crystals of Spin Ice. wired.com. March 23, 2013. February 14, 2011.
- Web site: 2010 Holweck medal and prize. iop.org. March 23, 2013.
- Web site: EPS CMD Europhysics Prize. epsnews.eu. March 23, 2013. June 28, 2012.
- Web site: EPSRC researchers win 'Research project of the year' at the Times Higher Education Awards. epsrc.ac.uk. March 23, 2013. November 30, 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20120715005332/http://www.epsrc.ac.uk/newsevents/news/2010/Pages/theawards.aspx. July 15, 2012.
- Web site: Durrani. Matin. 100 top UK scientists revealed. blog.physicsworld.com. March 23, 2013. Oct 7, 2010.