Sociedad Hispano-Marroquí de Transportes explained

Carranza y Berndhart, S.L.
Type:Sociedad Limitada
Trade Name:Sociedad Hispano-Marroquí de Transportes, S.L.
Foundation:Tétouan, Spanish Morocco
Founder:Fernando Carranza
Johannes Bernhardt
Defunct:1945
Location City:Tétouan
Location Country:Spanish Morocco
Industry:Logistics
Equity:200,000 pts

Carranza y Berndhart, S.L., better known by its trading name Sociedad Hispano-Marroquí de Transportes (HISMA) ("Spanish-Moroccan Transport Company"), was a Spanish-German dummy company set up by the Nazi Party, through the German businessman Johannes Franz Bernhardt, to supply the National faction with arms during the course of the Spanish Civil War.[1] [2]

The company was constituted on 31 July 1936 in the city of Tétouan, capital of the Spanish protectorate of Morocco, with an initial investment of 200,000 pesetas.[3]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Salvadó. Francisco J. Romero. Historical Dictionary of the Spanish Civil War. 14 March 2013 . Scarecrow Press. 9780810880092. 79. en.
  2. Book: Barnes. James J.. Barnes. Patience P.. Nazis in Pre-War London, 1930-1939: The Fate and Role of German Party Members and British Sympathizers. 2010 . Sussex Academic Press. 9781845190545. 142. en.
  3. Web site: Johan or Johannes Franz Bernhardt - CIA. https://web.archive.org/web/20170123053803/https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/BERNHARDT%2C%20JOHANNES_0013.pdf. dead. January 23, 2017. cia.gov.