Spinal Cord Independence Measure Explained

Outcome measures in rehabilitation medicine are tools used to evaluate the level of disability.[1] They can be beneficial for physicians to judge the path of a patient's recovery, for researchers to compare different management protocols and for politicians in order to find the cost-effectiveness of their decisions.

As an outcome measure specifically designed for spinal cord injury, the Spinal Cord Independence Measure is a tool that evaluates how safely, cheaply, and independently a patient can do basic activities of daily living.[2] [3] __TOC__

Structure

The measure consists of 19 items categorized in three subscales:self care, respiration and sphincter management, and mobility.

Psychometric property

Its last version, SCIM III has been validated in many multicenter trials[4] [5] [6] and translated into Italian,[7] Spanish,[8] Greek,[9] Portuguese,[10] Thai,[11] Turkish[12] and Persian[13] languages. It has been concluded that SCIM III has the most appropriate psychometric properties for measuring functional level of spinal cord injured individuals.[14] [15]

References

  1. Alexander. MS. 2009. Outcome measures in spinal cord injury: recent assessments and recommendations for future directions.. Spinal Cord. 47. 8. 582–591. 10.1038/sc.2009.18. 19381157. 2722687.
  2. Catz. Amiram. 1997. SCIM--spinal cord independence measure:a new disability scale for patients with spinal cord lesions.. Spinal Cord. 36. 10. 734–5. 10.1038/sj.sc.3100738. 9800278. free.
  3. Catz. Amiram. 2007. Spinal Cord Independence Measure:comprehensive ability rating scale for the spinal cord lesion patient.. The Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. 44. 1. 65–8. 10.1682/JRRD.2005.07.0123. 17551859. free.
  4. Anderson. KD. 2011. United States (US) multicenter study to assess the validity and reliability of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM III).. Spinal Cord. 49. 8. 880–885. 10.1038/sc.2011.20. 21445081. free.
  5. Itzkovich. M. 2007. The Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) version III:reliability and validity in a multi-center international study.. Disability and Rehabilitation. 29. 24. 1926–1933. 10.1080/09638280601046302. 17852230. 25972037.
  6. Catz. Amiram. 2007. A multicenter international study on the Spinal Cord Independence Measure version III: Rasch psychometric validation. Spinal Cord. 45. 4. 275–291. 10.1038/sj.sc.3101960. 16909143. free.
  7. Invernizzi. M. 2010. Development and validation of the Italian version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure III.. Disability and Rehabilitation. 54. 7. 553–560. 10.1038/sc.2015.187. 26481705. free.
  8. Zarco-perinan. MJ. 2014. Development of the Spanish version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure version III: cross cultural adaptation and reliability and validity study.. Disability and Rehabilitation. 36. 19. 1644–1651. 10.3109/09638288.2013.864713. 24320025. 34885060 .
  9. Michailidou. CML. 2016. Translation into Greek and initial validity and reliability testing of a modified version of the SCIM III, in both English and Greek, for self use.. Disability and Rehabilitation. 38. 2. 180–188. 10.3109/09638288.2015.1035454. 25875048. free.
  10. Riberto. M. 2014. Validation of the Brazilian version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure III.. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 72. 6. 439–444. 10.1590/0004-282X20140066. 24964111. free.
  11. Wannapacke. J. 2016. Reliability and discriminative ability of the spinal cord independence measure III (Thai version).. Spinal Cord. 54. 3. 213–220. 10.1038/sc.2015.114. 26169167. free.
  12. Unalan. H. 2015. Validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of Spinal Cord Independence Measure III.. Spinal Cord. 53. 6. 455–460. 10.1038/sc.2014.249. 25665539. free.
  13. Saberi. H. 2018. Development of Persian version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure III assessed by interview : a psychometric study.. Spinal Cord. 56. 10. 980–986. 10.1038/s41393-018-0160-5. 29802395. free.
  14. Anderson. K. 2008. Functional recovery measures for spinal cord injury:An evidence based review for clinical practice and research.. Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. 31. 2. 133–144. 10.1080/10790268.2008.11760704. 18581660. 2578796.
  15. Furlan. Julio C. 2010. Assessment of disability in patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injury:a systematic review of the literature.. Journal of Neurotrauma. 28. 8. 1413–1430. 10.1089/neu.2009.1148. 20367251. 3143412.

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