Stenanthera Explained

Stenanthera is a genus of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. Most are low shrubs with leaves that are paler on the lower surface, tube-shaped flowers and with the fruit a drupe. There are three species, formerly included in the genus Astroloma.

Description

Plants in the genus Stenanthera are mainly low shrubs with leaves that are paler on the lower surface where the veins are almost parallel to palmate. The flowers are borne in leaf axils and have both male and female organs. There are bracts and bracteoles and the base of the flower and the petals are joined to form a more or less cylindrical tube. The petal lobes are triangular to egg-shaped and erect or turned backwards, usually with hairs on the inner side. The anthers protrude from the petal tube but are hidden by the petal lobes. The style is thread-like and equal in length to, or longer than the petal tube. The fruit is a drupe with a hard endocarp.[1]

Taxonomy and naming

The genus Stenanthera was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen. The type species is S. pinifolia.[2] [3] In 1868, George Bentham transferred the genus to Astroloma as Astroloma sect. Stenanthera in Flora Australiensis[4] [5] but following genetic studies in 2013, the genus Stenanthera was resurrected.[6] The name of the genus comes from ancient Greek words meaning "narrow" and "flower".[7]

Species list

The following species names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census as at January 2020:

Distribution

Stenanthera species are found south-western Western Australia[11] [12] and in south-eastern Australia.[13] [14]

Use in horticulture

Stenantheras are difficult to grow and maintain in a garden but S. pinifolia can be propagated from cuttings and grown in well-drained soil in a semi-shaded position.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Messina . Andre . Stenanthera . Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria . 18 March 2020.
  2. Web site: Stenanthera. APNI. 18 March 2020.
  3. Book: Brown . Robert . Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et insulae Van-Diemen, exhibens characteres plantarum quas annis 1802-1805 . 1810 . R. Taylor et socii . London . 538 . 18 March 2020.
  4. Web site: Astroloma sect. Stenanthera. APNI. 18 March 2020.
  5. Book: Bentham . George . von Mueller . Ferdinand . Flora Australiensis (Volume 4) . 1868 . v. 4 . Lovell Reeve & Co. . London . 152, 158 . 18 March 2020.
  6. Web site: Stenanthera pinifolia . Australian Native Plants Society (Australia) . 18 March 2020.
  7. Book: Francis Aubie Sharr . Francis Aubie Sharr . Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings . 2019 . Four Gables Press . Kardinya, Western Australia . 9780958034180 . 115.
  8. Web site: Stenanthera conostephioides . Australian Plant Census . 15 January 2020.
  9. Web site: Stenanthera pinifolia . Australian Plant Census . 15 January 2020.
  10. Web site: Stenanthera pungens . Australian Plant Census . 15 January 2020.
  11. Web site: Brachyloma geissoloma (F.Muell.) Cranfield. Atlas of Living Australia. 13 January 2015.
  12. Web site: Astroloma R.Br.Cranberry Heath. Atlas of Living Australia. 13 January 2015.
  13. Web site: Astroloma conostephioides. Electronic Flora of South Australia. 13 January 2015.
  14. Web site: New South Wales Flora online. Powell. J.M.. 1992. National Herbarium of NSW. 13 January 2015.