Staphylococcus intermedius explained

Staphylococcus intermedius is a Gram-positive, catalase positive member of the bacterial genus Staphylococcus consisting of clustered cocci. Strains of this species were originally isolated from the anterior nares of pigeons, dogs, cats, mink, and horses. Many of the isolated strains show coagulase activity.[1] Clinical tests for detection of methicillin-resistant S. aureus may produce false positives by detecting S. intermedius, as this species shares some phenotypic traits with methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains.[2] It has been theorized that S. intermedius has previously been misidentified as S. aureus in human dog bite wound infections,[3] which is why molecular technologies such as MALDI-TOF and PCR are preferred in modern veterinary clinical microbiology laboratories for their more accurate identifications over biochemical tests.[4] [5] S. intermedius is largely phenotypically indiscriminate from Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus delphini, and therefore the three organisms are considered to be included in the more general 'Staphylococcus intermedius group'.[6]

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Notes and References

  1. Hájek. V.. Staphylococcus intermedius, a New Species Isolated from Animals. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 1 October 1976. 26. 4. 401–408. 10.1099/00207713-26-4-401. free.
  2. Pottumarthy. S. Schapiro, JM . Prentice, JL . Houze, YB . Swanzy, SR . Fang, FC . Cookson, BT . Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus intermedius masquerading as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. December 2004. 42. 12. 5881–4. 10.1128/JCM.42.12.5881-5884.2004. 15583331 . 535261.
  3. Talan. D. A.. Goldstein. E. J.. Staatz. D.. Overturf. G. D.. April 1989. Staphylococcus intermedius: clinical presentation of a new human dog bite pathogen. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 18. 4. 410–413. 10.1016/s0196-0644(89)80582-7. 0196-0644. 2705672.
  4. Decristophoris. Paola. Fasola. Amy. Benagli. Cinzia. Tonolla. Mauro. Petrini. Orlando. 2011-02-01. Identification of Staphylococcus intermedius Group by MALDI-TOF MS. Systematic and Applied Microbiology. Special Issue - Applications of MALDI-TOF MS for the Identification and Typing of Microorganisms. en. 34. 1. 45–51. 10.1016/j.syapm.2010.11.004. 21300509 . 0723-2020.
  5. Sasaki. Takashi. Tsubakishita. Sae. Tanaka. Yoshikazu. Sakusabe. Arihito. Ohtsuka. Masayuki. Hirotaki. Shintaro. Kawakami. Tetsuji. Fukata. Tsuneo. Hiramatsu. Keiichi. 2010-03-01. Multiplex-PCR Method for Species Identification of Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. en. 48. 3. 765–769. 2832457 . 10.1128/JCM.01232-09. 0095-1137. 20053855. free.
  6. Chanchaithong. Pattrarat. Prapasarakul. Nuvee. 2011-08-01. Biochemical markers and protein pattern analysis for canine coagulase-positive staphylococci and their distribution on dog skin. Journal of Microbiological Methods. en. 86. 2. 175–181. 10.1016/j.mimet.2011.04.019. 21586304 . 0167-7012.

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