| South Australian Railways 620 Class | |
| Powertype: | Steam |
| Designer: | Fred Shea |
| Builder: | Islington Railway Workshops |
| Serialnumber: | 620-629 |
| Buildmodel: | 5782 |
| Builddate: | 1936-1938 |
| Totalproduction: | 10 |
| Whytetype: | 4-6-2 2′C1′ 2′2′ |
| Leadingdiameter: | 2feet |
| Driverdiameter: | 5feet |
| Trailingdiameter: | 3feet |
| Length: | 69feet |
| Axleload: | |
| Weightondrivers: | |
| Locoweight: | |
| Locotenderweight: | |
| Fueltype: | Coal |
| Fuelcap: | |
| Watercap: | 5200abbr=onNaNabbr=on |
| Boilerpressure: | 200psi |
| Firearea: | 33.4square feet |
| Tubearea: | 1560square feet |
| Fireboxarea: | 175square feet |
| Superheaterarea: | 421square feet |
| Cylindercount: | 2 |
| Cylindersize: | 18.5x |
| Valvegear: | Baker |
| Valvetype: | Piston |
| Tractiveeffort: | 252392NaN2 |
| Factorofadhesion: | 4.2 |
| Operator: | South Australian Railways |
| Operatorclass: | 620 |
| Numinclass: | 10 |
| Fleetnumbers: | 620-629 |
| Firstrundate: | 26 June 1936 |
| Withdrawndate: | 1961-1969 |
| Preservedunits: | 621 & 624 |
| Scrapdate: | 1963-1969 |
| Disposition: | 2 preserved, 8 scrapped |
The South Australian Railways 620 class was a class of 4-6-2 steam locomotives operated by the South Australian Railways.
The completion of the South Australian Railway (SAR) broad gauge route between Adelaide and Port Pirie created a need for a fast, light passenger locomotive to haul this service, as well as other traffic on the lightly laid 601NaN1 rail branch lines of the SAR. The specification included the ability to haul a 2000NaN0 train up a 1-in-45 (2.2%) grade at 25mi/h.[1]
Fred Shea, Chief Mechanical Engineer of the SAR designed a 1400NaN0 Pacific type. A notable feature of the design, unique to South Australian Railways,[2] was the use of Baker valve gear in lieu of the more common Walschaerts valve gear.[3] The first locomotive was completed at the Islington Railway Workshops in 1936, with the last completed in 1938.
Class leader 620 was also notable for being Australia's first streamlined locomotive, the smokebox being covered with a chromed steel grille similar to those fitted to motor cars of the period, painted in resplendent Hawthorn Green and Silver.[4] The press of the time described 620's appearance as 'a bit of fluff'. The remainder of the class was unstreamlined.
In service, the 620 class replaced the Q and S classes on branchline services, where they proved quite successful. With the introduction of the more powerful and modern 520 class from 1943, these locomotives were relegated to the Willunga, Bridgewater and Tailem Bend passenger services, as well as continued service on Murray Mallee line services (the locomotives' light axle loading providing good route ability plus the "get up and go" characteristics common to large wheeled Pacific type locomotives.
The 620 class was phased out in favour of Bluebird railcars, although a spate of railcar failures in 1954–55 saw the 620 class return to service on the Port Pirie line. All were withdrawn between 1964 and 1969.[1]
Two have been preserved:
In 1994, 621 ran a one-off steam hauled tour into Victoria shortly before the Adelaide to Melbourne line was converted from broad gauge to a standard gauge. This was the first and only time a South Australian Railways steam locomotive had worked east into Victoria and with the gauge conversion imminent, the tour would also be the last. The train travelled as far east as Bacchus Marsh, due to the locomotive being too wide for the stations situated along the Melbourne suburban railway system. The locomotive combined with R761 for the majority of the tour from Wolseley in South Australia to Bacchus Marsh in Victoria.
| Number | Date in Service | Date Condemned | Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 620 | 26 June 1936 | July 1961 | Sir Winston Dugan | |
| 621 | 7 September 1936 | Preserved, operational | Duke of Edinburgh | |
| 622 | 7 October 1936 | February 1969 | - | |
| 623 | 21 July 1937 | July 1964 | - | |
| 624 | 17 July 1937 | Static Display | - | |
| 625 | 24 August 1937 | June 1968 | - | |
| 626 | 8 October 1937 | February 1969 | - | |
| 627 | 26 November 1937 | February 1969 | - | |
| 628 | 20 December 1937 | June 1968 | - | |
| 629 | 22 March 1938 | February 1969 | - |