Stenocarpus Explained

Stenocarpus is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae. They are trees or shrubs with variably-shaped leaves, zygomorphic, bisexual flowers, the floral tube opening on the lower side before separating into four parts, followed by fruit that is usually a narrow oblong or cylindrical follicle.

Description

Plants in the genus Stenocarpus are trees or shrubs with leaves that may be simple, compound or lobed, depending on the species. The flowers are arranged in umbels or racemes at or near the ends of branches and are zygomorphic and bisexual. Four tepals form a flower tube that opens on the lower side at first before separating into four with a spherical end, there are four sessile anthers, the single carpel is stalked and the pollen presenter is an oblique, flattened disc. The fruit is a follicle that usually opens by splitting down one side and contains up to fifty seeds.[1] [2] [3]

Taxonomy

The genus Stenocarpus was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London.[4] [5] The name Stenocarpus means "narrow fruit", referring to the long follicles of most species.

Species list

The following is a list of Stenocarpus species accepted by Plants of the World Online as at September 2021:[6]

Distribution

Twelve species of Stenocarpus are endemic to New Caledonia. Of the ten species found in Australia, eight are endemic, occurring in New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Australia. A further two species, S. moorei and S. sinuatus also occur in New Guinea and the Aru Islands.[7] [8]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Foreman . Donald B. . Stenocarpus . Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra . 10 September 2021.
  2. Web site: Harden . Gwen J. . Stenocarpus . Royal Botanic Garden Sydney . 10 September 2021.
  3. Web site: Stenocarpus . Northern Territory Government . 10 September 2021.
  4. Web site: Stenocarpus. APNI. 9 September 2021.
  5. Brown . Robert . On the Proteaceae of Jussieu . Transactions of the Linnean Society of London . 1811 . 10 . 1 . 201 . 9 September 2021.
  6. Web site: Stenocarpus . Plants of the World Online . 9 September 2021.
  7. Morat . P. . Jaffré . T. . Tronchet . F. . Munzinger . J. . Pillon . Y. . Veillon . J.-M. . Chalopin . M. . Dec 2012 . 27 May 2014 . The taxonomic database "Florical" and characteristics of the indigenous Flora of New Caledonia . Adansonia . sér. 3 . 34 . 2 . 177–219 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150923193901/http://www.botanique.nc/images/pdf/Florical%2027_V_2014.pdf . 2015-09-23 . 19 Dec 2013 .
  8. Virot, R. (1967). Protéacées. In Flore de La Nouvelle-Calédonie et Dépendances, edited by A. Aubréville, 2:1–254. Paris: Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle.