Staurois Explained

Staurois is a small genus of minuscule true frogs. Most species in the genus are restricted to Borneo, but two species are from the Philippines.^{[1] [2]} This genus is a quite ancient member of the true frog family, Ranidae.^[3] They are typically found in or near rapidly flowing, small rocky streams, and are sometimes known as splash frogs or foot-flagging frogs. The latter name refers to their unusual behavior of conspicuously waving their hindlegs and feet, as a way of signalling other members of the species.^{[4] [5]} Similar behavior has also been documented in other frog genera, notably Hylodes and Micrixalus.

Species

The six currently recognized species in the genus are:^[1]

• Staurois guttatus - Borneo; formerly included in S. natator
• Staurois latopalmatus - Borneo
• Staurois natator - Philippines
• Staurois nubilus - Philippines; formerly included in S. natator
• Staurois parvus - Borneo; sometimes included in S. tuberilinguis
• Staurois tuberilinguis - Borneo

References

• Diesmos, A. . Alcala, A. . Brown, R. . Afuang, L. . Gee, G. . Inger, R. . Stuebing, R. . Das, I. . Yambun, P. . Lakim, M. . amp . Staurois natator . . 2004 . e.T58762A115204102 . . 2004 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T58762A11823304.en . 9 January 2018. free .
• Matsui, Masafumi; Mohamed, Maryati; Shimada, Tomohiko & Sudin, Ahmad (2007): Resurrection of Staurois parvus from S. tuberilinguis from Borneo (Amphibia, Ranidae). Zool. Sci. 24(1): 101–106. (HTML abstract)
• Stuart, Bryan L. (2008): The phylogenetic problem of Huia (Amphibia: Ranidae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 46(1): 49–60. (HTMl abstract)

Notes and References

1. Arifin, U., D. T. Iskandar, D. P. Bickford, R. M. Brown, R. Meier, and S. N. Kutty. (2011). Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Staurois (Anura, Ranidae) based on 16S rRNA sequences. Zootaxa 2744: 39–52
2. Matsui et al. (2007)
3. Stuart (2008)
4. Grafe & Wanger (2007). Multimodal Signaling in Male and Female Foot-Flagging Frogs Staurois guttatus (Ranidae): An Alerting Function of Calling. Ehology 113(8): 772–781.
5. Grafe, Preininger, Sztatecsny, Kasah, Dehling, Proksch & Höd (2012). Multimodal Communication in a Noisy Environment: A Case Study of the Bornean Rock Frog Staurois parvus. PLoS ONE,