Stanley Kubrick filmography explained

Stanley Kubrick (1928–1999)[1] directed thirteen feature films and three short documentaries over the course of his career. His work as a director, spanning diverse genres, is widely regarded as extremely influential.[2] [3] [4]

Kubrick made his directorial debut in 1951 with the documentary short Day of the Fight, followed by Flying Padre later that year. In 1953, he directed his first feature film, Fear and Desire.[5] The anti-war allegory's themes reappeared in his later films.[6] His next works were the film noir pictures Killer's Kiss (1955) and The Killing (1956).[7] Critic Roger Ebert praised The Killing and retrospectively called it Kubrick's "first mature feature".[7] Kubrick then directed two Hollywood films starring Kirk Douglas: Paths of Glory (1957) and Spartacus (1960).[8] [9] The latter won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama.[10] His next film was Lolita (1962), an adaptation of Vladimir Nabokov's novel of the same name.[11] It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.[12] His 1964 film, the Cold War satire Dr. Strangelove featuring Peter Sellers and George C. Scott,[13] received the BAFTA Award for Best Film.[14] Along with The Killing, it remains the highest rated film directed by Kubrick according to Rotten Tomatoes.

In 1968, Kubrick directed the space epic 2001: A Space Odyssey. Now widely regarded as among the most influential films ever made,[15] 2001 garnered Kubrick his only personal Academy Award for his work as director of special effects.[16] His next project, the dystopian A Clockwork Orange (1971), was an initially X-rated adaptation of Anthony Burgess' 1962 novella.[17] [18] After reports of crimes inspired by the film's depiction of "ultra-violence", Kubrick had it withdrawn from distribution in the United Kingdom. Kubrick then directed the period piece Barry Lyndon (1975), in a departure from his two previous futuristic films.[19] It did not perform well commercially and received mixed reviews, but won four Oscars at the 48th Academy Awards.[20] [21] In 1980, Kubrick adapted a Stephen King novel into The Shining, starring Jack Nicholson and Shelley Duvall. Although Kubrick was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Director,[22] The Shining is now widely regarded as one of the greatest horror films ever made.[23] [24] [25] Seven years later, he released the Vietnam War film Full Metal Jacket. It remains the highest rated of Kubrick's later films according to Rotten Tomatoes and Metacritic. In the early 1990s, Kubrick abandoned his plans to direct a Holocaust film titled The Aryan Papers. He was hesitant to compete with Steven Spielberg's Schindler's List and had become "profoundly depressed" after working extensively on the project.[26] [27] His final film, the erotic thriller Eyes Wide Shut starring Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman, was released posthumously in 1999.[28] An unfinished project that Kubrick referred to as Pinocchio was completed by Spielberg as A.I. Artificial Intelligence (2001).[29] [30]

In 1997, the Venice Film Festival awarded Kubrick the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement. That same year, he received a Directors Guild of America Lifetime Achievement Award, then called the D.W. Griffith Award.[31] [32] In 1999, the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) presented Kubrick with a Britannia Award.[33] After his death, BAFTA renamed the award in his honor: "The Stanley Kubrick Britannia Award for Excellence in Film".[34] He was posthumously awarded a BAFTA Fellowship in 2000.[35]

Film

Year TitleDirector Writer Producer Notes
1952Fear and DesireAlso editor and cinematographer[36] [37]
1955Killer's Kiss[38]
1956[39]
1957Paths of Glory[40] [41]
1960Spartacus[42]
1962Lolita[43] [44]
1964[45]
1968Also director and designer of special photographic effects[46]
[47] [48]
1971[49] [50]
1975Barry Lyndon[51] [52]
1980[53]
1987Full Metal Jacket[54]
1999Eyes Wide ShutPosthumous release[55] [56]

Documentary short

Year TitleDirector Writer Producer
1951Day of the Fight[57] [58]
Flying Padre[59] [60]
1952World Assembly of Youth?[61] [62]
1953[63]

Other

Television

In 1952, sounds, effects, and music brought the production of Fear and Desire over budget to around $53,000, and Kubrick had to be bailed out by producer Richard de Rochemont, on condition that he work as a second unit director[65] [66] on de Rochemont's production of a James Agee-written Norman Lloyd-co-directed[67] [68] five-part biographic series about Abraham Lincoln for the educational TV series Omnibus, filmed on location in Hodgenville, Kentucky,[69] starring Royal Dano and Joanne Woodward.[70]

Critical response

YearTitleRotten Tomatoes[71] Metacritic[72]
1953Fear and Desire75% (16 reviews)
1955Killer's Kiss86% (21 reviews)
195698% (41 reviews)91 (15 reviews)
1957Paths of Glory95% (60 reviews)90 (18 reviews)
1960Spartacus93% (61 reviews)87 (17 reviews)
1962Lolita91% (43 reviews)79 (14 reviews)
1964Dr. Strangelove98% (91 reviews)97 (32 reviews)
196892% (113 reviews)84 (25 reviews)
197186% (71 reviews)77 (21 reviews)
1975Barry Lyndon91% (74 reviews)89 (21 reviews)
198084% (95 reviews)66 (26 reviews)
1987Full Metal Jacket92% (83 reviews)76 (19 reviews)
1999Eyes Wide Shut75% (158 reviews)68 (34 reviews)

See also

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Holden. Stephen. March 8, 1999. Stanley Kubrick, Film Director With a Bleak Vision, Dies at 70. The New York Times. January 7, 2021. January 4, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210104140207/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/08/movies/stanley-kubrick-film-director-with-a-bleak-vision-dies-at-70.html. live. registration.
  2. Web site: A Fifty-Year Odyssey: How Stanley Kubrick Changed Cinema. Townend. Joe. July 20, 2018. Sotheby's. January 10, 2021. September 27, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200927205339/https://www.sothebys.com/en/articles/a-fifty-year-odyssey-how-stanley-kubrick-changed-cinema. live.
  3. News: Kubrick's Outsized Influence. Koehler. Robert. Fall 2017. DGA Quarterly. Directors Guild Of America. January 10, 2021. January 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180108233516/https://www.dga.org/Craft/DGAQ/All-Articles/1704-Fall-2017/Stanley-Kubrick-Influence.aspx. live.
  4. News: Chilton. Louis. September 29, 2019. Stanley Kubrick's 10 best films – ranked: From A Clockwork Orange to The Shining. The Independent. January 10, 2021. November 20, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201120152438/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/stanley-kubrick-best-films-ranked-clockwork-orange-shining-2001-lolita-a8810811.html. live.
  5. News: Erickson. Steve. October 24, 2012. Stanley Kubrick's First Film Isn't Nearly as Bad as He Thought It Was. The Atlantic. January 7, 2021. January 31, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180131200813/https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2012/10/stanley-kubricks-first-film-isnt-nearly-as-bad-as-he-thought-it-was/264068/. live.
  6. Burgess. Jackson. Autumn 1964. The "Anti-Militarism" of Stanley Kubrick. Film Quarterly. University of California Press. 18. 1. 4–11. 10.2307/1210143. 1210143 . January 22, 2021. subscription.
  7. Web site: Killer's Kiss. Turner Classic Movies. January 18, 2021. October 28, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201028184955/https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/22832/killers-kiss/#overview. live.
  8. News: Truit. Brian. February 5, 2020. Five essential Kirk Douglas movies, from 'Paths of Glory' to (obviously) 'Spartacus'. USA Today. January 7, 2021. February 10, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200210140532/https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/movies/2020/02/05/kirk-douglas-celebrating-spartacus-and-other-essential-movie-roles/4674422002/. live.
  9. News: Alberge. Dalya. November 9, 2020. Stanley Kubrick and Kirk Douglas wanted Doctor Zhivago movie rights. The Guardian. January 22, 2021. January 17, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210117143422/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/nov/09/stanley-kubrick-kirk-douglas-wanted-doctor-zhivago-movie-rights. live.
  10. News: Spartacus. Golden Globe Awards. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. January 7, 2021. March 23, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190323072331/https://www.goldenglobes.com/film/spartacus. live.
  11. Colapinto. John. John Colapinto. January 2, 2015. Nabokov and the Movies. The New Yorker. January 7, 2021. November 28, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201128102815/https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/adapting-nabokov. live. subscription.
  12. Web site: The 35th Academy Awards. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. February 27, 2021.
  13. News: Ebert. Roger. July 11, 1999. Dr. Strangelove. RogerEbert.com. January 7, 2021. December 7, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201207212925/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-dr-strangelove-1964. live.
  14. News: Film in 1965. BAFTA. January 6, 2021. September 9, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190909174810/http://awards.bafta.org/award/1965/film/film. live.
  15. News: Overbye. Dennis. '2001: A Space Odyssey' Is Still the 'Ultimate Trip' – The rerelease of Stanley Kubrick's masterpiece encourages us to reflect again on where we're coming from and where we're going. . https://web.archive.org/web/20180511122838/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/10/science/2001-a-space-odyssey-kubrick.html. May 10, 2018. The New York Times. January 22, 2021. May 11, 2018. live. registration.
  16. News: Child. Ben. September 4, 2014. Kubrick 'did not deserve' Oscar for 2001 says FX master Douglas Trumbull. The Guardian. January 7, 2021. January 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210107222537/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/sep/04/stanley-kubrick-did-not-deserve-oscar-2001-special-effects-douglas-trumbull. live.
  17. News: August 25, 1972. 'Clockwork Orange' To Get an 'R' Rating. The New York Times. January 8, 2021. January 9, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210109022009/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/08/25/archives/-clockwork-orange-to-get-an-r-rating.html. live. registration.
  18. News: McCrum. Robert. April 13, 2015. The 100 best novels: No 82 – A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess (1962). The Guardian. January 8, 2021. August 3, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200803094620/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/apr/13/100-best-novels-clockwork-orange-anthony-burgess. live.
  19. News: Sims. David. October 26, 2017. The Alien Majesty of Kubrick's Barry Lyndon. The Atlantic. January 7, 2021. January 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210107222549/https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2017/10/the-alien-majesty-of-kubricks-barry-lyndon/543993/. live.
  20. News: April 25, 2019. Slow burn: Why the languid Barry Lyndon is Kubrick's masterpiece. BBC. January 7, 2021. January 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210107222509/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/3lWVw91r3xlvZyN10rnhqqj/slow-burn-why-the-languid-barry-lyndon-is-kubrick-s-masterpiece. live.
  21. Web site: The 48th Academy Awards. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. January 7, 2021. July 1, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190701234129/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1976. live.
  22. News: Marsh. Calum. January 13, 2016. The man behind the Razzies: 'Brian de Palma had no talent'. The Guardian. January 7, 2021. November 8, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201108110842/http://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jan/13/razzies-golden-raspberry-film-awards-brian-de-palma. live.
  23. News: Michel. Lincoln. October 22, 2018. The Shining—Maybe the Scariest Movie of All Time—Is on Netflix. GQ. January 7, 2021. November 9, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201109040555/https://www.gq.com/story/the-shining-netflix. live.
  24. News: Billson. Anne. October 22, 2012. The Shining: No 5 best horror film of all time. The Guardian. January 7, 2021. June 13, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200613230343/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/22/shining-kubrick-horror. live.
  25. Greene. Andy. October 8, 2014. Readers' Poll: The 10 Best Horror Movies of All Time. Rolling Stone. January 7, 2021. June 14, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200614032904/https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-lists/readers-poll-the-10-best-horror-movies-of-all-time-155470/the-shining-27714/. live.
  26. News: Pulver. Andrew. April 26, 2019. Stanley Kubrick: film's obsessive genius rendered more human. The Guardian. January 7, 2021. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106203404/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/apr/26/stanley-kubrick-films-obsessive-genius-rendered-more-human. live.
  27. Brody. Richard. March 24, 2011. Archive Fever: Stanley Kubrick and "The Aryan Papers". The New Yorker. January 7, 2021. subscription.
  28. News: Turan. Kenneth. July 16, 1999. 'Eyes' That See Too Much. The Los Angeles Times. January 7, 2021. April 21, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190421112224/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-16-ca-56405-story.html. live. subscription.
  29. News: Ebert. Roger. July 7, 2011. He just wanted to become a real boy. RogerEbert.com. August 14, 2020. May 17, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190517125658/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-ai-artificial-intelligence-2001. live.
  30. News: March 15, 2000. Spielberg will finish Kubrick's artificial intelligence movie. The Guardian. London. August 14, 2020. March 23, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190323040944/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2000/mar/15/news.stevenspielberg. live.
  31. News: Johnson. Ted. February 2, 1997. DGA gives Kubrick D.W. Griffith Award. Variety. January 6, 2021. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106234642/https://variety.com/1997/scene/vpage/dga-gives-kubrick-d-w-griffith-award-1117436122/. live.
  32. Web site: Steven Spielberg to Receive Lifetime Achievement Award, DGA's Highest Honor. Directors Guild of America. January 6, 2021. November 28, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191128130305/https://www.dga.org/News/PressReleases/2000/0131-Steven-Spielberg-to-Receive-Lifetime-Achievement-Award-DGAs-Highest-Honor.aspx. live.
  33. News: Britannia Awards Honorees. BAFTA. January 7, 2021. November 17, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201117123023/http://www.bafta.org/los-angeles/britannia-awards/archive/britannia-awards-honorees. live.
  34. News: Torres. Vanessa. July 21, 1999. BAFTA dubs kudo after Kubrick. Variety. January 7, 2021. March 16, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160316163730/http://variety.com/1999/film/news/bafta-dubs-kudo-after-kubrick-1117744015/. live.
  35. News: Full List of BAFTA Fellows. BAFTA. August 15, 2020. August 28, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200828090524/http://www.bafta.org/about/bafta-fellows. live.
  36. News: French. Phillip. February 2, 2013. Fear and Desire. The Guardian. London. August 17, 2020. May 8, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200508180100/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/feb/03/fear-desire-kubrick-classic-dvd. live.
  37. Web site: Fear and Desire. Turner Classic Movies. August 17, 2020. August 2, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200802052912/http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/453531%7C0/Fear-and-Desire.html. dead.
  38. Web site: Killer's Kiss. Rotten Tomatoes. January 6, 2020. October 4, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191004103605/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/killers_kiss/. live.
  39. News: Ebert. Roger. January 9, 2012. A heist played like a game of chess. RogerEbert.com. August 15, 2020. August 8, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200808041142/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-the-killing-1956. live.
  40. Web site: Paths of Glory. Rotten Tomatoes. January 6, 2021. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106203656/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/paths_of_glory. live.
  41. Web site: Paths of Glory. The Criterion Collection. January 6, 2021. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106203546/https://www.criterion.com/films/27522-paths-of-glory. live.
  42. News: Ebert. Roger. May 3, 1991. Spartacus. RogerEbert.com. August 15, 2020. August 9, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200809092055/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/spartacus-1991. live.
  43. News: Crowther. Bosley. June 14, 1962. Screen: Lolita, Vladimir Nabokov's Adaptation of His Novel:Sue Lyon and Mason in Leading Roles. The New York Times. January 6, 2021. November 4, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181104054651/https://www.nytimes.com/1962/06/14/archives/screen-lolita-vladimir-nabokovs-adaptation-of-his-novelsue-lyon-and.html. live. registration.
  44. Trubikhina. Julia. 2007. Struggle for the Narrative: Nabokov and Kubrick's Collaboration on the "Lolita" Screenplay. Ulbandus Review. Columbia University Slavic Department. 10. 149–172. 25748170. January 6, 2021. subscription.
  45. Schlosser. Eric. January 17, 2014. Almost Everything in "Dr. Strangelove" Was True. The New Yorker. August 14, 2020. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106195056/https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/almost-everything-in-dr-strangelove-was-true. live. subscription.
  46. News: McKie. Robin. April 15, 2018. Kubrick's '2001',: the film that haunts our dreams of space. The Guardian. January 6, 2021. December 27, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201227043237/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/apr/15/2001-a-space-odyssey-film-haunts-dream-space. live.
  47. News: Ebert. Roger. March 27, 1997. 2001: A Space Odyssey. RogerEbert.com. January 6, 2021. January 21, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180121210527/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-2001-a-space-odyssey-1968. live.
  48. Web site: Stanley Kubrick's secret cameo in 2001: A Space Odyssey. Whatley. Jack. October 15, 2020. Far Out. January 6, 2021. October 26, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201026071739/https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/stanley-kubrick-2001-space-odyssey-cameo/. live.
  49. News: Bradshaw. Peter. April 5, 2019. A Clockwork Orange review – Kubrick's sensationally scabrous thesis on violence. The Guardian. January 6, 2021. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106233324/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/apr/05/a-clockwork-orange-kubrick-review. live.
  50. News: Ebert. Roger. A Clockwork Orange. February 2, 1972. RogerEbert.com. January 6, 2020. July 1, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190701195957/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/a-clockwork-orange-1972. live.
  51. News: Gilbey. Ryan. July 14, 2016. Stanley Kubrick's Barry Lyndon: 'It puts a spell on people'. The Guardian. London. August 15, 2020. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106195123/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jul/14/stanley-kubrick-barry-lyndon-put-spell-on-people. live.
  52. Web site: Barry Lyndon. Turner Classic Movies. August 15, 2020. October 17, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181017180752/http://www.tcm.com/watchtcm/movies/16197/Barry-Lyndon. live.
  53. News: Ebert. Roger. June 8, 2006. Isolated madness. RogerEbert.com. August 15, 2020. January 4, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110104151920/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20060618%2FREVIEWS08%2F606180302. live.
  54. News: Wise. Damon. August 1, 2017. How we made Stanley Kubrick's Full Metal Jacket. The Guardian. London. August 14, 2020. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106195105/https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2017/aug/01/how-we-made-full-metal-jacket-stanley-kubrick-matthew-modine. live.
  55. Nicholson. Amy. July 17, 2014. Eyes Wide Shut at 15: Inside the Epic, Secretive Film Shoot that Pushed Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman to Their Limits. Vanity Fair. January 6, 2021. November 24, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201124185109/https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2014/07/eyes-wide-shut-tom-cruise-nicole-kidman. live.
  56. Web site: Eyes Wide Shut. Rotten Tomatoes. January 6, 2021. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106203548/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/eyes_wide_shut. live.
  57. Web site: Watch Stanley Kubrick's first-ever short film 'Day of the Fight'. Far Out Staff. December 28, 2021. Far Out. January 6, 2021. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106230542/https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/stanley-kubrick-first-short-film-day-of-the-fight-watch/. live.
  58. News: Bernstein. Jeremy. November 5, 1966. How About a Little Game?. New Yorker. January 6, 2021. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106230532/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1966/11/12/how-about-a-little-game. live. subscription.
  59. Web site: Flying Padre. Rotten Tomatoes. August 15, 2020. September 26, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200926225004/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/flying_padre. live.
  60. Web site: The Flying Padre. Turner Classic Movies. March 14, 2021.
  61. Book: Fenwick, James . Stanley Kubrick and Richard de Rochemont . Stanley Kubrick Produces . 2000-12-18 . 9781978814899 . Rutgers University Press.
  62. Book: Introduction . 3 . Eyes Wide Shut: Stanley Kubrick and the Making of His Final Film . 2019-05-08 . Kolker . Robert P. . Abrams . Nathan . 9780190678050 . Oxford University Press.
  63. News: Graser. Mark. August 12, 2013. Stanley Kubrick's First Color Film, The Seafarers, Streaming on IndieFlix. Variety. January 6, 2021. July 3, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170703044543/http://variety.com/2013/digital/news/stanley-kubricks-first-color-film-the-seafarers-streaming-on-indieflix-1200576897/. live.
  64. Lewis Gilbert, Ken Adam, Michael G. Wilson, Christopher Wood. The Spy Who Loved Me audio commentary.
  65. Web site: Omnibus . Television Academy Interviews . 29 August 2023 . 22 October 2017.
  66. News: Fagerholm . Matt . A Trip Through Film History with Norman Lloyd . 29 August 2023 . RogerEbert.com . July 16, 2015.
  67. Web site: King . Susan . UCLA honors the daring work of Norman Lloyd . Los Angeles Times . 12 April 2014.
  68. Web site: Norman Lloyd . Television Academy Interviews . 29 August 2023 . en . 22 October 2017.
  69. Web site: Stafford . Jeff . Fear and Desire 1953 . A Strange Love of Tangled Writing: Stanley Kubrick's Films and Their Literary Sources . 29 August 2023. 30 December 2018.
  70. Book: Hughes . William C. . James Agee, Omnibus, and Mr. Lincoln: The Culture of Liberalism and the Challenge of Television, 1952-1953 . 2004 . Scarecrow Press . 9780810851757.
  71. Web site: Stanley Kubrick. Rotten Tomatoes. February 14, 2021. January 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210106204626/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/stanley_kubrick. live.
  72. Web site: Stanley Kubrick. Metacritic. February 14, 2021. January 14, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210114152834/https://www.metacritic.com/person/stanley-kubrick. live.
  73. A.I. Artificial Intelligence . 2001 . 149 minutes . Warner Bros. Pictures.
  74. News: Scott . Brake . Spielberg Talks About the Genesis of A.I. . . May 10, 2001 . August 4, 2008 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20110522124838/http://movies.ign.com/articles/200/200038p1.html . May 22, 2011.

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