Steven Campana Explained

Steven E. Campana
Birth Date:22 November 1955
Birth Place:Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Occupation:Fisheries scientist, academic and author
Education:B.Sc., Biology and Chemistry
Ph.D., Zoology
Alma Mater:Dalhousie University
University of British Columbia
Workplaces:Bedford Institute of Oceanography
University of Iceland

Steven E. Campana is a Canadian fisheries scientist, academic and author. He is best known for his research on otolith-based age and growth applications, shark biology, and fish population dynamics.[1] He is currently a professor of Life and Environmental Science at the University of Iceland.[2]

Education

Campana earned a BSc in Biology and Chemistry from Dalhousie University in 1977, followed by a PhD in Zoology from the University of British Columbia in 1983.[3]

Career

Between 1983 and 2015, Campana took on various roles as a federal scientist at Fisheries and Oceans Canada, first as a Research Scientist, then as the Head of the Growth and Production Section and later as a Senior Scientist in the Population Ecology Division. He created and led both the Otolith Research Laboratory (1983–2015) and the Canadian Shark Research Laboratory (1998–2015).[4] Concurrently, he was appointed as an adjunct professor at Dalhousie University in 1986 and at the University of Windsor in 2007. He has been employed as a professor in the Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences at the University of Iceland since 2015.[2]

Campana received the Stevenson Lectureship Award for cutting edge science as a young researcher in an aquatic discipline in 1994, a Lifetime Achievement award for outstanding international contributions to otolith science in 2004, and was inducted into the Legends of Canadian Fisheries Science and Management by the Canadian Aquatic Resources Section in 2016.[5] He has written or edited six books on otolith research and application,[6] [7] [8] as well as more than 250 scientific articles and technical reports on various aspects of marine science and conservation. In one analysis, he was listed as one of the most highly cited in fisheries science.[9]

Research

The age composition of a fish population forms the foundation for most fish stock assessments, fishing quotas and conservation strategies. Campana’s research on fish otoliths (earstones) focused on the development of new and more robust age determination techniques, many of which have been implemented in species of fish, whales, bivalves, sharks, and skates worldwide.[10] Alongside John D. Neilson, he developed and popularized the use of otolith daily growth increments as a tool for studying young fish.[11] His applications of otolith trace element and isotopic chemistry have become routine tools for tracking fish stock migrations and reconstructing temperature history,[12] [13] while his research on otolith shape has been used to discriminate among fish stocks.[14]

As Canada’s primary investigator of North Atlantic shark species, Campana developed the initial stock assessments for porbeagle, blue and mako shark in Canadian waters, as well as the Canadian contribution to the ICCAT North Atlantic assessment.[15] His integration of modern fish ageing protocols to sharks and skates led to a major reassessment of the longevity of shark species worldwide, leading to improved conservation efforts.[16] [17] Through application of satellite tags to pelagic shark species, he demonstrated that large numbers of sharks caught as bycatch in commercial longline fishing gear were dying shortly after live release, a finding that has significant implications for global shark conservation.[18] In collaboration with other shark biologists, his satellite tagging results have helped revise our understanding of the highly migratory nature of pelagic shark species and the implication for high seas management.[19] [20]

In the broader field of fish population dynamics, Campana’s research has demonstrated that both marine and freshwater fish species in the polar regions are gradually shifting their distributions and productivity to compensate for warming waters,[21] [22] while his research on long-term growth trends have underlined the dominant influence of fishing and the environment at the century scale. [23]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Steven Campana. scholar.google.com.
  2. Web site: University of Iceland–Steven Campana.
  3. Web site: Theses | Department of Zoology at UBC. zoology.ubc.ca.
  4. Web site: Steve Campana, former DFO biologist, glad 'illogical' muzzling of scientists ending.
  5. Web site: Legends | Canadian Aquatic Resources Section. cars.fisheries.org.
  6. Book: Otolith microstructure examination and analysis . 1992 . Dep. of Fisheries and Oceans . 978-0-660-14747-5 . Stevenson . David K. . Canadian special publication of fisheries and aquatic sciences . Ottawa . Campana.
  7. Book: Recent developments in fish otolith research . 1995 . Published for the Belle W. Baruch Institute for Marine Biology and Coastal Research by the University of South Carolina Press . 978-1-57003-011-6 . Secor . David H. . The Belle W. Baruch library in marine science . Columbia, S.C . Dean . John M. . Campana . Steven E. . Belle W. Baruch Institute for Marine Biology and Coastal Research.
  8. Book: Campana, Steven E. . Photographic atlas of fish otoliths of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean . 2004 . National Research Council Canada . 978-0-660-19108-9 . Canadian special publication of fisheries and aquatic sciences . Ottawa.
  9. Branch . Trevor A . Linnell . Allison E . 2016 . What makes some fisheries references highly cited? . Fish and Fisheries . en . 17 . 4 . 1094–1133 . 10.1111/faf.12160 . 1467-2960.
  10. Campana . S. E. . 2001 . Accuracy, precision and quality control in age determination, including a review of the use and abuse of age validation methods . Journal of Fish Biology . en . 59 . 2 . 197–242 . 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00127.x . 0022-1112.
  11. Campana . Steven E. . Neilson . John D. . 1985 . Microstructure of Fish Otoliths . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences . en . 42 . 5 . 1014–1032 . 10.1139/f85-127 . 0706-652X.
  12. Campana . Steven E. . 1999 . Chemistry and composition of fish otoliths:pathways, mechanisms and applications . Marine Ecology Progress Series . en . 188 . 263–297 . 10.3354/meps188263 . 0171-8630.
  13. Campana . Steven E . Thorrold . Simon R . 2001 . Otoliths, increments, and elements: keys to a comprehensive understanding of fish populations? . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences . en . 58 . 1 . 30–38 . 10.1139/f00-177 . 0706-652X.
  14. Jónsdóttir . Ingibjörg G. . Campana . Steven E. . Marteinsdottir . Gudrun . 2006 . Otolith shape and temporal stability of spawning groups of Icelandic cod (Gadus morhua L.) . ICES Journal of Marine Science . en . 63 . 8 . 1501–1512 . 10.1016/j.icesjms.2006.05.006 . 1095-9289. free .
  15. Campana . Steven . 2010 . POPULATION DYNAMICS OF PORBEAGLE IN THE NORTHWEST ATLANTIC, WITH AN ASSESSMENT OF STATUS TO 2009 AND PROJECTIONS FOR RECOVERY . . 65 . 6 . 2109–2182.
  16. Campana . Steven E. . 2014 . AGE DETERMINATION OF ELASMOBRANCHS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MEDITERRANEAN SPECIES: A TECHNICAL MANUAL . General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Studies and Reviews; Rome . 94 . 1–38. .
  17. Ong . Joyce J. L. . Meekan . Mark G. . Hsu . Hua Hsun . Fanning . L. Paul . Campana . Steven E. . 2020 . Annual Bands in Vertebrae Validated by Bomb Radiocarbon Assays Provide Estimates of Age and Growth of Whale Sharks . Frontiers in Marine Science . 7 . 10.3389/fmars.2020.00188 . free . 2296-7745. 20.500.11815/2381 . free .
  18. Campana . Steven E. . Joyce . Warren . Fowler . Mark . Showell . Mark . 2016 . Discards, hooking, and post-release mortality of porbeagle (Lamna nasus), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), and blue shark (Prionace glauca) in the Canadian pelagic longline fishery . ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil . en . 73 . 2 . 520–528 . 10.1093/icesjms/fsv234 . 1054-3139.
  19. Campana . Steven E. . 2016 . Transboundary movements, unmonitored fishing mortality, and ineffective international fisheries management pose risks for pelagic sharks in the Northwest Atlantic . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences . en . 73 . 10 . 1599–1607 . 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0502 . 0706-652X.
  20. Queiroz . Nuno . Humphries . Nicolas E. . Couto . Ana . Vedor . Marisa . da Costa . Ivo . Sequeira . Ana M. M. . Mucientes . Gonzalo . Santos . António M. . Abascal . Francisco J. . Abercrombie . Debra L. . Abrantes . Katya . Acuña-Marrero . David . Afonso . André S. . Afonso . Pedro . Anders . Darrell . 2019 . Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries . Nature . en . 572 . 7770 . 461–466 . 10.1038/s41586-019-1444-4 . 31340216 . 0028-0836.
  21. Campana . Steven E. . Stefánsdóttir . Ragnhildur B. . Jakobsdóttir . Klara . Sólmundsson . Jón . 2020 . Shifting fish distributions in warming sub-Arctic oceans . Scientific Reports . en . 10 . 1 . 16448 . 10.1038/s41598-020-73444-y . 2045-2322 . 7536214 . 33020548.
  22. Campana . Steven E. . Casselman . John M. . Jones . Cynthia M. . Black . Gerald . Barker . Oliver . Evans . Marlene . Guzzo . Matthew M. . Kilada . Raouf . Muir . Andrew M. . Perry . Robert . 2020 . Arctic freshwater fish productivity and colonization increase with climate warming . Nature Climate Change . en . 10 . 5 . 428–433 . 10.1038/s41558-020-0744-x . 1758-678X.
  23. Denechaud . Côme . Smoliński . Szymon . Geffen . Audrey J. . Godiksen . Jane A. . Campana . Steven E. . 2020 . A century of fish growth in relation to climate change, population dynamics and exploitation . Global Change Biology . en . 26 . 10 . 5661–5678 . 10.1111/gcb.15298 . 32741054 . 1354-1013. 20.500.11815/2187 . free .

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