In the wake of the 2007 financial crisis Germany's stock of gross financial assets increasedsignificantly, turning it into the second largest stock among OECD countries after the US.[1] Yet research has shown that the more that the government owns of an enterprise, the more extreme the level of tax avoidance.[2]
| Company | share | direct Owner | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autobahn GmbH des Bundes | full ownership | Germany | Operator of the German express way network. | |
| Deutsche Bahn | full ownership | Germany | ||
| DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung GmbH | full ownership | Germany | ||
| Hapag Lloyd | 23.2% | Hamburg | ||
| Airbus/EADS | 12%[3] | 28% total with France and Spain | ||
| Commerzbank | 15,6% | KfW | ||
| Volkswagen Group | 12.7% | Lower-Saxony | 20% of voting rights | |
| KfW Bank | 100% | following assets amounting to a worth of $70.6Bn | ||
| Deutsche Telekom and T-Mobile | 14.5% | Germany | (directly) | |
| 17.4% | KfW | (indirectly) | ||
| Deutsche Post (DHL Group) | 25.5% | KfW | Assets including DHL and Deutsche Postbank are therefore also partially owned by the government | |
| Hypo Real Estate | 100% | SoFFin | Seized by SoFFin in 2009 to restore financial stability to the German housing market | |
| Bundesdruckerei | 100% | Federal Print Office, Renationalised in 2013 | ||
| RAG AG | 100% | RAG-Stiftung | RAG-Stiftung is a foundation held by the federal republic and the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Saarland | |
| Evonik Industries | 58,9%[4] | RAG-Stiftung | RAG-Stiftung is a foundation held by the federal republic and the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Saarland | |
| Uniper | 99% | Germany | Emergency rescue in 2022[5] |
Note that many smaller State owned enterprises are owned by individual states of Germany such as TransnetBW and Rothaus (State Brewery of Baden).
On a local and regional level, public transport is often operated by SOE, such as BVB (Berlin), Hochbahn (Hamburg) or LVB (Leipzig). Power generation, water and gas supply were until the 1990s often publicly owned (Stadtwerke) - the picture is much more diverse today, involving often forms of PPP, but with the local governments still exercising considerable control.