South Africa Service Medal Explained

South Africa Service Medal
Presenter:	the President
Country:	South Africa
Type:	Military campaign medal
Eligibility:	Umkhonto we Sizwe and Azanian People's Liberation Army cadres
Awarded For:	Operational service inside South Africa
Campaign:	The "struggle"
Status:	Discontinued in 2003
Established:	1998
Precedence Label:	APLA and MK 1996 & SANDF post-2002 orders of wear
Higher:	Operational Medal for Southern Africa Operational Medal for Southern Africa
Lower:	Service Medal in Gold Gold Service Medal Tshumelo Ikatelaho

The South Africa Service Medal was instituted by the President of the Republic of South Africa in 1998. It was awarded to veteran cadres of Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Army for operational service inside South Africa during the "struggle".^[1]

MK and APLA

Umkhonto we Sizwe, abbreviated as MK, "Spear of the Nation" in Zulu, was the para-military wing of the African National Congress (ANC), while the Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) was the para-military wing of the Pan Africanist Congress. Both were established in 1961 to wage an armed "struggle" against the Nationalist government inside South Africa. On 27 April 1994, Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Army were amalgamated with five statutory defence forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}

Institution

The South Africa Service Medal was instituted by the President of South Africa in April 1998.^[1]

Award criteria

The medal could be awarded to veteran cadres of Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Army for operational service inside South Africa during the "struggle".^[1]

Order of wear

The position of the South Africa Service Medal in the official military and national orders of precedence was revised upon the institution of a new set of honours on 27 April 2003.^{[6] [7]}

Umkhonto we Sizwe:

• Official MK order of precedence:
  • Preceded by the Operational Medal for Southern Africa.
  • Succeeded by the Service Medal in Gold.^[6]

Azanian People's Liberation Army:

• Official APLA order of precedence:
  • Preceded by the Operational Medal for Southern Africa.
  • Succeeded by the Gold Service Medal.^[6]

South African National Defence Force until 26 April 2003:

• Official SANDF order of precedence:
  • Preceded by the Operational Medal for Southern Africa of Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Army.
  • Succeeded by the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal of the United Kingdom.^[6]
• Official national order of precedence:
  • Preceded by the Operational Medal for Southern Africa of Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Army.
  • Succeeded by the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal of the United Kingdom.^[6]

South African National Defence Force from 27 April 2003:

• Official SANDF order of precedence:
  • Preceded by the Operational Medal for Southern Africa of Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Army.
  • Succeeded by the Tshumelo Ikatelaho of the Republic of South Africa.^[6]
• Official national order of precedence:
  • Preceded by the Operational Medal for Southern Africa of Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Army.
  • Succeeded by the Tshumelo Ikatelaho of the Republic of South Africa.^[6]

Description

ObverseThe South Africa Service Medal is a medallion struck in nickel-silver, 38 millimetres in diameter with a raised rim, and depicts a crossed knobkierie and spear on an African shield above a map of South Africa.^{[1] [8] [9] [10]}

ReverseThe reverse has a raised rim and displays the embellished pre-1994 South African Coat of Arms.^[11]

RibbonThe ribbon is 32 millimetres wide, with a 4 millimetres wide blue band, an 8 millimetres wide yellow band and a 1 millimetre wide white band, repeated in reverse order and separated by a 6 millimetres wide red band in the centre.^{[1] [8] [10]}

Discontinuation

Conferment of the South Africa Service Medal was discontinued upon the institution of a new set of honours on 27 April 2003.^[7]

Notes and References

1. http://www.geocities.ws/militaf/lib.htm South African Medals Website - Liberation armies
2. Web site: Manifesto of Umkhonto we Sizwe. African National Congress. 16 December 1961. 2006-12-30. https://web.archive.org/web/20061217090228/http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/manifesto-mk.html . 17 December 2006.
3. http://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection36.htm TRC Final Report: Pan African Congress
4. http://sabctrc.saha.org.za/originals/finalreport/volume6/html/BMvolume6_s5ch5.htm TRC Final Report, 6:5:5
5. Warrant of the President of the Republic of South Africa for the Institution of the "UNITAS MEDAL-UNITAS-MEDALJE", Gazette no. 16087 dated 25 November 1994.
6. Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005,
7. Presidential Warrant by the President of the Republic of South Africa for the Institution of Honours for Bravery in the South African National Defence Force, Gazette no. 25213 dated 25 July 2003.
8. http://www.army.mil.za/aboutus/uniform/formerforcesmedals/mk.htm Uniform: SA Army: Former Forces Medals - Umkhonto Wesizwe (MK)
9. http://www.bidorbuy.co.za/item/149098654/MK_APLA_SOUTH_AFRICA_SERVICE_MEDAL_miniature_medal.html MK APLA South Africa Service Medal miniature medal
10. http://www.bidorbuy.co.za/item/151699044/MK_South_African_Service_Medal_Set_Full_and_Miniature.html MK South African Service Medal Set Full and Miniature
11. https://archive.today/20140627183011/http://www.bidorbuy.co.za/item/149371414/Old_MK_APLA_General_Service_Miniature_Medal.html Old MK APLA General Service Miniature Medal