Städel Explained

Städel
Type:	Art museum
Mapframe:	yes
Mapframe-Caption:	Interactive fullscreen map
Mapframe-Zoom:	14
Mapframe-Marker:	museum
Mapframe-Wikidata:	yes
Location:	Schaumainkai 63, Museumsufer, Frankfurt, Germany
Director:	Philipp Demandt
Founder:	Johann Friedrich Städel
Employees:	109 (2021)

The Städel, officially the Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie, is an art museum in Frankfurt, with one of the most important collections in Germany. The museum is located at the Museumsufer on the Sachsenhausen bank of the River Main. The Städel Museum owns 3,100 paintings, 660 sculptures, more than 4,600 photographs and more than 100,000 drawings and prints.^{[1] [2]} It has around 7000m2 of display and a library of 115,000 books.^[3]

In 2012, the Städel was honoured as by the German art critics association AICA.^{[4] [5]} In the same year the museum recorded the highest attendance figures in its history, of 447,395 visitors.^[6] In 2020 the museum had 318,732 visitors, down 45 percent from 2019, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It ranked 71st on the list of most-visited art museums in 2020.^[7]

History

19th century

The Städel was founded in 1817,^[8] and is one of the oldest museums in Frankfurt. The founding followed a bequest by the Frankfurt banker and art patron Johann Friedrich Städel (1728–1816), who left his house, art collection and fortune with the request in his will that the institute be set up.^{[9] [10]} In the early years, Städel's former living quarters at Frankfurt's were used to present his collection.^[11] The collection received its first exhibition building at the in 1833.^{[12] [13]}

19th century building

In 1878, a new museum building, in the Neo-Renaissance style,^[14] was erected by on Schaumainkai, a street along the south side of the river Main.^[15]

20th century

In 1937, 77 paintings and 700 prints were confiscated from the museum when the National Socialists declared them "degenerate art".^[16]

In 1939, the collection of the Städel Museum was removed to avoid destruction from the Allied bombings, and the collection was stored in the Schloss Rossbach, a castle owned by the Baron Thüngen near Bad Brückenau in Bavaria. There, the museum's paintings and library were discovered by Lt. Thomas Carr Howe, USN, of the American Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives program.^[17]

Renovations and extensions

The gallery was substantially damaged by air raids in World War II, it was rebuilt in 1966 following a design by the Frankfurt architect Johannes Krahn.^[18] An expansion building for the display of 20th-century work and special exhibits was erected in 1990, designed by the Austrian architect Gustav Peichl.^{[19] [20]} Small structural changes and renovations took place from 1997 to 1999.^[21]

The largest extension in the history of the museum to 7000m2 intended for the presentation of contemporary art was designed by the Frankfurt architectural firm and opened in February 2012.^{[22] [23] [24]}

Digital expansion

The Städel has been significantly enlarging its activities and outreach through a major digital expansion on the occasion of its 200-year anniversary in 2015.^[25] Already available to visitors is an exhibition 'digitorial' and free access to WiFi throughout the museum and its grounds. From March the museum will offer to visitors a new Städel app, the possibility of listening to audio guides on their own devices, and a new 'cabinet of digital curiosities'. Several more projects are currently in development including an online exhibition platform; educational computer games for children; online art-history courses and a digital art book.^{[26] [27]}

Creative commons

The Städel Museum made more than 22,000 works in its Digital Collection available for free downloading under the Creative Commons licence CC BY-SA 4.0.^{[28] [29]}

Collection

The Städel has European paintings from seven centuries, beginning with the early 14th century, moving into Late Gothic, the Renaissance, Baroque, and into the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries.^[30] The large collection of prints and drawings is not on permanent display and occupies the first floor of the museum. Works on paper not on display can be viewed by appointment.^[31]

The gallery has a conservation department that performs conservation and restoration work on the collection.^[32]

Temporary exhibitions

Most visited exhibitions:^[33]

• "Making Van Gogh" 2019/2020 (505,750 visitors)
• "Monet und die Geburt des Impressionismus" 2015 (432,121 visitors)
• "Botticelli" 2009/2010 (367,033 visitors)
• "Dürer. Kunst – Künstler – Kontext" 2013/2014 (258,577 visitors)

Recent exhibitions:

• "Holbein" 2023/2024^[34]

Selected works

• Robert Campin, Flémalle Panels, 1428–1430, mixed technique, 160.2 × 68.2 cm, 151.8 × 61 cm, 148.7 × 61 cm
• Jan van Eyck, Lucca Madonna, 1437, mixed technique, 66 x 50 cm
• Fra Angelico, , 1430–1433, tempera on panel, 37 x 27 cm
• Rogier van der Weyden, Medici Madonna, 1460–1464, oil on panel, 61.7 x 46.1 cm
• Master of the Frankfurt Paradiesgärtlein, Paradiesgärtlein, between 1400 and 1420, mixed technique on oak, 26 x 33 cm
• Hieronymus Bosch, Ecce Homo, 1476, oil on panel, 75 x 61 cm
• Sandro Botticelli, Portrait of a Young Woman, 1480–85, mixed technique on a poplar panel, 82 x 54 cm
• Bartolomeo Veneto, Portrait of a Young Woman, between 1500 and 1530, mixed technique on a poplar panel, 44 x 34 cm
• Rembrandt van Rijn, The Blinding of Samson, 1636, oil on canvas, 205 x 272 cm
• Johannes Vermeer, The Geographer, 1668–1669, oil on canvas, 52 x 45.5 cm
• Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, Goethe in the Roman Campagna, 1787, oil on canvas, 164 x 206 cm^[35]
• Claude Monet, The Luncheon, 1868–1869, oil on canvas, 231.5 x 151.5 cm
• Edgar Degas, , 1872, oil on canvas, 69 x 49 cm
• Auguste Renoir, After the Luncheon, 1879, oil on canvas, 100.5 x 81.3 cm
• Franz Marc, Dog Lying in the Snow , 1911, oil on canvas, 62.5 x 105 cm

The museum also features works by the 20th-century German artist Max Beckmann, who taught at the Städelschule.^[36]

Directors

The directors of the Städel Museum:^[37]

• 1817–1840^[38]
• Philipp Veit 1830–1843^[39]
• Johann David Passavant 1840–1861
• Gerhard Malß 1861–1885
• Georg Kohlbacher 1885–1889
• Henry Thode 1889–1891
• 1891–1904^[40]
• 1904–1905
• 1906–1937
• 1938–1972
• 1974–1994
• 1994–2006^[41]
• Max Hollein 2006–2016^[42]
• since 2016^{[43] [44]}

See also

• Städelschule
• List of museums in Germany
• List of art museums
• Dresden Gallery, Alte Pinakothek Munich, Altes Museum Berlin

Literature

• Book: Mongi-Vollmer, Eva . Städel Museum . Meisterwerke im Städel Museum ausgewählte Werke aus der Sammlung des Städel Museums . Frankfurt am Main . 2007 . 978-3-9809701-3-6 . 199141987 . de.
• Book: Brinkmann, Bodo . Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie Frankfurt a.M. . München . 1999 . 978-3-7913-2204-9 . 237356740 . de.
• Book: Brinkmann . Bodo . Kemperdick . Stephan . Städelsches Kunstinstitut . Deutsche Gemälde im Städel 1500-1550 . Von Zabern . Mainz am Rhein . 2005 . 3-8053-3350-1 . 60333359 . de.
• Book: Brinkmann . Bodo . Sander . Jochen . Deutsche Gemälde vor 1800 im Städel . Blick in die Welt . Frankfurt am Main . 1999 . 3-88284-003-X . 71547451 . de.
• Book: Van Dyke, John Charles . Munich, Frankfort, Cassel; critical notes on the Old Pinacothek, the Staedel Institute, the Cassel Royal Gallery . C. Scribner's Sons . New York . 1914 . 518907.
• Book: Baensch, Tanja . Museum im Widerspruch . Das Museum als "lebendiger" Körper . Akademie Verlag . 31 December 2011 . 25–92 . 10.1524/9783050062358.25. 978-3-05-004919-9 .
• Book: Pollmer-Schmidt . Almut . Weber . Christiane . Wolf . Fabian . Städtische Galerie im Städelschen Kunstinstitut Frankfurt am Main . Deutsche Gemälde im Städel Museum 1550–1725 . Berlin . 2021 . 978-3-422-98516-2 . 1285908347 . de.
• Book: Städtische Galerie im Städelschen Kunstinstitut Frankfurt am Main . Engler . Martin . Hollein . Max . Gegenwartskunst 1945-heute im Städel Museum . Hatje Cantz Verlag . Ostfildern . 2012 . 978-3-7757-3028-0 . 775065939 . de.
• Book: Krämer . Felix . Hollein . Max . Grobien . Felicity . Lemke . Kristina . Oehsen . Kristine von . Städtische Galerie im Städelschen Kunstinstitut Frankfurt am Main . Lichtbilder : Fotografie im Städel Museum von den Anfängen bis 1960 = Photography at the Städel Museum from the beginnings to 1960 . Frankfurt am Main . 2014 . 978-3-941399-39-6 . 890127728.
• Book: Meyer . Corina . Graf . Bernhard . Savoy . Bénédicte . Die Geburt des bürgerlichen Kunstmuseums - Johann Friedrich Städel und sein Kunstinstitut in Frankfurt am Main . Berlin . 2013 . 978-3-940939-26-5 . 868261686 . de.
• Book: Gallwitz, Klaus . Städtische Galerie im Städelschen Kunstinstitut Frankfurt am Main . Besuche im Städel : Betrachtungen zu Bildern . Insel . Frankfurt am Main . 1986 . 3-458-32639-1 . 30099262 . de.
• Book: Fleckner . Uwe . Hollein . Max . Museum im Widerspruch : das Städel und der Nationalsozialismus . Berlin . 2011 . 978-3-05-006235-8 . 754580441 . de.
• Book: Städtische Galerie im Städelschen Kunstinstitut Frankfurt am Main. Graphische Sammlung . Schütt . Jutta . Sonnabend . Martin . Städtische Galerie im Städelschen Kunstinstitut Frankfurt am Main . Masterpieces of the Department of Prints and Drawings : drawings, watercolours and collages . Städel Museum . Frankfurt am Main . 2008 . 978-3-86568-177-5 . 226372377.
• Book: Schiffer, Helen . Augen für die Kunst - das neue Städel Fotografien von Hellen Schiffer, die für die Architekten Schneider + Schumacher die Baustelle des Städel Museums Frankfurt fotografisch begleitet hat ; 10.02.2010 bis 15.01.2012 ; [anlässlich der Eröffnung des Erweiterungsbaus, Städel Museum Frankfurt am Main] . Frankfurt, M . 2012 . 978-3-942921-54-1 . 794943152 . de.
• Book: Baldessari . John . John Baldessari . Engler . Martin . Baumann . Jana . John Baldessari : the Städel paintings. . Hirmer Verlag GmbH . München . 2015 . 978-3-7774-2449-1 . 912278095.
• Book: Gaehtgens, Thomas W. . Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie . ... zum Besten hiesiger Stadt und Bürgerschaft : 200 Jahre Städel; eine Festschrift . Prestel . München . 2015 . 978-3-7913-5452-1 . 906052843 . de.
• Web site: Testament von 1816 des Johann Friedrich Städel dem Stifter des Frankfurter Städel Museum . Politik - Netz-Trends . 3 January 2020 . de . . 29 December 2022.

Further reading

• Book: Städel Museum . Brandmüller . Nicole . Sammlungsführer Städel-Museum . Petersberg . 2008 . 978-3-86568-193-5 . 263447127 . de.
• Web site: Hoffmann . Gabriele . Lektion in Kunstgeschichte . . 8 January 2016 . de . 29 December 2022.
• Web site: Mazzoni . Ira . Unrechtsbewusstsein in Grenzen . . 7 April 2011 . de . 29 December 2022.
• Web site: Knöfel . Ulrike . Frankfurt's Underground Landmark: Städel Museum Celebrates Bold New Extension . . 22 February 2012 . 29 December 2022.

External links

• • Web site: Städel Museum . Museumsufer Frankfurt . 21 December 2022.
• Web site: Digital Collection – Städel Museum . Digital Collection . 25 December 1909 . de . 29 December 2022.
• Virtual tour of the Städel provided by Google Arts & Culture

Notes and References

1. Web site: Das Städel Museum . hr2.de . 25 July 2017 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229043104/https://www.hr2.de/veranstaltungen/kulturpartner/das-staedel-museum,kultpartner-staedel-museum-100.html . live .
2. Web site: Städel will Sammlung komplett digitalisieren . . 28 December 2016 . de . 16 December 2022 . 16 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221216192602/https://www.saarbruecker-zeitung.de/pm/zweibruecken/staedel-will-sammlung-komplett-digitalisieren_aid-51046575 . live .
3. Book: Mongi-Vollmer, Eva . Städel Museum . Meisterwerke im Städel Museum ausgewählte Werke aus der Sammlung des Städel Museums . Frankfurt, M . 2007 . 978-3-9809701-3-6 . 199141987 . de . 8.
4. Web site: Städel in Frankfurt ist 'Museum des Jahres' . Abendzeitung München . 29 January 2013 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229043455/https://www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de/kultur/kunst/staedel-in-frankfurt-ist-museum-des-jahres-art-185819 . live .
5. Web site: Schulz . Bernhard . 2012 Das Städel Museum, Frankfurt am Main . Homepage der AICA Deutschland . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229144600/https://www.aica.de/auszeichnungen/museum-des-jahres/2012-das-staedel-museum-frankfurt-am-main.html . live .
6. Web site: Historic Attendance Records for Schirn, Städel, and Liebieghaus in 2012. Städel Museum. 16 April 2015. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019033638/https://newsroom.staedelmuseum.de/system/files_force/field/file/2014/trias_press_attendance_records_2012_logo.pdf. live.
7. The Art Newspaper list of most-visited art museums, 30 March 2021
8. Web site: Städel: Stiftungsbrief 1817 . Frankfurter Personenlexikon . de . 16 December 2022 . 16 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221216213548/https://frankfurter-personenlexikon.de/node/6011 . live .
9. Meyer, Corina (2017) The origins of the Städelschule (PDF) . Retrieved 26 January 2018
10. News: Flick . Hans . Oertzen . Christian von . Teil 1: Johann Friedrich Städel: Der lange Streit um das Vermächtnis . FAZ.NET . 12 September 2007 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229052829/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/teil-1-johann-friedrich-staedel-der-lange-streit-um-das-vermaechtnis-1435657.html . live .
11. Web site: 200 Jahre Städel – Ein Museum für alle . . 10 March 2015 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229074409/https://www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de/200-jahre-staedel-ein-museum-fuer-alle-100.html . live .
12. Web site: Städel Museum . . 15 March 2015 . de . . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229074405/https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/staedel-museum-die-aelteste-museumsstiftung-deutschlands-100.html . live .
13. Web site: Städel Museum . Zeitreise . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229075106/https://zeitreise.staedelmuseum.de/neue-mainzer-strasse-ort/1833/ . live .
14. News: Finsterbusch . Stephan . Kunstmuseum: Städels Erben . . 7 March 2015 . de . 28 December 2022 . 28 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221228224936/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/200-jahrfeier-staedels-erben-13465875.html . live .
15. Web site: Reinhard . Frost . Sommer, Oskar . Frankfurter Personenlexikon . de . 28 December 2022 . 28 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221228211616/https://frankfurter-personenlexikon.de/node/1261 . live .
16. Web site: Frankfurt 1933 -1945: Beiträge . Frankfurt 1933 -1945 . de . 29 December 2022 . 9 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221209071159/https://www.frankfurt1933-1945.de/beitraege/bildende-kunst-museen-bibliotheken/beitrag/die-pluenderung-moderner-kunst-aus-dem-staedelschen-kunstinstitut . live .
17. Howe, Thomas Carr. 1946. Salt Mines and Castles: The Discovery and Restitution of Looted European Art . New York: Bobbs Merrill. Pages 43–46.
18. Web site: Lubitz . Alfred . Johannes Krahn 1908 . 1974. Architekten-Portrait von Jan Lubitz . de . 28 December 2022 . 28 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221228223917/https://www.architekten-portrait.de/johannes_krahn/ . live .
19. News: Mundt . Jürgen . Städel Museum . . 25 February 2012 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229045224/https://www.welt.de/print/die_welt/vermischtes/article13887221/Staedel-Museum.html . live .
20. Book: Peichl, Gustav . Städel : der Museums Erweiterungsbau von Gustav Peichl . Residenz Verlag . Salzburg . 1990 . 3-7017-0671-9 . 25769108 . de .
21. Web site: Kultur: "Weiß mordet" - Die Renovierung kostete fast 26 Millionen Mark . Aktuelle News . 18 November 1999 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229043840/https://www.tagesspiegel.de/kultur/weiss-mordet-die-renovierung-kostete-fast-26-millionen-mark-633145.html . live .
22. Web site: The expansion of the Städel Museums. Städel Museum. 14 October 2012. 2 October 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141002211207/http://www.staedelmuseum.de/en/history-museum. live.
23. Web site: Bund Deutscher Architektinnen und Architekten BDA » Erweiterung Städel Museum, Frankfurt am Main . Bund Deutscher Architektinnen und Architekten BDA . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229112516/https://www.bda-hessen.de/awards/erweiterung-staedel-museum-frankfurt-am-main/ . live .
24. Web site: Extension of the Städel Museum . EUMiesAward . 16 December 2022 . 16 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221216214410/https://www.miesarch.com/work/506 . live .
25. News: 200. Geburtstag: "Das Städel wird digital erweitert" . . 26 August 2017 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229064940/https://www.welt.de/regionales/hessen/article138313092/Das-Staedel-wird-digital-erweitert.html . live .
26. Web site: Städel Museum 2.0. . 16 April 2015. 1 July 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210701194614/https://www.dw.com/en/st%C3%A4del-museum-20/av-18340269. live.
27. News: Online-Kurse zur Kunst: Willkommen im digitalen Museum . FAZ.NET . 2 May 2016 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229064757/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/kunst-und-architektur/online-kurse-zur-kunst-willkommen-im-digitalen-museum-14206341.html . live .
28. Web site: Creative Commons: The Städel Museum offers free access to more than 22,000 artworks . Städel Museum . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229083536/https://newsroom.staedelmuseum.de/en/topics/creative-commons-stadel-museum-offers-free-access-more-22000-artworks . live .
29. Web site: Digital Collection – Städel Museum . Digital Collection . 25 December 1909 . 31 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229083950/https://sammlung.staedelmuseum.de/en . live .
30. Web site: Ator . Jodean . Städel Art Museum in Frankfurt . Frankfurt on Foot Walking Tours . 27 May 2020 . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229071634/https://frankfurt-on-foot.com/2020/05/27/staedel-art-museum-in-frankfurt/ . live .
31. Web site: Information & Service . Städel Museum . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229071422/https://www.staedelmuseum.de/en/information-service . live .
32. Web site: Forschung & Restaurierung . Städel Museum . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229042303/https://www.staedelmuseum.de/de/forschung-restaurierung . live .
33. News: Frankfurt liebt Van Gogh: Die meistbesuchte Ausstellung in der Geschichte des Städel . . 19 February 2020 . de . 16 December 2022 . 16 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221216195046/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/rhein-main/frankfurt/frankfurt-liebt-van-gogh-staedel-begruesste-ueber-500-000-besucher-16641750.html . live .
34. Web site: Holbeins Madonna ist wieder im Frankfurter Städel zu sehen . FRANKFURT.DE . de . 2023-12-05 . 3 November 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231103053403/https://frankfurt.de/de-de/aktuelle-meldung/meldungen/holbeins-madonna-ist-wieder-im-frankfurter-staedel-zu-sehen/ . live .
35. Web site: Bekanntestes Goethe-Gemälde im Städel zu sehen . . 9 August 2007 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229141108/https://www.fr.de/rhein-main/bekanntestes-goethe-gemaelde-staedel-sehen-11612038.html . live .
36. Web site: Städel's Beckmann / Beckmann's Städel . Städel Museum . 9 December 2020 . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229081500/https://www.staedelmuseum.de/en/staedels-beckmann . live .
37. Web site: 200 Year Städel: Facts and Figures . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229065645/https://newsroom.liebieghaus.de/system/files_force/field/file/2015/st_press_200_jahre_staedel_facts_and_figures_engl.pdf . live .
38. Web site: Wendelstadt, Karl Friedrich . Frankfurter Personenlexikon . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229082124/https://frankfurter-personenlexikon.de/node/1717 . live .
39. Web site: Veit, Philipp . Frankfurter Personenlexikon . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229143156/https://frankfurter-personenlexikon.de/node/1588 . live .
40. Web site: Weizsäcker, Heinrich . Frankfurter Personenlexikon . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229081856/https://frankfurter-personenlexikon.de/node/1710 . live .
41. Web site: Göpfert . Claus-Jürgen . Ein Gentleman der Kultur . . 29 April 2021 . de . 30 December 2022 . 30 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221230053309/https://www.fr.de/kultur/kunst/ein-gentleman-der-kultur-90481282.html . live .
42. Web site: Max Hollein Becomes Director of the Stadel . artdaily.cc . 23 November 2022 . English . 23 November 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221123221347/https://artdaily.cc/news/13551/Max-Hollein-Becomes-Director-of-the-Stadel/#.Y36a53rMK3A . live .
43. Web site: Kinsella . Eileen . Philipp Demandt Director Städel Museum-artnet News . Artnet News . 24 June 2016 . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229132149/https://news.artnet.com/art-world/phillip-demandt-director-stadel-and-liebieghaus-526298 . live .
44. Web site: Städel-Direktor Philipp Demandt bleibt länger . . 15 September 2021 . de . 29 December 2022 . 29 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229081703/https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/museen-frankfurt-am-main-staedel-direktor-philipp-demandt-bleibt-laenger-dpa.urn-newsml-dpa-com-20090101-210915-99-228842 . live .