Southern Carrier language explained

Southern Carrier
Familycolor:dene-yeniseian
Fam1:Na-Dene
Fam2:Athabaskan
Fam3:Northern Athabaskan
Fam4:Carrier
Speakers:500
Date:1987
Ref:e25
Iso3:caf
Glotto:sout2958
Ethnicity:Dakelh
Also Known As:Lower Carrier
Nativename:Dakelh
States:Canada
Region:British Columbia
Dia1:Fraser/Nechakoh
Dia2:Blackwater

Southern Carrier, Lower Carrier or locally known as Dakelh is an endangered dialect group of the Athabaskan Carrier language of British Columbia, Canada.

Classification

Dialects

The dialects belonging to Southern Carrier roughly correspond to those to the south of Fort St. James. The group is divided into two subgroups, Fraser/Nechakoh and Blackwater which are further subdivided into individual dialects.[1]

The Fraser/Nechakoh subdivision of Southern Carrier includes the Lheidli, Saik'uz, Nadleh, Nautey, Stelakoh, Stoney Creek, Prince George and Cheslatta dialects. The Blackwater division includes the Anahim Lake, Red Bluff, Nazko, Kluskus, and Ulkatcho dialects.[2]

Usage

According to a 2016 census conducted by the Government of Canada, there were 1,270 fluent speakers of the Carrier language. Among the 1,270 speakers, 1,045 have the language as a single mother tongue and 225 have the language as one of their mother tongues.[3]

Grammar

Southern Carrier has an extremely extensive and productive system of noun classifications. It has multiple classification subsystems and they can take place in the same sentence or same verb.[4]

Language learning

FirstVoices Website

FirstVoices is an online indigenous languages archiving and learning resource administered by the First Peoples' Cultural Council of British Columbia, Canada. Dakelh/Southern Carrier language is one of the languages documented on the website.[5] Information on alphabets, words, phrases, songs, and stories are available. Both orthography and voice recordings are provided on the website. Games and a kids portal are also available for pre-readers to engage with the language.

FirstVoices App

The Nazko-Dakelh mobile application has a bilingual dictionary and a collection of Dakelh/Southern Carrier language phrases that are archived on the FirstVoices website. It is available for free on both Apple and Android mobile operating systems.

References

  1. Bird. Sonya. January 2004. Lheidli intervocalic consonants: phonetic and morphological effects. Journal of the International Phonetic Association. en. 34. 1. 69–91. 10.1017/S0025100304001616. 144631921. 0025-1003.
  2. Book: Moseley, Christopher. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages. 2008-03-10. Routledge. 9781135796402. en.
  3. Web site: Aboriginal Mother Tongue (90), Single and Multiple Mother Tongue Responses (3), Aboriginal Identity (9), Registered or Treaty Indian Status (3) and Age (12) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data. Government of Canada. Statistics Canada. 2018-03-28. www12.statcan.gc.ca. 2019-11-10.
  4. Book: Poser, William J. . Noun classification in Carrier . 2005 . Dept. of Anthropology, American Indian Studies Research Institute, Indiana University . 1016449495.
  5. Web site: FirstVoices. www.firstvoices.com. 2019-11-13.


External links