Stena Line Explained
Stena Line is a Swedish shipping line company and one of the largest ferry operators in the world. It services Denmark, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Latvia, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Finland and Sweden. Stena Line is a major unit of Stena AB, itself a part of the Stena Sphere. It is a sister company to one of the world's leading tanker company Stena Bulk.
History
Formation
Stena Line was founded in 1962 by Sten A. Olsson in Gothenburg, Sweden, which still serves as the company's headquarters, when he acquired Skagenlinjen between Gothenburg and Frederikshavn, Denmark.
In 1972, Stena Line was one of the first ferry operators in Europe to introduce a computer-based reservation system for the travel business area. In 1978, the freight business area also started operating a computer-based reservation system.
Freight
The first freight-focused route[1] started between Gothenburg, Sweden, and Kiel, Germany. The ship was the MS Stena Transporter.
North Sea
During the 1980s, Stena acquired three other ferry companies.
- 1981, Sessan Line, Stena's biggest competitor on Sweden–Denmark routes, was acquired and incorporated into Stena Line.[2] This included Sessan's two large newbuilds, Kronprinsessan Victoria and, which became the largest ships operated by Stena by that date.
- 1983, Stena acquired Varberg-Grenå Linjen, and two years later also the right to that company's former name, Lion Ferry. Lion Ferry continued as a separate marketing company until 1997, when it was incorporated into Stena Line.[3]
- 1989, Stena acquired yet another ferry company, Stoomvaart Maatschappij Zeeland (SMZ) (which at the time traded under the name Crown Line). SMZ's Hook of Holland–Harwich route then became a part of Stena Line.[4]
North America
- 1988, July - Stena Line purchased the British Columbia Steamship Co., operators of a Victoria–Seattle route.[5]
- 1990, November - The Victoria–Seattle run was permanently cancelled, and the local company ceased trading.[6]
Irish Sea
In 1990, Stena Line doubled in size with the acquisition of Sealink British Ferries from Sea Containers. This first became Sealink Stena Line, then Stena Sealink Line and finally Stena Line (UK), which now operates all of Stena's ferry services between Great Britain and Ireland.In 1996, Stena Line introduced its 20,000 tonne HSS (High-speed Sea Service) vessels, which operated: Belfast–Stranraer; Holyhead–Dún Laoghaire and Hook of Holland–Harwich. In addition to the three 1,500-passenger HSS vessels, Stena Line ordered two smaller 900-passenger HSS vessels to operate on the Gothenburg–Frederikshavn route. Due to the bankruptcy of the shipyard, only the first of these vessels was ever completed.
English Channel
In 1998, Stena's operations from Dover and Newhaven formed a joint venture with P&O European Ferries as P&O Stena Line, owned 40% and 60% respectively. In 2002, P&O acquired all of Stena's shares in the company, thus becoming the sole owner of P&O Stena Line, which soon changed its name to P&O Ferries.
Further expansion
In 2000, Stena Line purchased yet another Scandinavian ferry operator: Scandlines AB.
In November 2006, Stena ordered a pair of "super ferries" with a gross tonnage of 62,000 from Aker Yards, Germany for delivery in 2010, with an option for two more ships of the same design.[7] The new ferries will be amongst the largest in the world,[8] to be operated on Stena's North Sea route from Hook of Holland to Harwich. The existing ships from the North Sea were to be moved to the Kiel–Gothenborg route, whereas the ships from Kiel would transfer to the Gdynia to Karlskrona route. The new ferries were launched in 2010, with Stena Hollandica entering service on 16 May 2010, and Stena Britannica planned to enter service in the autumn of 2010.[9]
Acquisitions and closures
- 2008, May - The company moved its Belfast Terminal from Albert Quay to the new VT4. This has reduced the length of the crossing to Stranraer by ten minutes.
- 2009, July - Stena Line announced that it had repurchased its former ship, Stena Parisien, from SeaFrance. The ship was renamed Stena Navigator after a comprehensive refit. She was then introduced on the Stranraer to Belfast route, alongside HSS Stena Voyager and Stena Caledonia.
- 2010, December - Stena Line announced it had acquired the Northern Irish operations of DFDS Seaways. The sale includes the Belfast to Heysham & Birkenhead routes, two vessels from the Heysham route (Scotia Seaways & Hibernia Seaways) and two chartered vessels from the Birkenhead route (&).[10] The Fleetwood to Larne route ended on 24 December 2010.
- 2011, November 21 - Stena Line introduced the Stena Superfast VII and Stena Superfast VIII to replace the Stena Navigator and Stena Caledonia on the Belfast–Cairnryan route. It was announced that the Stena Voyager would be removed from service on 20 November 2011. It was later sold to Stena Recycling and sent for scrapping in May 2013. The two new vessels were initially chartered from Tallink before Stena bought them in 2017.
- 2014, February 26 - it was announced that Stena Line would acquire the Celtic Link ferry service from Rosslare to Cherbourg, France. It was also agreed to take over the charter of their vessel Celtic Horizon, which was renamed Stena Horizon.[11]
- 2019, February - A joint venture with Hyundai Glovis has been announced and approved by the European Commission, for the implementation of a new cooperative short sea intra-European waters service in between the two carriers, for the sea transport of transhipment cargo originating from South Korea.[12]
- 2020, March 14 - due to the Coronavirus outbreak, the company suspended operations between Oslo and Frederikshavn temporarily until further notice due to travel restrictions in Denmark and Norway, the routes sole ship the MS Stena Saga was sent to Gothenburg where she arrived on 16 March 2020 where the company later confirmed it would be making 950 redundancies in Sweden as a result of Coronavirus. The company then later announced on 19 March 2020 that it was going to permanently suspend and close operations on the Oslo–Frederikshavn service due to the lack of profitability, where Stena announced that due to Coronavirus it was unlikely able to see it turn a profit during the whole year when the service is totally dependent on the summer season. The future of Stena Saga remains uncertain and remained laid up in Gothenburg (since end of 2021 she has been anchored near Manila, Philippines).
- 2020 – 2021 - After being replaced by two new e-flexers, MV Stena Embla and MV Stena Edda, on the Belfast to Birkenhead route MV Stena Mersey and MV Stena Lagan proceeded to Tuzla, Turkey for a major refit. This included lengthening by, adding full drive through capabilities on two decks, full interior renovation and adding fuel scrubbers to reduce emissions. They entered service on the Nynäshamn to Ventspils route as MV Stena Baltica and MV Stena Scandica respectively.[13] [14]
- 2021, February – May - Due to a shift in travel demand, MV Stena Estrid swapped with MV Stena Horizon giving additional capacity to the Rosslare to Cherbourg route. This is after MV Stena Estrid operated a temporary route between Dublin and Cherbourg in January 2021.
- 2021, April - Stena introduced MV Stena Livia, which has been owned by Stena RoRo since 2012, on the Nynäshamn to Ventspils route alongside sister ship MV Stena Flavia. Later in the year they were transferred to the Travemünde to Liepāja route after being replaced by the newly refurbished MV Stena Baltica and MV Stena Scandica.[15]
- 2021, June – July - Due to a shift in travel demand, MV Stena Estrid operated a temporary route between Holyhead and Belfast.[16]
- 2022, February 1 - Stena introduced the Nynäshamn - Hanko route initially with MV Urd as a cargo vessel then additionally with MV Stena Gothica from May 2022.[17]
- 2023, June 30 - Stena transferred MV Stena Vision to their Rosslare to Cherbourg route, greatly increasing the passenger capacity and doubling the passenger sailings on the route. She replaced the chartered freight vessel MV Seatruck Panorama.[18] She was replaced by the new MV Stena Ebba on her previous route Karlskrona to Gdynia.
- 2023, October 9 - Stena announced they will be closing the Nynäshamn to Hanko on 20 October 2023, with the vessels being transferred within their fleet or going up on the charter market.[19]
- 2023, October - Stena bought MV Frijsenborg, renaming her MV Stena Forwarder during a refit in Ostend.[20] She entered service on the Birkenhead to Belfast route on 2 November 2023, replacing MV Stena Foreteller.[21]
- 2023, December 15 - Stena confirmed their intention to open a Dublin to Birkenhead route, replacing the P&O's service which they ceased operating on 21 December 2023 with MV Norbank. On 19 February 2024, Stena Line initiated its new freight-only route from Dublin to Birkenhead, the Stena Horizon will be temporarily used on this route as a permanent vessel solution is being considered.[22] [23] [24]
- 2024, March 8 - Stena announced that they sold MV Urd to Sea Lines for an undisclosed amount. Delivery is to take place in May 2024 for services between Turkey and Romania.[25] [26]
Routes
Irish Sea
North Sea
Scandinavia
Baltic Sea
Laid up or chartered out
Fleet
Current ships
| Name | Built | Gross Tonnage | Passengers | Notes | Images |
|---|
| 2003 | 43,532 | 1,500 | | |
| Stena Baltica (formerly Stena Mersey) | 2005 | 26,500 (as built) | 980 | Lengthened in 2020. | |
| 2010 | 63,039 | 1,200 | | |
| 1983 | 15,899 | 2,300 | | |
| 2022 | 45,000 | 1,200 | The Fifth E-Flexer Class ship for Stena Line. | |
| 2019 | 41,671 | 927 | The second E-Flexer Class ship for Stena Line. | |
| Stena Embla | 2020 | 41,671 | 927 | The third E-Flexer Class ship for Stena Line. | |
| 2022 | 45,000 | 1,200 | The Fourth E-Flexer Class ship for Stena Line. | |
| 2019 | 40,500 | 927 | The first E-Flexer Class ship for Stena Line. | |
| 1981 | 24,828 | 1,400 | | |
| Stena Flavia | 2008 | 26,904 | 830 | | |
| 2003 | 24,688 | 12 | | |
| 2003 | 24,688 | 12 | | |
| Stena Foreteller | 2003 | 24,688 | 12 | | |
| Stena Forwarder | 2016 | 21,966 | 12 | | |
| 2001 | 51,837[32] | 1,300 | | |
| Stena Gothica | 1981 | 13,294 | 186 | Rebuilt 1991/1993/2001 | |
| Stena Hibernia | 1996 | 13,017 | 12 | | |
| 2010 | 63,039 | 1,200 | | |
| 2006 | 27,552 | 972 | | |
| 1996 | 29,691 | 1,500 | | |
| 2008 | 26,904 | 880 | | |
| 1986 | 11,763 | 663 | | |
| 2000 | 24,206 | 405 | Rebuilt in 2023 | |
| Stena Scandica (formerly Stena Lagan) | 2005 | 26,500 (as built) | 980 | Lengthened in 2021. | |
| 2003 | 55,050 | 900 | | |
| Stena Scotia | 1996 | 13,600 | 12 | | |
| 1988 | 39,193 | 1,700 | | |
| 2001 | 30,285 | 1,200 | Stena took ownership from Tallink in December 2017. | |
| 2001 | 30,285 | 1,200 | Stena took ownership from Tallink in December 2017. | |
| Stena Transit | 2011 | 33,690 | 300 | | |
| Stena Transporter | 2011 | 33,690 | 300 | | |
| 1981 | 39,178 | 1,700 | | |
| Stena Vinga | 2005 | 14,551 | 400 | | |
| 1996 | 37,987 | 600 | | |
| 1998 | 28,960 | 600 | | |
| 1981 | 11,030 | 186 | | |
| | | | | |
Currently chartered vessels
|
| Fionia Sea | 2009 | 25,609 | 12 | | |
| Jutlandia Sea | 2010 | 25,609 | 12 | | |
|
Formerly chartered vessels
|
| POL Maris | 2009 | 29,904 | 12 | | |
| POL Stella (formerly Hatche) | 2009 | 29,004 | 12 | | |
| Seatruck Panorama | 2009 | 14,759 | 12 | Chartered from Seatruck Ferries. | |
| Somerset (formerly Spaarneborg) | 1999 | 21,005 | 12 | | | |
Future fleet
On 10 May 2023, Stena has announced that they had ordered two NewMax freight hybrid freight vessels for the Belfast to Heysham route. They are due to begin service in Autumn 2025, giving a 80% boost in capacity to the current ships at long with 2,800 lane meters. The NewMax vessels will be methanol powered and have built in electrification including for shore power and battery propulsion.[33]
See also
References
Bibliography
- Book: Brogren. Klas. Bergenek. Anders. Sahlsten. Rickard. Stena Line: the story of a ferry company. 2012. Stena Line. Göteborg. 9789186687236.
- Book: Cowsill. Miles. Hendy. John. Haalmeijer. Frank. Harwich-Hoek van Holland: 100 years of service / 100 jaar verdienst. 1993 . Ferry Publications.. Narberth, Pembrokeshire. 1871947154.
- Book: Cowsill. Miles. Hendy. John. Holyhead-Dun Laoghaire: from car ferry to HSS. 1996. Ferry Publications. Narberth, Pembrokeshire. 484331905.
- Book: Cowsill. Miles. Hendy. John. Stena Line: the fleet. 1997. Ferry Publications. Narberth, Pembrokeshire. 1871947448.
- Book: Cowsill, Miles. Fishguard-Rosslare: the official 1906–2006 anniversary book of Stena Line. 2006. Ferry Publications. Ramsey, Isle of Man. 1871947820.
- Book: Cowsill, Miles. Stranraer-Larne: the car-ferry era. 1998. Ferry Publications. Narberth, Pembrokeshire. 1871947405.
- Book: Harvey, W.J.. Stena Gothenburg 1939–1989. 1989. Stena AB. Göteborg. 9185786411.
- Book: Harvey, W.J.. Stena: a group fleet history.. 2006. World Ship Society. Windsor. 0954331079.
- Book: Haws, Duncan. Britain's Railway Steamers: Western & Southern Companies + French & Stena. Merchant Fleets series, no. 24. 1993. TCL Publications. Hereford. 0946378215.
- Book: Haws, Duncan. Britain's Railway Steamers: Eastern & North Western Companies + Zeeland and Stena. Merchant Fleets series, no. 25. 1993. TCL Publications. Hereford. 0946378223.
- Book: Haws, Duncan. Britain's Railway Steamers: Scottish & Irish Companies + Stena and Macbrayne. Merchant Fleets series, no. 26. 1994. TCL Publications. Hereford. 0946378231.
- Book: Hendy, John. Ferries of Dover. 1993. Ferry Publications. Staplehurst, Kent. 0951350692.
- Book: Hendy, John. Ferry Port Dover: the development of cross-channel vehicle ferries, their services and allied infrastructure. 1997. Ferry Publications. Staplehurst, Kent. 1871947472.
- Book: Merrigan. Justin P.. Collard. Ian H.. Holyhead to Ireland: Stena and its Welsh heritage. 2010. Amberley Publishing. Chalford, Gloucestershire. 9781848689589.
- Book: Peter, Bruce. Stena Line: Celebrating 50 years of service. 2012. Ferry Publications. Ramsey, Isle of Man. 9781906608507.
- Book: Sahlsten. Rickard. Söderberg. Bertil. Bång. Krister. Stena Line's Ships 1962–1992. Stena Line. Göteborg. 476605445.
- Book: Widdows, Nick. Stena Line: the fleet. 2011. Ferry Publications. Ramsey, Isle of Man. 9781906608415.
External links
Notes and References
- Chiefly a freight route. However passengers and cars are transported
- Web site: Sessan Linjen . Fakta om Fartyg . sv . 21 September 2007 . https://archive.today/20120801081056/http://www.faktaomfartyg.nu/sessanlinjen.htm . 1 August 2012 . dead.
- Web site: Lion Ferry . Fakta om Fartyg . sv . 21 September 2007 . https://archive.today/20120729150759/http://www.faktaomfartyg.nu/lion_ferry.htm . 29 July 2012 . dead.
- Web site: Stoomvaart Maatschappij Zeeland . Fakta om Fartyg . sv . 21 September 2007 . https://archive.today/20120731163420/http://www.faktaomfartyg.nu/stoomvaart_maatschappij_zeeland.htm . 31 July 2012 . dead.
- Web site: Prince George Citizen . 1 . 15 July 1988 . pgnewspapers.pgpl.ca.
- Web site: Prince George Citizen . 2 . 14 November 1990 . pgnewspapers.pgpl.ca.
- Web site: Press release . Aker Yards . 9 November 2006 . 21 September 2007.
- Web site: Stena Line announces major investment in innovative ferries . Stena Line press release . 21 September 2007.
- News: 'Superferry' in maiden Harwich crossing . . 16 May 2010 . 16 May 2010.
- Web site: DFDS A/S . 3 December 2010 . DFDS sells Irish Sea ferry routes .
- News: Stena Line buys Celtic Link ferry service . 27 February 2014 . RTÉ News . 26 February 2014.
- News: EU gives green light to Stena Hyundai Glovis joint-venture . 12 August 2019 . World Maritime News . 5 February 2019.
- Web site: 27 September 2021 . Two new vessels to join our Baltic Sea fleet next year - Stena Line Freight . 18 October 2023 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: 21 June 2021 . Stena Scandica - Stena Line Freight . 18 October 2023 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: 9 April 2021 . Stena Livia joins the Baltic Sea fleet - Stena Line Freight . 18 October 2023 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: 15 June 2021 . New temporary ferry service between Holyhead and Belfast - Stena Line Freight . 18 October 2023 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: 3 February 2022 . Our new freight route launched on 1 February - Stena Line Freight . 18 October 2023 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: 28 June 2023 . Stena Vision in service on our Rosslare-Cherbourg route - Stena Line Freight . 18 October 2023 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: 6 October 2023 . Discontinuation of our route between Nynäshamn in Sweden and Hanko in Finland from 20 October 2023 - Stena Line Freight . 18 October 2023 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: 1 October 2023 . MV Stena Forwarder (ex Frijsenborg) – Past and Present . 20 October 2023 . Dover Ferry Photos . en-GB.
- Web site: 5 November 2023 . New Stena Line ferry enters Birkenhead to Belfast service - niferry.co.uk . 27 December 2023 . niferry.co.uk . en-GB.
- Web site: 15 December 2023 . Launching new freight route from Dublin to Birkenhead (Liverpool) - Stena Line Freight . 27 December 2023 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: 17 December 2023 . Stena Line confirms launch of new Merseyside to Dublin ferry service - niferry.co.uk . 27 December 2023 . niferry.co.uk . en-GB.
- Web site: 19 February 2024 . Stena Line commences new Irish Sea freight-only route . 23 February 2024 . The Irish News . en.
- Web site: 14 March 2024 . Stena Rederi closes deal to sell the vessel Urd to Sea Lines Ships Monthly . 15 March 2024 . en-GB.
- Web site: 23 September 2012 . MV Urd (ex Seafreight Highway) – Past and Present . 15 March 2024 . Dover Ferry Photos . en-GB.
- Web site: Timetable - Stena Line Freight . 15 March 2024 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: 22 March 2024 . Stena Line boosts capacity on Dublin to Liverpool ferry route - niferry.co.uk . 23 March 2024 . niferry.co.uk . en-GB.
- Web site: 22 March 2024 . Boosting our capacity on our Dublin-Liverpool (Birkenhead) route with freight only vessel - Stena Line Freight . 23 March 2024 . stenalinefreight.com . en-GB.
- Web site: Stena Line to replace Stena Europe with Stena Nordica on Fishguard – Rosslare route - StenaLine.com . 22 March 2023 . stenaline.com . en-US.
- Web site: Stena Forecaster – Stena Roro . 25 September 2023 . stenaroro.com.
- Web site: Stena Line – Our ships . 12 August 2013.
- Web site: Stena Line boosts freight capacity on Irish Sea with two all-new NewMax hybrid vessels - StenaLine.com . 10 May 2023 . stenaline.com . en-US.
