| Spiridon Merkulov | |
| Native Name Lang: | ru |
| Office: | Chairman of the Provisional Priamurye Government |
| Term Start: | 26 May 1921 |
| Term End: | 23 July 1922 |
| Predecessor: | Office established |
| Successor: | Office abolished |
| Birth Date: | 1870 |
| Birth Name: | Spiridon Dionisevich Merkulov |
| Birth Place: | Blagoveshchensk, Russian Empire |
| Death Date: | 1957 (aged 87) |
| Death Place: | San Francisco, California, USA |
| Party: | White Movement |
| Alma Mater: | Saint Petersburg Imperial University |
Spiridon Dionisevich Merkulov (ru|Спиридон Дионисьевич Меркулов; 1870 – 1957), was a Russian politician who played a significant role in the Russian Civil War, particularly in the Far East. He briefly led the Provisional Priamurye Government from May 1921 to July 1922.
Born into a farming family in Amur, Merkulov pursued a law degree at Saint Petersburg Imperial University. He later worked for the Ministry of State Property before settling in Vladivostok, where he served as a legal adviser to the city government and held roles such as chief inspector at the Northern Insurance Company.[1]
On 26 May 1921, following a coup by White forces in Primorye, Merkulov was appointed chairman of the Provisional Priamurye Government,[2] overseeing modern-day Primorsky Krai and parts of Khabarovsk Krai.[3]
However, in the summer of 1922, his government was replaced by the Zemsky Sobor of the Amur region, led by General Mikhail Diterikhs, who imposed a military dictatorship. Merkulov was travelling to Japan and Canada in September.[4] In October 1922, the Red Army captured Vladivostok, and Merkulov unable to return to Russia.[1] He settled in San Francisco, USA, where he lived for the rest of his life. He passed away in 1957.[1]