| Stung Treng | |
| Official Name: | Stung Treng Province |
| Native Name Lang: | khm |
| Settlement Type: | Province |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Stung Treng in Cambodia |
| Coordinates: | 13.5167°N 162°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Established Title: | Provincial status |
| Established Date: | 1907 |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Stung Treng |
| Parts Type: | Subdivisions |
| Parts: | 1 municipality; 5 districts |
| Leader Title: | Governor |
| Leader Name: | Sor Soputra |
| Leader Title1: | National Assembly |
| Area Total Km2: | 11092 |
| Area Rank: | Ranked 8th |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 182,114 |
| Population Rank: | 21st |
| Population Density Rank: | 23rd |
| Population As Of: | 2023 |
| Population Density Km2: | 14 |
| Demographics Type1: | Demographics |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Language(s) |
| Timezone: | ICT |
| Utc Offset: | +07:00 |
| Area Code Type: | Dialing code |
| Area Code: | +855 |
| Iso Code: | KH-19 |
Stung Treng[2] (Central Khmer: ស្ទឹងត្រែង, UNGEGN: Stœ̆ng Trêng in Central Khmer pronounced as /stɨŋ traeŋ/; Lao: ຊຽງແຕງ,, in Lao pronounced as /sía̯ŋ tɛ̀ːŋ/; lit. "River of Reeds") is a province of Cambodia in the northeast. It borders the provinces of Ratanakiri to the east, Mondulkiri and Kratié to the south and Kampong Thom and Preah Vihear to the west. Its northern boundary is Cambodia's international border with Laos. The Mekong River bisects the province. The province is mostly covered by forest, but logging and fishing put high pressure on the forest and fishery reserves.[3]
Originally, Stung Treng was named "Tonle Ropov (Khmer: ទន្លេរពៅ), which is now an area in Stung Treng called "Tonle Ropov Area" (Khmer: តំបន់ទន្លេរពៅ).
The name “Satung Teng (Khmer: សាទឹងទែង)" was founded by a monk named "Seang Peng (Khmer: សៀង ប៉េង) from Vientiane. The words “Satung Teng" have changed to "Xiang Taeng (Khmer: សៀងទែង). In Lao, the word "Xiang" means "goddess" who has resigned, while the word “Taeng” means "built".
Due to advancement in the Khmer language, it was later called "Stung Treng (Khmer: ស្ទឹងត្រែង)" which means a river of reeds.[4]
Stung Treng was first a part of the Khmer Empire, then the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang, and later the Lao kingdom of Champasak. After the Franco-Siamese crisis of 1893, Chiang Taeng (Stung Treng) was administered by French Lower Laos from 1893 to 1904. In 1904 French Laos traded the province to the French Protectorate of Cambodia in exchange for Champassak, leaving a small Laotian minority in Cambodia.
Owing to its border location and the forested mountains in the northeast of the province, it was a hotbed of communist insurgent activity—and a target for U.S. bombs in the 1960s and 70s.[5] The insurgency lasted from the Vietnamese infiltration in the 1950s until the late Khmer Rouge years.[6]
Stung Treng province, which covers an area of 11,092 square kilometers borders Laos to the north, Ratanakiri to the east, Preah Vihear to the west and Kratié and Kampong Thom to the south.[7]
Extensive forests, intersecting rivers and streams characterize it. Stung Treng includes also the western chunk of the massive Virachey National Park, accessible from Siem Pang. The province also features three big rivers—the Sekong River, the Sesan River and the Mekong—with its hundreds of small islands scattered on the river stretch in Stung Treng.[8]
Until February 2022, it was one of the few provinces where you could see the rare and endangered Irrawaddy dolphin in the wild near the Laos border, Borei O’Svay Sen Chey District and Anlong Cheuteal in Stung Treng. The population has likely vanished due to illegal fishing in the area.[9] [10]
In Stung Treng, the wet season is oppressive and overcast, the dry season is muggy and partly cloudy, and it is hot year-round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 20 °C (67 °F) to 38 °C (100 °F) and is rarely below 16 °C (61 °F) or above 40 °C (105 °F).[11]
On average, much rain (rainy season) falls in May, June, July, August, and September—the wettest season, with precipitation of 304.3 mm[12] —and October. Stung Treng has dry periods in January, February and December—with January being the driest month. The warmest month is April with an average temperature of 35 °C (95 °F). The coldest month is January with an average temperature of 18 °C (64 °F).[13]
Stung Treng's economy is solely based on agriculture. Various plantations such as timber, rubber and cash nuts are built all over the province. 85% of the population lives in rural parts of the province and depend on agriculture for their source of income. Animal breeding, fishing and silk weaving are also important industries in the province.[14]
The Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation found a mineralized belt of copper and zinc in the province in 2019, and plans to step up further exploration with a Japanese partner to extract the minerals. The exploration site is about 260 kilometres north of Phnom Penh.[15]
The province is divided into 5 districts, 1 municipality, 34 communes, and 128 villages.
| ISO code | District | Khmer | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19-01 | Sesan | Central Khmer: ស្រុកសេសាន | |
| 19-02 | Siem Bouk | Central Khmer: ស្រុកសៀមបូក | |
| 19-03 | Siem Pang | Central Khmer: ស្រុកសៀមប៉ាង | |
| 19-04 | Stung Treng Municipality | Central Khmer: ក្រុងស្ទឹងត្រែង | |
| 19-05 | Thala Barivat | Central Khmer: ស្រុកថាឡាបរិវ៉ាត់ | |
| 19-06 | Borei O'Svay Sen Chey | Central Khmer: ស្រុកបុរីអូរស្វាយសែនជ័យ[16] |
2 districts Siem Bouk and Thala Barivat in west Mekong River