Spathiostemon Explained

Spathiostemon is a genus of trees in the Euphorbiaceae family. It is native to the Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Wallacea and Southeast Asia.[1] [2] [3] The trees grow between 10 and 20m tall, often in secondary forest.[4] The wood is sometimes used.

Description

The two species occur as trees or shrubs up to 20m tall.[4] They are monoecious, that is individual trees have both female and male flowers though the sexes flower at different times. Leaves are spirally arranged and simple in form, papery. Flowers do not have petals. Woody thin-walled capsules are slightly lobed, glabrous (hairless) and either smooth or spiny. There are usually 2-3 seeds per fruit, obovoid (rounded at both ends), and slightly triangular in cross/transverse section. The genus is distinguished from other Malesian Euphorbiaceae by the following traits:[5] if present the latex is not obvious; hairs are present; pistillate (female) flowers have apically split stigmas; the male (staminate) flowers have stamens that split into two equal branches, arising from 4‒7 androphores/stalks, with ultimately more than 100 stamens.

History

Carl Ludwig Blume, botanist, was born in Braunschweig, but mainly worked in the Netherlands and the Netherlands East Indies. He first described Spathiostemon as a genus in 1826 in the journal Bijdragen tot de Flora van Nederlandsch Indie.[6] [7]

Species[1]

Formerly included

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Spathiostemon Blume . Plants of the World Online (POWO) . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . 23 January 2021.
  2. Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. van Welzen, P.C. & Chayamarit, K. (2007). Flora of Thailand 8(2): 305-592. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.
  4. Web site: van Welzen . P.C. . Malesian Euphorbiaceae Descriptions: 93. SPATHIOSTEMON (Euphorbiaceae) . Flora Malesiana . Nationaal Herbarium.Netherlands . 23 January 2021.
  5. Web site: Key to the Families and Genera of Euphorbiaceae and allied families . Flora Malesiana . Nationaal Herbarium, Netherlands . 23 January 2021.
  6. Web site: Spathiostemon Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 12: 621 (1826). . International Plant Name Index (IPNI) . The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . 23 January 2021.
  7. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/422222#page/343/mode/1up Blume, Carl (Karl) Ludwig von. 1826. Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië 12: 621-622
  8. Web site: Spathiostemon forbesii (S.Moore) Airy Shaw . Plants of the World Online (POWO) . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . 23 January 2021.
  9. Web site: Spathiostemon salicinus (Hassk.) Hassk. . Plants of the World Online (POWO) . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . 23 January 2021.

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