| Soyuz 27 | |||||||
| Mission Type: | Crewed mission to Salyut 6 | ||||||
| Operator: | OKB-1 | ||||||
| Cospar Id: | 1978-003A | ||||||
| Satcat: | 10560 | ||||||
| Mission Duration: | 65 days | ||||||
| Orbits Completed: | 1025 | ||||||
| Spacecraft: | Soyuz s/n 44 | ||||||
| Spacecraft Type: | Soyuz 7K-T | ||||||
| Manufacturer: | NPO Energia | ||||||
| Launch Mass: | 6800 kg | ||||||
| Launch Date: | 10 January 1978, 12:26:00 UTC | ||||||
| Launch Rocket: | Soyuz-U s/n D15000-106 | ||||||
| Launch Site: | Baikonur, Site 1/5[1] | ||||||
| Launch Contractor: | OKB-1 | ||||||
| Landing Date: | 16 March 1978, 11:18:47 UTC | ||||||
| Landing Site: | 310 km at west of Tselinograd | ||||||
| Crew Size: | 2 | ||||||
| Crew Launching: | Vladimir Dzhanibekov Oleg Makarov | ||||||
| Crew Landing: | Yuri Romanenko Georgy Grechko | ||||||
| Crew Callsign: | Russian: Памир Russian: Pamir Pamir Mountains | ||||||
| Orbit Reference: | Geocentric | ||||||
| Orbit Regime: | Low Earth | ||||||
| Orbit Periapsis: | 198.9 km | ||||||
| Orbit Apoapsis: | 253.8 km | ||||||
| Orbit Inclination: | 51.65° | ||||||
| Orbit Period: | 88.73 minutes | ||||||
| Apsis: | gee | ||||||
| Docking: |
| ||||||
| Previous Mission: | Soyuz 26 | ||||||
| Next Mission: | Soyuz 28 | ||||||
| Programme: | Soyuz programme (Crewed missions) | ||||||
Soyuz 27 (Russian: Союз 27, Union 27) was a 1978 Soviet crewed spacecraft which flew to the orbiting Salyut 6 space station, during the mission EP-1.[2] It was the third crewed flight to the station, the second successful docking and the first visitation mission. Once docked, it marked the first time that three spacecraft were docked together.
The main function of the EP-1 mission was to swap Soyuz craft with the orbiting crew, in so doing freeing a docking port for a forthcoming supply tanker. Cosmonauts Vladimir Dzhanibekov and Oleg Makarov returned to Earth in the Soyuz 26 spacecraft after spending five days on the station. The descent module is displayed at the Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov Museum of Cosmonautics in Zhytomyr, Ukraine.[3]