St. Mark's Church in-the-Bowery explained

St.-Marks-In-The-Bowery
Nrhp Type:nrhp
Location:131 E. 10th St. (at Second Ave.)
Manhattan, New York City
Built:1795; 1799,
restored 1975–1978,
restored 1978–1984[1]
Architect:Ithiel Town, et al.
Harold Edelman
Architecture:Georgian; Federal body, Greek Revival steeple
Added:June 19, 1972
Refnum:72000885
Designated Other2 Name:New York City Landmark
Designated Other2 Date:April 19, 1966
Designated Other2 Abbr:NYCL
Designated Other2 Link:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission
Designated Other2 Number:0229
Designated Other2 Color:
  1. ffe978

St. Mark's Church in-the-Bowery is a parish of the Episcopal Church located at 131 East 10th Street, at the intersection of Stuyvesant Street and Second Avenue in the East Village neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. The property has been the site of continuous Christian worship since the mid-17th century, making it New York City's oldest site of continuous religious practice. The structure is the second-oldest church building in Manhattan.[2]

In 2020, it reported 103 members, average attendance of 67, and $142,197 in plate and pledge income.

History and architecture

In 1651, Petrus Stuyvesant, Director General of New Netherland, purchased land for a bowery or farm from the Dutch West India Company and by 1660 built a family chapel at the present day site of St. Mark's Church. Stuyvesant died in 1672 and was interred in a vault under the chapel.[3] [4]

Stuyvesant's great-grandson, Petrus "Peter" Stuyvesant, sold the chapel property to the Episcopal Church for $1 in 1793, stipulating that a new chapel be erected to serve Bowery Village, the community which had coalesced around the Stuyvesant family chapel.[5] In 1795 the cornerstone of the present day St. Mark's Church was laid, and the fieldstone Georgian style church, built by the architect and mason John McComb Jr., was completed and consecrated on May 9, 1799. Alexander Hamilton provided legal aid in incorporating St. Mark's Church as the first Episcopal parish independent of Trinity Church in New York City. By 1807 the church had as many as two hundred worshipers at its summer services, with 70 during the winter.

In 1828, the church steeple, the design of which is attributed to Martin Euclid Thompson and Ithiel Town, in Greek Revival style, was erected. More changes came about beginning in 1835, when John C. Tucker's stone Parish Hall was constructed, and the next year (1836) the church itself was renovated, with the original square pillars being replaced with thinner ones in Egyptian Revival style. In addition, the current cast- and wrought iron fence was added in 1838; these renovations are credited to Thompson.[6] At around the same time, the two-story fieldstone Sunday School was completed, and the church established the Parish Infant School for poor children.

Later, in 1861, the church commissioned a brick addition to the Parish Hall, which was designed and supervised by architect James Renwick Jr., and the St. Mark's Hospital Association was organized by members of the congregation. Outside the church, the cast iron portico, was added around 1858; its design is attributed to James Bogardus, who was an early innovator in cast iron construction.

At the start of the 20th century, leading architect Ernest Flagg designed the rectory. Overall, while the 19th century saw St. Mark's Church grow through its many construction projects, the 20th century was marked by community service and cultural expansion.[7]

In 1966, the Poetry Project and The Film Project, which later became the Millennium Film Workshop, were founded. Furthermore, in 1975, the Danspace Project was founded by Larry Fagin; the Community Documentation Workshop under the direction of Arthur Tobier was established; and the Preservation Youth Project expanded to a full-time work training program, which undertook the mission of the preserving St Mark's landmark exterior under the supervision of artisan teachers. On July 27, 1978, a fire nearly destroyed the church. The Citizens to Save St Mark's was founded to raise funds for its reconstruction and the Preservation Youth Project undertook the reconstruction supervised by architect Harold Edelman and craftspeople provided by preservation contractor I. Maas & Sons. The Landmark Fund emerged from the Citizens to Save St Mark's and continues to exist to help maintain and preserve St. Mark's Church for future generations. The restoration was completed in 1986, with new stained-glass windows designed by Edelman.

Usage

Rector William Guthrie was known to incorporate Native American, Hindu, Buddhist, and Bahá'í ceremonies and guest speakers into services.[8] [9] [10]

Today, the rectory houses the Neighborhood Preservation Center,[11] the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation and the Historic Districts Council, as well as other preservation and community organizations such as the Poetry Project, the Millennium Film Workshop, and the Danspace Project.

Over the years, several Dutch dignitaries visited the church while they were in the United States. In 1952, Queen Juliana of the Netherlands visited the church and laid a wreath given by her mother, Queen Wilhelmina, at the bust of Petrus Stuyvesant, which had been given to the church by Wilhelmina and the Dutch government in 1915. In 1981 and 1982, Princess Margriet and Queen Beatrix, both of the Netherlands, also visited.[12]

The arts

St Mark's has supported an active artistic community since the 19th century.

In 1919 poet Kahlil Gibran was appointed a member of the St. Mark's Arts Committee, and the next year, the two prominent Indian statues, "Aspiration" and "Inspiration" by sculptor Solon Borglum, which flank the church entry, were unveiled. Gibran also presented readings of his famous written works, some of which became annual affairs for a while,[13] as well as an exhibition of his drawings.[14] Isadora Duncan danced in the church in 1922, and Martha Graham in 1930. In 1926, poet William Carlos Williams lectured at the St. Mark's Sunday Symposium, which over the years featured such artists as Amy Lowell, Edward Steichen, Houdini, Edna St. Vincent Millay, Ruth St. Denis and Carl Sandburg.

Starting in 1955, the Lower East Side artists' held an annual exhibition during the summer at St. Mark's. It was an inclusive, non-juried group exhibition that featured hundreds of artists from the neighborhood and utilized both the interior spaces and the yard.

Theatre Genesis was founded by director Ralph Cook in 1964 and, in the same year, Sam Shepard had his first two plays, Cowboys and Rock Garden produced at the church. In 1969, St. Mark's innovated a fusion of liturgy and experimental rock music, the Electric Liturgy given by the Mind Garage, which was the first work of its kind to be nationally televised.

St. Mark's hosts modern artistic endeavors, including the Poetry Project,[15] and Danspace Project,[16] which stage events throughout the year. A November 1971 Poetry Project reading by Patti Smith, accompanied by Lenny Kaye on guitar, launched their rock and roll careers and marked the founding of the Patti Smith Group.[17]

In addition, Richard Foreman's avant-garde Ontological-Hysteric Theater[18] was also housed there in its own space from 1992 until 2010.[19]

Notable burials

Both the church's East and West Yards have under them stone burial vaults, in which many prominent New Yorkers were interred. Although it no longer does full body burials, the church still does cremation burials in the church vault under the West Yard.

See also

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. 173.
  2. 67.
  3. http://www.stmarksbowery.org/virtual-tour.html Virtual tour
  4. 224.
  5. 389.
  6. p. 467
  7. Nichols, Kimberly. The Brothers Guthrie: Pagan Christianity of the Early 20th Century. Newtopia Magazine. April 16, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20141217114705/http://newtopiamagazine.wordpress.com/2013/04/16/the-brothers-guthrie-pagan-christianity-of-the-early-20th-century. December 17, 2014. April 5, 2016.
  8. News: Do we need a new world religion to unite the old religions?. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. 7. March 26, 1921 . March 25, 2016. Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com .
  9. News: Rector will continue in Church fight. Arizona Republic. 6. January 12, 1924 . April 4, 2016. newspapers.com .
  10. News: St. Mark's-in-the-Bouwerie's latest row is over the "Body and Soul Clinic". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. July 24, 1932. 54, 55. newspapers.com .
  11. Web site: Join Our Mailing List. Neighborhood Preservation Center. March 31, 2017.
  12. News: Blair. William G.. April 24, 1982. Dutch Queen Pays a Friendly Call. en-US. The New York Times. May 11, 2023. 0362-4331.
  13. News: The Rev. Dr. William Norman Guthrie… . Brooklyn Daily Eagle . 11. October 24, 1931 . March 25, 2016. Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com .
  14. News: St. Mark's-in-the-Bouwerie… . Brooklyn Daily Eagle . 16 . November 8, 1919 . March 25, 2016. Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com .
  15. Web site: Home . The Poetry Project . March 31, 2017.
  16. Web site: Danspace Project . Danspace Project . March 31, 2017.
  17. Web site: Patti Smith w/ Lenny Kaye & Janet Hamill | the Poetry Project . December 31, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110914172636/http://poetryproject.org/program-calendar/patti-smith-w-lenny-kaye-janet-hamill-2.html . September 14, 2011 .
  18. Web site: Ontological-Hysteric Theater . Ontological.com . November 30, 2015 . March 31, 2017.
  19. http://www.ontological.com/news.html "Ontological-Hysteric Theater leaves St. Mark's Church"
  20. That Was New York The Tombs--I. Meyer . Berger . August 30, 1941 . The New Yorker . October 8, 2011.
  21. http://www.smhlf.org/TheSite.htm St. Mark’s Church In-the-Bowery
  22. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1913/05/26/100623441.pdf "St. Mark's Fights for Church Name"
  23. Bryk, William. "A.T. Stewart's Grave Was Robbed, His Body Snatched", New York Press, October 30, 2001, updated February 17, 2015. Accessed April 7, 2016. "Stewart's funeral was held at the Episcopalian Church of St. Mark's-in-the-Bowerie at the northwest corner of 2nd Ave. and E. 10th St. The church was jammed with mourners, representing 'the foremost men in law, literature, commerce, [and] politics,' according to the Times. The body was placed in the Stewart family vault in the churchyard."
  24. Web site: Religion: In the Bouwerie . Time . May 11, 2023 . June 23, 1924 . St. Mark's-in-the-Bouwerie... last Easter, went A. Van Horne Stuyvesant, as the Stuyvesants have always gone, to assure themselves that the grave of their ancestor, Peter Stuyvesant, was in good keeping..
  25. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=t000306 "TOMPKINS, Daniel D., (1774–1825)"