South African Class 35-400 Explained

South African Class 35-400
Powertype:Diesel-electric
Designer:General Electric
Builder:SA GE-DL Locomotive Group
Serialnumber:40520-40569, 41300-41349
Buildmodel:GE U15C
Builddate:1976, 1978-1980
Totalproduction:100
Aarwheels:C+C
Uicclass:Co'Co'
Britishclass:Co+Co
Wheeldiameter:9151NaN1
Wheelbase:107821NaN1
Bogie:31881NaN1
Pivotcentres:78601NaN1
Over Couplers:151521NaN1
Width:27531NaN1
Height:38741NaN1
Axleload:13720kg (30,250lb)
Weightondrivers:82320kg (181,490lb)
Locoweight:82320kg (181,490lb)
Fueltype:Diesel
Fuelcap:2700L
Primemover:GE 7FDL-8
Rpmrange:385-1,050
Rpmrange Low:385
Rpmrange Idle:450
Rpmrange Max:1,050
Enginetype:4-stroke diesel
Aspiration:Elliott H-584 turbocharger
Generator:10 pole GE 5GT-581C15
Tractionmotors:Six GE 5GE-764-C1 DC 4 pole
T/M Amps 1 Hr:655A
T/M Amps Cont:645A @ 17km/h
Cylindercount:V8
Gear Ratio:90:17
Multipleworking:4 maximum
Locobrakes:28-LAV-1 with vigilance control
Dynamicpeakeffort:138kN @ 28km/h
Trainbrakes:Westinghouse 6CDX4UC compressor/exhauster
Reservoircap:740L
Compressorcap:0.033m3/s
Exhaustercap:0.13m3/s
Coupling:AAR knuckle (SASKOP DS)
Maxspeed:100km/h
Poweroutput Start:1230kW
Poweroutput Cont:1160kW
T/E Starting:201kN @ 25% adh.
T/E Continuous:161kN @ 21km/h
F/Adh Starting:25%
F/Adh Continuous:20%
Locobrakeforce:60% ratio @ 345kPa
Operator:South African Railways
Spoornet
Transnet Freight Rail
NLPI
Tanzania Railways
Operatorclass:Class 35-400
Numinclass:100
Fleetnumbers:35-401 to 35-500
Deliverydate:1976-1980
Firstrundate:1976

The South African Railways Class of 1976 is a diesel-electric locomotive.

Between March 1976 and May 1980, the South African Railways placed one hundred Class General Electric type U15C diesel-electric locomotives in branch line service.[1]

Manufacturer

The Class type GE U15C diesel-electric locomotive was designed by General Electric (GE) and built for the South African Railways (SAR) by the South African General Electric-Dorman Long Locomotive Group (SA, later Dorbyl). The first batch of fifty locomotives was delivered between March and December 1976, numbered in the range from 35–401 to 35-450. These were followed by a second batch of fifty between October 1978 and May 1980, numbered in the range from to 35-500.[1]

Distinguishing features

The locomotive has interlinked bogies, hence the "Co+Co" wheel arrangement classification. The linkage is usually hidden from view by the saddle-shaped fuel tank.

With the two GE U15C Class 35 models, the Class can be distinguished from the Class by the length of the humps on their long hoods, the Class having a hump that is more than twice as long as that of the Class . An externally visible modification which was done during major overhauls is the addition of a saddle hood astride the long hump of the Class . By 2013 this modification had been done on a large number of long-humped Class units, but no similar modification was done on any short-humped Class .[2] [3]

Service

South African Railways

The Class 35 family is South Africa's standard branch line diesel-electric locomotive. The GE Class was designed to operate on light rail and they work on most branch lines in the central, western, southern and southeastern parts of the country.

In the Western Cape, they work out of Bellville Depot in Cape Town on the branch lines to Bitterfontein, Saldanha and Caledon, and out of Worcester to George. Since the Ceres branch was reopened during 2012 in terms of an agreement between the Ceres Rail Company and Transnet, they also work fruit container trains in that line during the fruit season.[4]

NLPI Ltd.

NLPI Limited, abbreviated from New Limpopo Projects Investments, is a Mauritius-registered company which specialises in private sector investments, using the build-operate-transfer (BOT) concept. It had three connected railway operations in Zimbabwe and Zambia that formed a rail link between South Africa and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

In Zambia, the RSZ locomotive fleet included former Zambia Railways locomotives, but the rest of the locomotive fleet of all three operations consisted of South African GM-EMD Classes , and and GE Classes and locomotives, supplied by Transnet Freight Rail (TFR). These locomotives were sometimes marked as either BBR or LOG or both, but their status, whether leased or loaned, was unclear since they were still on the TFR roster and still often worked in South Africa as well. The locomotives did not appear to be restricted to work in any one of the three operations sections and have been observed being transferred between Zimbabwe and Zambia across the bridge at Victoria Falls as required. Class locomotives which serve with NLPI include the locomotives annotated "NLPI" in the "leased or loaned" column in the table.[5]

Zambia Railways, the state-owned holding company, resumed control of the Zambian national rail network on 11 September 2012. This followed the Zambian government's decision to revoke the operating concession which had been awarded to RSZ after Finance Minister Alexander Chikwanda claimed that RSZ had "blatantly disregarded the provisions of the agreement" and had been "acting in a manner prejudicial to the interests of Zambians”.[6]

Tanzania Railways

Ten Class locomotives were leased to Tanzania Railways, where they were regauged to Metre gauge. Locomotives which served there include the ones annotated "Tanzania" in the "leased or loaned" column in the table.

Zaire

Class locomotives were also leased to Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Zaïrois (SNCZ) in Zaire and were occasionally used by Zambia Railways on their journey north through Zambia. This was done with the agreement of SNCZ, who stipulated that they could only haul transit traffic for Zaire. Class locomotives which were noted in such service through Zambia were, amongst others, two unidentified locomotives at Kabwe in August 1981, no. 35–464 at Choma in May 1985, no. 35–451 at Lusaka in February 1986, and another unidentified locomotive at Lusaka in May 1990, all under power on northbound goods.[7]

Works numbers

The Class builder's works numbers and known international deployment are listed in the table.

Liveries

The Class 35-000 were all delivered in the SAR Gulf Red livery with signal red buffer beams, yellow side stripes on the long hood sides and a yellow V on each end. In the 1990s many of the Class 35-400 units began to be repainted in the Spoornet orange livery with a yellow and blue chevron pattern on the buffer beams. In the late 1990s many were repainted once again, this time in the Spoornet blue livery with outline numbers on the long hood sides. After 2008 in the Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) era many were repainted in the TFR red, green and yellow livery.[8]

Illustration

The last picture below shows the roof of a Class U15C locomotive. It was involved in a major derailment near Moorreesburg on 7 June 2007 after the track roadbed was washed away during heavy rain and flooding.[9]

Notes and References

  1. South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended
  2. Web site: 35-003 without saddle filter.
  3. Web site: 35-001 with saddle filter.
  4. http://www.ceresrail.co.za/ Ceres Rail Company: The Story So Far
  5. http://www.railwaysafrica.com/blog/2006/12/35-class-diesels/ Railways Africa, 7 Dec 2006: 35 Class Diesels
  6. http://www.railwaygazette.com/fileadmin/user_upload/railwaygazette.com/indexes/index-railwaygazetteinternational-2012.pdf ZRL in charge as RSZ concession revoked. Railway Gazette International, 13 September 2012
  7. Spoornet Diesels Leased to ZR 1978-1993. P.F. Bagshawe.
  8. https://sites.google.com/site/soulorailway/home/system-7-1/south-eastwards-as-far-as-volksrust-2nd-section-wattles-to-union-junction-by-les-pivnic Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 9. South-Eastwards as far as Volksrust (2nd part) by Les Pivnic. Caption 4.
  9. http://rrpicturearchives.net/archivethumbs.aspx?id=23031 Derailment at Moorreesburg on 7 June 2007

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