See main article: Sverdlov-class cruiser.
The Sverdlov-class cruisers, Soviet designation Project 68bis, were the last conventional gun cruisers built for the Soviet Navy. They were built in the 1950s and were based on Soviet, German, and Italian designs and concepts developed prior to the Second World War. They were modified to improve their sea keeping capabilities, allowing them to run at high speed in the rough waters of the North Atlantic. The basic hull was more modern and had better armor protection than the vast majority of the post Second World War gun cruiser designs built and deployed by peer nations. They also carried an extensive suite of modern radar equipment and anti-aircraft artillery. The Soviets originally planned to build 40 ships in the class, which would be supported by the s and aircraft carriers.
The Sverdlov class displaced 13,600 tons standard and 16,640 tons at full load. They were 210m (690feet) long overall and 205m (673feet) long at the waterline. They had a beam of 22m (72feet) and draught of 6.9m (22.6feet) and typically had a complement of 1,250. The hull was a completely welded new design and the ships had a double bottom for over 75% of their length. The ship also had twenty-three watertight bulkheads. The Sverdlovs had six boilers providing steam to two shaft geared steam turbines generating 118100shp. This gave the ships a maximum speed of 32.5kn. The cruisers had a range of 9000nmi at .[1]
Sverdlov-class cruisers main armament included twelve 1520NaN0/57 cal B-38 guns mounted in four triple Mk5-bis turrets. They also had twelve 100mm/56 cal Model 1934 guns in six twin SM-5-1 mounts. For anti-aircraft weaponry, the cruisers had thirty-two 37mm anti-aircraft guns in sixteen twin mounts and were also equipped with ten 5330NaN0 torpedo tubes in two mountings of five each.
The Sverdlovs had 100mm belt armor and had a 50mm armored deck. The turrets were shielded by 175mm armor and the conning tower, by 150mm armor.
The cruisers' ultimate radar suite included one 'Big Net' or 'Top Trough' air search radar, one 'High Sieve' or 'Low Sieve' air search radar, one 'Knife Rest' air search radar and one 'Slim Net' air search radar. For navigational radar they had one 'Don-2' or 'Neptune' model. For fire control purposes the ships were equipped with two 'Sun Visor' radars, two 'Top Bow' 152 mm gun radars and eight 'Egg Cup' gun radars. For electronic countermeasures the ships were equipped with two 'Watch Dog' ECM systems.
The ship was built at the Black Sea Shipyard in Mykolaiv and was launched on 29 June 1951 and commissioned on 27 March 1953.[2]
On 8 February 1953, she became a member of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet.
In 1955, she was reequipped according to the Project 67EP with the installation of the Quiver missile system (including a single KSS launch missile). It was used for experimental purposes for testing KSS anti-ship missiles at the Feodosiya test site, launching first at conventional target ships, and later at the compartment of the unfinished cruiser Stalingrad of Project 82. The Quiver complex was successfully tested, but was not adopted for service in the strength of its weakness for the designed cruisers of Project 67, the refusal of the USSR to build large surface ships, as well as the obsolescence of the KSS anti-ship missiles.
On 28 July 1960, she was disarmed and expelled from the Navy in connection with the transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale.
In June 1961, she was shot by KSShch anti-ship missiles by the Prozorliviy destroyer. She was not repaired and in 1961-62, she was cut into metal on the basis of Glavvtorchermet in Sevastopol.[3]
Part of the cruiser equipment, transferred to the Sevastopol Instrument-Making Institute (currently Sevastopol State University) in 1964, in particular, the auxiliary steam boiler KVS-68, is still used in the educational process on the technical territory of the Department of Marine Technology and Shipping (Sevastopol, Gogol street, 14, room 136).[4]
22(1953), 93(1954), 33(1954), 532(1958)
| Date | Pennant number[5] | |
|---|---|---|
| 1953 | 22 | |
| 1954 | 93 | |
| 1954 | 33 | |
| 1958 | 532 |