Sports in Hamilton, Ontario explained

In 1930 Hamilton, Ontario, Canada was the site of the very first Commonwealth Games, then known as the British Empire Games. The Games came to Hamilton as a result of the efforts of Melville Marks Robinson,[1] and were Canada's first major international athletic event, and bid unsuccessfully for the Commonwealth Games in 2010, losing out to New Delhi in India.[2] On 7 November 2009, in Guadalajara, Mexico it was announced that Toronto will host the 2015 Pan Am Games after beating out two rival South American cities, Lima, Peru and Bogota, Colombia. The city of Hamilton will be co-hosting the Games with Toronto. Hamilton Mayor Fred Eisenberger said "the Pan Am Games will provide a 'unique opportunity for Hamilton to renew major sport facilities giving Hamiltonians a multi-purpose stadium, a 50-metre swimming pool, and an international-calibre velodrome to enjoy for generations to come.'"[3]

The Around the Bay Road Race circumnavigates Hamilton Harbour or Burlington Bay. Although it is not a proper marathon, it is the longest continuously held long distance foot race in North America, held in Hamilton since 1894, 3-years before the Boston Marathon.[1] The local newspaper, Hamilton Spectator has also hosted the amateur Spectator Indoor Games.[1] Hamilton has also produced a number of prominent runners over the years. Some of these include, Robert Kerr, (1882–1963), was an Irish-Canadian sprinter. He won the gold medal in the 200 metres and the bronze medal in the 100 metres at the 1908 Summer Olympics, Ray Lewis, (1910–2003), Track & Field, first Canadian-born Black Olympic medallist[1] and William Sherring, (1878–1964), was a Canadian athlete, winner of the marathon race at the 1906 Summer Olympics.[1] Other noteworthy Olympians, Commonwealth Games and Pan American Games participants from Hamilton include; Lisa Buscombe, Archer, won the women's World Field archery Championship title in 1984 and in 1985 won the World Games Field Archery Title. Inducted into the Canadian Amateur Sports Hall of Fame in 1985. In 1999 coached silver Canadian medallist in Men's Archery at the Pan Am Games;[4] Toller Cranston, (1949–2015), Canadian Figure skater- Bronze medal 1976 Winter Games;[5] Bryce Davison, (1986–), Canadian figure skater, competes in the pairs event with Jessica Dubé. Member of the Hamilton Skating Club;[6] Ray Lazdins, (1964–), a retired discus thrower from Canada, who represented his native country twice at the Summer Olympics; Irene MacDonald, (1931–2002), Diving, she reigned as Canada's champion diver from 1951 to 1961. She won medals at the 1954 and 1958 Commonwealth Games and in 1956 she won Canada's first Olympic diving medal, a bronze;[4] Joanne Malar, (1975–), Former freestyle and medley swimmer, who competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics;[7] Pat Messner, (1954–), Water skiing, 1972 Summer Olympics Bronze medal winner;[4] Linda Thom, (1943–), Woman's shooting (25m Pistol) Gold at 1984 Summer Olympics;[4] and Tonya Verbeek, silver medallist at the 2004 Summer Olympics in women's wrestling in the 55 kg category – Canada's first woman to medal at the Olympics in wrestling. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, she won Canada's third medal overall, and third Canadian medal ever in women's wrestling,[8] by winning a bronze in the 55kg class.[9] [10] In the year 2000 Hamilton was the first city in the western hemisphere to ever host the International Children's Games. Over 2500 athletes from 35 countries and 5 continents participated in the largest sporting and cultural celebration in games history. The games opened on 1 July, Canada Birthday hosting a large cultural festival parade and opening ceremonies broadcast across Canada. The games were considered Canada's premier millennium event and the event left an international legacy where as now over 100 countries and almost a thousand cities worldwide have participated in this international sporting event recognized by the IOC.Hamilton successfully hosted the World Cycling Championships in 2003. It was only the fourth time the World Cycling Championships was staged in North America, and the second time ever in Canada (Montreal 1974.) Igor Astarloa of Spain was the winner.

The Hamilton Golf and Country Club has hosted the Canadian Open golf championship four times, most recently in 2003 when Bob Tway won and again in 2006 with Jim Furyk the winner.[1] The traditional course layout, designed by famed course architect Harry Colt, proved very popular with touring pros. Florence Harvey, (1878–1968), Hamilton golfer, was the Ontario Ladies Amateur Champion 1904, 1906, 1913, and 1914 and the Canadian Ladies Champion in 1903 and 1904. She founded and served on the executive of the Canadian Ladies Golf Association and is a member of Canada's Golf Hall of Fame.[4]

Hamilton has hosted the Brier, the Canadian men's curling championship, a total of 3 times, in 1949, 1991 and the 2007 Tim Hortons Brier.[11]

Hamilton is twinned with Flint, Michigan, and its amateur athletes compete in the CANUSA Games, held alternatively there and here since 1958.[1] Flint and Hamilton hold the distinction of having the oldest continuous sister-city relationship between a U.S. and Canadian city, since 1957.[12] Hamilton hosted the games' 50th-anniversary in 2007.[13] Special events included the 30th annual golf tournament at King's Forest. The tournament was dedicated to the memory of well-known Hamilton broadcaster and longtime CANUSA volunteer Bill Sturrup.[14]

Sports venues

See main article: List of sports venues in Hamilton, Ontario. Two new sports venues opened up in Hamilton, Ontario in 2007–08, both of which are on the McMaster University grounds. The first is the $23-million Ron Joyce Stadium,[15] and the second is the $30-million David Braley Athletic Centre.[16]

The 6,000-seat Ronald V. Joyce Stadium is primarily a football stadium with officials at McMaster University suggesting it may be the best soccer venue in the Golden Horseshoe after Toronto's BMO Field, and it has taken steps to try to position the stadium for extensive soccer use. Extensive renovations were also done to the gym at the Ivor Wynne Centre. Total cost of the upgrades was $54-million. University officials have also noted that previous successful Pan Am and Commonwealth Games in Winnipeg, Victoria and Edmonton have utilized university facilities. Mac officials are also aiming to make the university one of the athlete villages.[17]

Innovations

Ron Foxcroft is the owner of Fox 40 International who make 40,000 whistles/ day. Used by search and rescue professionals in major catastrophes like the San Francisco earthquake and Oklahoma City bombing, and collapse of the World Trade Center. Also used by Major League sports officials around the world like the NHL, NBA, NFL including the summer and winter Olympics.[18] [19]

Kenesky Sports on Barton & Wellington Streets is the site where Emil Kenesky (Emil "Pops" Kenesky) invented the hockey goalie pads in 1917. His new pads were cricket pads, modified, and widened to approximately 12 inches. The new pads caught on extremely quickly, and this style of pad was used by a majority of pro goalies right on to the 1970s. Hockey Hall of Famers like Johnny Bower, Jacques Plante and Terry Sawchuk having worn them. Kenesky's company became the best-known manufacturer of hockey equipment in Canada.[20] Kenesky Sports also has a hockey school for goalies of all-ages. Alumni include NHL netminders Ray Emery and Dwayne Roloson.[21]

Charlie O'Brien, a former major league baseball catcher, after getting smashed in his mask by two consecutive foul-tip balls in a game, O'Brien had the idea for a new catcher's mask (a helmet, actually) while he was watching a hockey game. He worked with Van Velden Mask Inc., of Stoney Creek, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, to develop his idea. The new design, called the All-Star MVP, was approved in 1996 by Major League Baseball. The company is a maker of hockey goalie masks and equipment and was named after the owner of the company, Gerry Van Velden.[22]

Amateur, junior, professional, and semi-professional teams

Professional teams
ClubLeagueVenueEstablishedChampionships
Forge FCCanadian Premier LeagueTim Hortons Field20174
Hamilton Tiger-CatsCanadian Football LeagueTim Hortons Field19508
Toronto RockNational Lacrosse LeagueFirstOntario Centre19986
Semi-pro, Amateur and Junior teams
ClubLeagueVenueEstablishedChampionships
Chantilly Forever FCUnited Premier Soccer League2013
Dundas BluesProvincial Junior Hockey LeagueJ.L. Grightmire Arena1963
Dundas Real McCoysAllan Cup HockeyDave Andreychuk Arena20001
Glanbrook RangersProvincial Junior Hockey LeagueGlanbrook Arena19753
Hamilton BengalsOntario Junior B Lacrosse LeagueDave Andreychuk Arena2015
Hamilton BulldogsOntario Hockey LeagueFirstOntario Centre20151
Hamilton CardinalsIntercounty Baseball LeagueBernie Arbour Memorial Stadium19571
Hamilton City SCHeritage Field 20160
Hamilton CroatiaHamilton & District Premier Soccer League's Elite DivisionCroatian Sports and Community Centre of Hamilton19541
Hamilton Hornets R.F.C.Niagara Rugby UnionMohawk Sports Park19540
Hamilton Kilty B'sGreater Ontario Junior Hockey LeagueDave Andreychuk Mountain Arena20180
Hamilton SteelhawksAllan Cup HockeyAndreychuk Mountain Arena20150
Hamilton UnitedLeague1 OntarioRon Joyce Stadium20200
Hamilton WildcatsAFL OntarioMohawk Sports Park19970
Stoney Creek Camels R.F.C.Niagara Rugby UnionSaltfleet District High School19901
Stoney Creek GeneralsAllan Cup HockeyGateway Ice Centre20132

Hamilton Select

Hamilton Select is a fast pitch league containing teams from across the city. It is a league for the ages of 19 and under. It is a relatively unknown league to the public, but is highly scouted. It is a very competitive league that has each park trying to be regarded as Hamilton's finest team. Hamilton select consists of 28 teams in the Hamilton region but East Hamilton is where the top teams are found. The league originated in 1997. The team to win earns an entry into Regionals to play against Niagara's, Ottawa's, and Toronto's top teams. There has only been one team to win Regionals representing Hamilton: Gage Park 1999. Over the past 12 years there have only been 6 different teams to represent Hamilton: Gage Park (5), Rosedale (3), Scott Park (2), Roxborough (1), and Berrisfield (1). It is like a community within the community, although it is a highly competitive league it is a tight group of competitors.

Canadian football

See also: Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Canadian Football Hall of Fame. Hamilton is also home to the Canadian Football Hall of Fame museum. The museum hosts an annual induction event in a week-long celebration that includes school visits, a golf tournament, a formal induction dinner and concludes with the Hall of Fame game involving the local CFL Hamilton Tiger-Cats at Ivor Wynne Stadium.[23] [24]

On Wednesday, 3 November 1869, in a room above George Lee's Fruit Store, the Hamilton Football Club was formed. The club was first referred to as the Hamilton Tigers in their first game against the Toronto Argonauts in which Hamilton wore black and yellow for the first time, hence the nickname "Tigers." Hamilton Football Clubs have captured the Grey Cup in every decade of the 20th century, a feat matched by only one other franchise in the North American Major Leagues, the Rochester Red Wings. In 1908, the Tigers won the "Dominion Championship", a year before the Grey Cup was presented. The only time that football was interrupted in Hamilton as a spectator sport was during the First and Second World Wars. After World War II the Hamilton Tigers Football Team started competition once again. During WWII, a new group in the City had been formed and they became known as the Hamilton Wildcats. The competition for fan participation was so great that both teams were unable to operate on a sound financial basis. It was decided that the two Clubs should amalgamate and form one representative team for Hamilton. The present name, Tiger-Cats, and what is known as the modern era of football started in 1950.[25] Hamilton based football teams have captured the Grey Cup a total of 15-times, which is second best among Canadian cities (Toronto teams have won 21-times). The Hamilton Tiger-Cats have won eight, the Hamilton Tigers have won five and the Hamilton Flying Wildcats and the Hamilton Alerts each won once. The Hamilton Alerts were the first team from Hamilton to win the Grey Cup back in 1912 against the Toronto Argonauts in Hamilton at the old A.A.A. Grounds.[26] The city of Hamilton has hosted the Grey Cup Finals a total of 10-times, the last one being in 1996 (84th Grey Cup) in the "Snow Bowl" where the Toronto Argonauts defeated the Edmonton Eskimos by a score of 43–37.[27] This was also the only Grey Cup game in Hamilton that did not feature a Hamilton-based team.

Ivor Wynne Stadium is the home of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. The stadium originally known as Civic Stadium was constructed in 1930 to host the 1930 British Empire Games; Canada's first major international athletic event, held in Hamilton from 16 to 23 August 1930.[28] Notable residents and former players include "King Kong" Angelo Mosca.

The CFL's annual Eastern Division Labour Day Classic pits the Hamilton Tiger-Cats against perennial rivals the Toronto Argonauts. This particular weekend, typically the tenth or eleventh week in the season, is known for its fixtures that do not change from year to year. Oddly, for many years before his death, Harold Ballard owned both the Hamilton Tiger-Cats and the Toronto Maple Leafs, the National Hockey League (NHL) franchise in rival city Toronto. The team's prowess has fallen dramatically from its glory days in the 1960s and early 1970s, when it was a powerhouse.[29]

Hamilton and area pro football players and personalities over the years include;[1]

Combat sports

Boxing

Mixed martial arts

Hamilton has also produced a couple of noteworthy mixed martial arts fighters. One of two most noteworthy is Jeff Joslin, who has a black belt in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu under Romero "Jacare" Cavalcanti, and a 4th degree black belt in Wado Ryu Karate. He has also trained in wrestling and boxing.[44] The other noteworthy fighter from steeltown is Samir Seif. He is a world-class Muay Thai kickboxing champion.

Hamilton is home to Canada's largest grappling tournament the annual Joslin's Canadian Open.[45]

Pro wrestling

Hamilton has hosted some high-profile professional wrestling events. Copps Coliseum was the venue for the World Wrestling Federation's first-ever Royal Rumble on 24 January 1988, which was broadcast live in the United States on the USA Network, and for the pay-per-view event on 27 September 1998. In addition, the WWF taped its syndicated television program, WWF All-Star Wrestling, which aired as Maple Leaf Wrestling in Canada, at the Hamilton Convention Centre in October 1984 (two tapings that month), November 1984, and January 1985.[46] [47] From 1987 to 1992, occasionally matches at Copps Coliseum would be taped and shown on WWF Prime Time Wrestling. On 1 June 1992, the WWF's flagship syndicated television program, WWF Superstars, was taped at Copps Coliseum.[48]

Hamilton is also home to a wrestling school called Wrestlecorps Pro Wrestling Academy found on Kenilworth Avenue North near Barton Street and has a rich and colourful history of producing a number of well known pro wrestlers. Some of these include:

Hockey

See also: Hamilton Bulldogs. The Hamilton Tigers played in the NHL during the early 1920s but then the team folded after a player's strike. Tigers owner Percy Thompson of the Abso Pure Ice Company of Hamilton then sold the players rights to New York City bootleggers and the new team was then named the New York Americans and became the first pro sports team to play out of the newly built Madison Square Garden in downtown Manhattan, New York. Hockey Hall-of-Famer Joe Malone was a player/manager for the Tigers hockey club in the 1921–22 season. The team's home rink was the Barton Street Arena.[55] After the team left, a minor-league Hamilton Tigers team was formed, eventually becoming the Syracuse Stars and Buffalo Bisons. There are 35 ice rinks in 27 arenas in the Greater Hamilton area including FirstOntario Centre, Dave Andreychuk Mountain Arena & Skating Centre, Pat Quinn Parkdale Arena, Mohawk 4 Ice Centre, (4 rinks) at Mohawk Sports Park and Chedoke Twin Pad Arena, (2-rinks), on the West mountain.[56] [57]

A number of NHL hockey players have come from the Hamilton region over the years. Some of these include:[58]

Note: Tim Horton, retired NHL hockey defenseman, opened his first Tim Hortons Doughnut Shop in Hamilton, Ontario in 1964.[63]

Hamilton Bulldogs

Copps Coliseum Arena was the home ice for the Hamilton Bulldogs of the American Hockey League from 1996 to 2015. When the Edmonton Oilers announced plans to suspend operations of the previous Hamilton Bulldogs franchise in 2002, local interests in conjunction with the Oilers, Montreal Canadiens and the AHL secured ownership of the Quebec Citadelles and relocated the franchise to Hamilton assuring the continuation of the Bulldogs team. The team's primary affiliates were the Edmonton Oilers from 1996 to 2003 and the Montreal Canadiens from 2002 to 2015. The Bulldogs reached the final of the Calder Cup Championship in 1997 and 2003 only to lose in the finals on both occasions and then finally winning it all, their third attempt, in 2007 defeating the Hershey Bears.[64] [65]

In 2015, the Montreal Canadiens repurchased the Bulldogs franchise from team owner Michael Andlauer with the intention of relocating their affiliate to become the St. John's IceCaps. In response to losing his AHL team, Andlauer purchased the Ontario Hockey League's Belleville Bulls franchise and made a new Bulldogs team, albeit in a major junior league.

Hockey tournaments

The Victor K. Copps Coliseum was built downtown on Bay Street North.[66] The sports and entertainment arena, named for a former mayor and father of Sheila Copps, has hosted the 1986 World Junior Ice Hockey Championship Games where the Soviets captured gold against Team Canada with a top scoring line that consisted of Sergei Fedorov, Alexander Mogilny and Pavel Bure.

Hamilton also hosted the 1987 Canada Cup, which featured dynamic duo Wayne Gretzky and Mario Lemieux combine forces to defeat the Soviets. Hamilton also hosted the 1991 Canada Cup where Canada won the tournament once more, this time against Brett Hull and the Americans.

In 1990, Copps Coliseum hosted the Memorial Cup tournament that featured a young Eric Lindros playing on the eventual winners; Oshawa Generals. The Generals defeated the Kitchener Rangers in an All-Ontario Finals, the game went into triple overtime.

Hamilton also set attendance records at the time of hosting each one of the above-mentioned hockey tournaments.[67]

Hamilton-based hockey teams have captured the Memorial Cup twice. The Hamilton Red Wings in 1962 which featured Pit Martin & the 1972 Summit Series hero Paul Henderson. In 1976 the Hamilton Fincups captured the trophy which featured future NHL stars Willie Huber, Al Jensen, Dale McCourt, Al Secord and Ric Seiling.[1]

NHL expansion

In recent decades, Hamilton has shown interest in an NHL franchise and built the Copps Coliseum (now the FirstOntario Centre) in anticipation. It has been continually disappointed, and voted against by nearby Buffalo and Toronto, who potentially could lose revenue if Hamilton had an NHL franchise. Hamilton arguably came closest to landing an NHL franchise in 1990, when 14,000 Hamilton hockey fans made Non-refundable downpayments for season's tickets in less than 24 hours. However, according to Phil Esposito, the bid was blocked by Seymour Knox III (then owner of the Buffalo Sabres) and the Toronto Maple Leafs organizations.[67] [68] Out of all the bids submitted, the Hamilton bid, led by Tim Horton's co-founder Ron Joyce, became the only group to meet all the necessary criteria established by the NHL. However, the NHL awarded Ottawa and Tampa the new expansion teams, as the two cities were the only applicants who could pay the full expansion fee of million dollars. Joyce could not afford to pay upfront, and instead proposed annual payments.[69]

One of the biggest endorsements for Hamilton's quest for an NHL team came from hockey legend Wayne Gretzky, who was quoted as saying that "Hamilton and the Southwestern Ontario region could definitely support a National Hockey League team" and also that "there is a lot of red tape but these kind of things have a way of working themselves out and both the corporate and commercial support would be there for a team in Hamilton".[70] An NHL team based out of Copps Coliseum would make it the closest NHL rink to Wayne Gretzky's hometown of Brantford, Ontario.

Lacrosse

On 3 February 2011, it was announced that the Toronto Nationals of Major League Lacrosse would relocate to Hamilton and be renamed the Hamilton Nationals. It was also announced that they would play their home games at Ron Joyce Stadium on the campus of McMaster University.[71]

On 21 November 2013, the MLL announced that the team would not participate in the 2014 season, with most of the players being transferred to the expansion Florida Launch. The team is expected to attempt to rejoin the league for the 2015 season once construction of the new Tim Hortons Field in Hamilton is completed, much like the Rochester Rattlers did for the 2011 season.[72]

On May 11, 2021, the Toronto Rock of the National Lacrosse League announced that the Rock would relocate from Scotiabank Arena in Toronto to FirstOntario Centre in Hamilton with a 5-year arena lease with an option to extend the agreement afterwards. Their relocation will commence in time for the beginning of the 2021-22 NLL Season in December & the team name will not be changed despite the relocation to Hamilton for branding reasons.[73]

Racing sports

Auto racing

Hamilton and area is also the home of two auto race tracks. The first one is the Jukasa Motor Speedway, in Hagersville, a 5/8-mile oval auto racing track which is under new ownership and currently under major renovations. The last major event there was on 2–3 September (2006); The Canadian Association for Stock Car Racing (CASCAR) Labour Day Classic which featured the Super and Sportsman series. Rogers Sportsnet televised the Super Series race. The touring CASCAR series has been staging races since 1981. Jukasa Motor Speedway was considered one of Canada's top racing venues and attracted some of racing's top drivers, including Richard Petty, Al Unser, Cale Yarborough, Dale Earnhardt, the Allisons (Bobby, Davey, Donnie and Kenny) and Benny Parsons.[74] The second auto race track in Hamilton is the Flamboro Speedway, 1/3-mile semi banked asphalt oval auto racing track. Established in 1961 and has provided excellent grass roots stock car racing action every year since – Making it one of Canada's longest running stock car tracks.[75]

Horse racing

Hamilton is also home of Flamboro Downs; Canada's fastest half-mile harness horse racing track. Set on 220acres on Highway No. 5 west, between highways 6 and 8, flamboro downs has grown substantially since its April 1975 opening. Races are held five days a week. A typical flamboro downs live race card will include at least 10 or 11 races, and often more. In addition to the live flamboro downs harness racing, both thoroughbred and standardbred racing from other tracks across North America are simulcast daily from 12 noon. An off-track betting network offers racing from teletheatres in Hamilton, Brantford, Burlington and Stoney Creek.[76]

Hamilton is the birthplace of three jockeys in Thoroughbred horse racing whose success led to them being inducted in the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame and they are; Jeffrey Fell,[77] Chris Rogers[78] and Don Seymour.[79]

Soccer

Hamilton is home of the Hamilton and District Soccer Association. The H&DSA is one of Ontario's oldest soccer organizations. The Association represents many soccer organization from many surrounding communities such as Brantford, Glanbrook, Stoney Creek, Ancaster, Dundas and Hamilton.[80]

Hamilton hosts the tier-1 Forge FC of the Canadian Premier League since 2019. Hamilton also hosts Hamilton United FC, the division 3 women's team in League1 Ontario. While Hamilton City SC also represents Hamilton in the Canadian Soccer League.[81]

Hamilton is also home to 3 soccer leagues and they include; the Hamilton & District Multi-Jurisdictional Soccer League[82] the Hamilton & District Oldtimers Soccer League[83] and the third is the Hamilton Senior Mens Soccer League.[84]

Hamilton was home of the Hamilton Steelers of the Canadian Soccer League between 1982 and 1992. They were the 1986 National Champions and played their home games at the 5,000 seat Brian Timmis Stadium. The city was previously represented in the Canadian Professional/Soccer League with the Hamilton Thunder operating from 2002 to 2005, and Hamilton Croatia in 2010.[85] [86]

Hamilton was previously home to the Hamilton Avalanche, a Canadian women's soccer team from the W-League. They were founded in 2006. Hamilton was also previously home to Hamilton Rage of the PDL, founded in 2011, however both teams moved to Kitchener-Waterloo following the 2012 season.

Hamilton has been home to or has produced a number of pro soccer players over the years. Some of these include:

Other sports

Hammer City Roller Girls 2006–present (www.hammercityrollergirls.ca)

See also

Notes and References

  1. Tigertown Triumphs. The Hamilton Spectator-Memory Project (Souvenir Edition). MP56–MP68. 10 June 2006.
  2. Tigertown Triumphs. The Hamilton Spectator-Memory Project (Souvenir Edition). MP56. 10 June 2006.
  3. Web site: Toronto, Hamilton win Pan Am Games bid.. 8 November 2009.
  4. Web site: Famous Canadian Women Athletes. 15 January 2008. 5 October 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194928/http://famouscanadianwomen.com/on. dead.
  5. Web site: Canada's Walk-of-Fame Bio: Toller Cranston. 15 January 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927011424/http://www.canadaswalkoffame.com/inductees/03_toller_cranston.xml.htm . 27 September 2007.
  6. Canadians cut it too close. (Hamilton's Bryce Davison and partner Jessica Dubé in horrifying accident). The Hamilton Spectator. 9 February 2007.
  7. Web site: Canadian Olympian: Joanne Malar. 15 January 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20070929102623/http://72.232.38.190/EN/athletes/query/details2.php?id=38222. 29 September 2007. dmy-all.
  8. CBC Television, Olympic Late Night, 16 August 2008
  9. News: Roll call: Canada's medal winners . https://web.archive.org/web/20080924023800/http://sports.sympatico.msn.cbc.ca/beijing2008/cp_cbc_beijing.aspx?feedname=cbc-sports-v3&showbyline=true&newsitemid=olympics-canada-medals&pagenumber=6 . dead . 24 September 2008 . Sympatico MSN . 23 August 2008 . 23 August 2008 .
  10. Web site: Canadian Wrestling Lutte: Tonya Verbeek. 15 January 2008. 30 September 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070930154546/http://www.wrestling.ca/athletes/athlete.php?id=36. dead.
  11. Web site: Hamilton hosting Brier in 2007 . (www.curling.ca) . 30 December 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20061225150746/http://www.curling.ca/fan_central/brier/2007/index.asp . 25 December 2006 . dead .
  12. Web site: About Sister Cities of Flint Michigan. 18 January 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20061008060803/http://www.visitflint.org/sistercities/About_Sister_Cities_of_Flint.htm . 8 October 2006.
  13. Web site: CANUSA Games. CANUSA. 8 August 2009.
  14. Calling for all CANUSA alumni. Mountain News (Hamilton) page 23. 20 April 2007.
  15. Web site: Ron V. Joyce Stadium announcement photo gallery. 16 February 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070213001404/http://www.athrec.mcmaster.ca/arcs/multimedia/announcement/index.htm . 13 February 2007.
  16. News: Brown. Dana. Fitnes buffs pumped up by new Mac centre.. A10. The Hamilton Spectator. 8 February 2007.
  17. News: Moko. Larry. Moving the yardsticks: New $23-million stadium a statement of McMaster's grand ambitions as it builds a total university experience.. The Hamilton Spectator. 13 September 2008.
  18. Web site: Famous, Should be Famous, and Infamous: Ron Foxcroft (www.famouscanadians.net). 16 August 2008.
  19. Web site: Fox 40: Home of the Famous Pealess Whistle (www.fox40world.com). 16 August 2008.
  20. Web site: Collections Canada: Early days of Hockey (www.collectionscanada.gc.ca). 16 August 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20090121185109/http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/hockey/kids/024003-2000-e.html. 21 January 2009. dmy-all.
  21. Web site: Kenesky Sports: Kenesky Goaltending School (www.keneskysports.com). 16 August 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20090121185109/http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/hockey/kids/024003-2000-e.html. 21 January 2009. dmy-all.
  22. Web site: Blue Plate Special: Baseball's revolutionary new catcher's mask, with a little help from hockey (www.popularmechanics.com). 16 August 2008.
  23. Web site: Five more walk into Canadian Football's hallowed shrine. Hamilton Scores!. 1 January 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070301084350/http://www.hamiltonscores.com/football/news/?article=092922426 . 1 March 2007.
  24. Web site: Ivor Wynne Stadium Information. 16 January 2007.
  25. Web site: Canuck. Johnny. Hamilton Tiger Cats Fan Site- HISTORY. 31 December 2006. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20070216151748/http://www.johnnycanuck.com/paw/history.htm. 16 February 2007. dmy-all.
  26. Web site: A.A.A. Grounds: Canadian Football Timelines; Canadian Football web site. 16 January 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070228064050/http://www.footballcanada.com/history_timeline.asp . 28 February 2007.
  27. Web site: History of the Grey Cup. 6 January 2007.
  28. Web site: Wilson. Paul. Ivor Wynne Stadium . 31 December 2006.
  29. Book: Beddoes, Dick. Pal Hal: An uninhibited, no-holds-barred account of the life and times of Harold Ballard. Macmillan of Canada. 1989. 1-57243-390-6 .
  30. Web site: Official Web Site: Less Browne. 15 January 2008.
  31. Web site: Blink Bits: Steve Christie . 15 January 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927232152/http://www.blinkbits.com/bits/viewforum/steve_christie_bio?f=7885 . 27 September 2007 . dead .
  32. Web site: CFL Legends Bio: Tommy Joe Coffey. 15 January 2008.
  33. Web site: CFL Historical: Peter Dalla Rivaa, Montreal Alouettes. 1 September 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20090807012508/http://geocities.com/cfl_historical/DallaRiva.Peter.htm. 7 August 2009.
  34. Web site: Info Please: Bernie Faloney. 15 January 2008.
  35. Web site: Saskatchewan Roughriders Bio: Corey Grant . 15 January 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080102104732/http://www.riderville.com/player_bio.php?f_player_id=42 . 2 January 2008 . dead .
  36. Web site: McMaster University Alumni. 15 January 2008.
  37. Web site: Ron Lancaster-Hamilton citation. 15 January 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20070927082120/http://www.universitysport.ca/e/story_detail.cfm?id=389. 27 September 2007. dmy-all.
  38. Web site: Hamilton Tiger-Cats; Mike Morreale Bio. 15 January 2008.
  39. "Local duo score spot in Hall" (Rocco Romano). The Hamilton Spectator page SP4-SP5. 20 February 2007.
  40. Web site: Canadian Football Hall-of-Fame Biography: Ralph Sazio. 5 March 2010.
  41. Web site: Section V Hall of Fame 2007 – 'Boomer' Scott. leroyfootball.com.
  42. Celebrity High: Westdale Secondary Alumni (Jim Young) . The Hamilton Spectator . 19 May 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070930012923/http://www.hamiltonspectator.com/NASApp/cs/ContentServer?pagename=hamilton%2FLayout%2FArticle_Type1&c=Article&cid=1147989017565&call_pageid=1020420665036&col=1014656511815 . dead . 30 September 2007 . 15 January 2008 .
  43. Web site: Official Web Site: Jessica Rakoczy. 15 January 2008.
  44. Web site: Official Web Site: Jeff Joslin. 15 January 2008.
  45. http://www.thespec.com/article/463284 Grappling tourney answer to UFC, Hamilton Spectator, November 08, 2008
  46. Web site: WWF Show Results 1984. 4 May 2009 . Graham Cawthon.
  47. Web site: WWF Show Results 1985. 4 May 2009 . Graham Cawthon.
  48. Web site: WWF Show Results 1992. 4 May 2009 . Graham Cawthon.
  49. Web site: Canadian Wrestling Hall-of-Fame: Johnny K-9. https://archive.today/20130115075108/http://www.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingBios/k9.html. usurped. 15 January 2013. 15 January 2008.
  50. Web site: Canadian Pro Wrestling Page-of-Fame: Billy Red Lyons. 15 January 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20080102163930/http://www.garywill.com/wrestling/canada/lyons.htm. 2 January 2008. dmy-all.
  51. Web site: Canadian Pro Wrestling Page-of-Fame: Dewey Robertson. 15 January 2008.
  52. Web site: Canadian Wrestling Hall-of-Fame: Johnny Powers. https://archive.today/20130101011349/http://slam.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingBios/powers_johnny.html. usurped. 1 January 2013. 15 January 2008.
  53. Web site: Canadian Pro Wrestling Page-of-Fame: Ben & Mike Sharpe. 15 January 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20080115131220/http://www.garywill.com/wrestling/canada/sharpemb.htm. 15 January 2008. dmy-all.
  54. Web site: Canadian Wrestling Hall-of-Fame: Iron Mike Sharpe. https://archive.today/20120715160746/http://slam.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingBiosS/sharpe_ironmike-can.html. usurped. 15 July 2012. 15 January 2008.
  55. Book: Wesley, Sam, David. Hamilton's Hockey Tigers. James Lorimer & Company Ltd.. 2005. 1-55028-887-3.
  56. Web site: Hamilton Arenas Listing. 23 December 2006.
  57. Web site: Arenas Maps: Ontario. 20 August 2008.
  58. Book: Cole, Stephen. The Canadian Hockey Atlas. Doubleday Canada. 2006. 978-0-385-66093-8. registration.
  59. Web site: Virtual Museum: Evolution of the Hockey Goalie. 14 August 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20080926084340/http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/Exhibitions/Hockey/English/Pregame/Evolution/goaltender.html. 26 September 2008. dmy-all.
  60. News: Fitzgerald. T.. Out of the Shadows (Stoney Creek's Dan Brown). SP8–SP9. The Hamilton Spectator. 19 February 2007.
  61. Web site: Hockeydb.com: Jamie Macoun. 15 January 2008.
  62. Web site: Sportsnet.ca Bio:: Danny Syvret. 15 March 2008.
  63. Web site: Tim Hortons Official History. 15 January 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071202101920/http://www.timhortons.com/en/pdfs/en_media_kit.pdf . 2 December 2007.
  64. Web site: Hamilton Bulldogs (Official web site). 30 December 2006.
  65. Web site: Hamilton Bulldogs Crowned 2007 Calder Cup Champions (www.sportsdomain.com). 29 June 2007.
  66. Web site: Copps Coliseum Arena information. 16 January 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070113185012/http://www.hecfi.on.ca/coppscoliseum/event_listing.asp . 13 January 2007.
  67. News: Joyce. Gary. The Puck Stopped Where?. Hamilton This Month Pg:40–47. 13 April 1991.
  68. News: Humphreys. Adrian. Hamilton hopes for move (NHL). Canada Post. 6 August 2006. 30 December 2006.
  69. Web site: Hamilton Tigers (c. 1920; 20??). 31 December 2006.
  70. News: Gretzky sees Hamilton as NHL city. (Page S3). The Hamilton Spectator. 13 September 2008.
  71. Web site: Nationals Announce Move to Hamilton. 5 March 2009. NationalsLacrosse.com press release. 4 February 2011. 7 March 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110307035733/http://nationalslacrosse.com/press-release/2057/nationals-announce-move-to-hamilton. dead.
  72. Web site: Florida Launch Set For 2014 MLL Debut; Hamilton Nationals Not Competing in '14. 21 November 2013. 27 November 2013. Inside Lacrosse. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131203212622/http://www.insidelacrosse.com/news/2013/11/21/florida-launch-set-2014-mll-debut-hamilton-nationals-not-competing-14. 3 December 2013.
  73. Web site: ROCK RELOCATE HOME GAMES TO HAMILTON. May 11, 2021. Toronto Rock press release. 2021-05-12.
  74. Web site: New owners give Cayuga International Speedway its old name. Hamilton Scores!. 1 January 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070211164727/http://www.hamiltonscores.com/autoracing/news/?article=061508168 . 11 February 2007.
  75. Web site: Flamboro Speedway Race Track. Official web site. 16 January 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20061021204336/http://www.flamborospeedway.itgo.com/02TrackInfo.htm . 21 October 2006.
  76. Web site: Flamboro Downs. Official web site. 1 January 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20061128211015/http://www.flamborodowns.com/about_us.htm . 28 November 2006.
  77. Web site: Canadian Horse Racing Hall-of-Fame: Jeffrey Fell. 15 January 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927013118/http://www.canadianhorseracinghalloffame.com/jockeys/1993/Jeff_Fell.asp . 27 September 2007.
  78. Web site: Canadian Horse Racing Hall-of-Fame: Chris Rogers. 15 January 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927013335/http://www.canadianhorseracinghalloffame.com/jockeys/1977/Chris_Rogers.asp . 27 September 2007.
  79. Web site: Canadian Horse Racing Hall-of-Fame: Don Seymour. 15 January 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927013349/http://www.canadianhorseracinghalloffame.com/jockeys/1999/Don_Seymour.asp . 27 September 2007.
  80. Web site: Hamilton & District Soccer Association. 7 September 2008.
  81. Web site: LONDON CITY RELOCATES TO HAMILTON…….Will revive pro soccer in Steeltown – Canadian Soccer League. Adamson. Stan. canadiansoccerleague.ca. 27 March 2016 . en-US. 8 August 2018.
  82. Web site: Hamilton & District Multi-Jurisdictional Soccer League. 7 September 2008.
  83. Web site: Hamilton & District Oldtimers Soccer League. 7 September 2008.
  84. Web site: Hamilton Senior Mens Soccer League. 7 September 2008.
  85. News: Peters. Ken. May 8, 2002. Pro Soccer Returns to City. The Hamilton Spectator.
  86. Web site: Archives: 2010 January. hamiltoncroatia.com. en-US. 8 August 2018.
  87. Web site: Nuke Soccer: Valerio Alesi. 15 January 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20070928144443/http://soccer.loop48.com/modules.php?name=News&new_topic=11. 28 September 2007. dmy-all.
  88. Web site: Toronto Lynx Official site: Chris Baker Bio . 15 March 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080219000431/http://www.lynxsoccer.com/site.html . 19 February 2008 . dead .
  89. Web site: Canadian Soccer Hall-of-Fame: Bob Bearpark. 15 January 2008.
  90. Web site: Canadian Soccer Hall-of-Fame: Alex Bunbury. 15 January 2008.
  91. Web site: Robert Morris University: Jamie Dodds. 15 January 2008.
  92. Web site: 2002 NEC Men's Soccer All-Conference Team : Rhian Dodds. 15 January 2008.
  93. Web site: Toronto Lynx Ulumni Profile: Milan Kojic . 15 January 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071225092145/http://www.lynxsoccer.com/site.html . 25 December 2007 . dead .
  94. Web site: Canadian Soccer Hall-of-Fame Bio: Robert McDonald. 15 January 2008.
  95. News: Kernaghan. John. From Hamilton to the Hall. The Hamilton Spectator. 27 April 2008.
  96. Web site: Northern Ireland Footballing Greats: Jimmy Nicholl. 15 January 2008.
  97. Web site: Canadian Soccer Hall-of-Fame: Carrie Serwetnyk. 15 January 2008.
  98. News: CBC Sports: "Fired up Greg Sutton looks to make big impact with Toronto FC" (Hamilton citation). 15 January 2008 . CBC News . 12 December 2006.
  99. Web site: www.baseball-reference.com/: Frank O'Rourke. 15 January 2008.
  100. Celebrity High: Westdale Secondary Alumni (Shona Thorburn) . The Hamilton Spectator . 19 May 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070930012923/http://www.hamiltonspectator.com/NASApp/cs/ContentServer?pagename=hamilton%2FLayout%2FArticle_Type1&c=Article&cid=1147989017565&call_pageid=1020420665036&col=1014656511815 . dead . 30 September 2007 . 15 January 2008 .
  101. Web site: Archived copy . 4 August 2009 . 19 March 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120319003037/http://www.thespec.com/article/389757 . dead .

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