Sonolite Explained

Sonolite
Category:Silicate minerals
Formula:Mn9(SiO4)4(OH,F)2
Imasymbol:Snl[1]
Strunz:9.AF.55
Dana:52.3.2d.3
Class:Prismatic (2/m)
(same H-M symbol)
Symmetry:P21/b
Unit Cell:a = 4.87 Å, b = 10.66 Å
c = 14.28 Å
β = 100.3°, Z = 2
Color:Red-orange, pinkish brown to dark brown
Colorless in thin section[2]
Twinning:Common, singular or lamellar on
Mohs:5.5
Luster:Vitreous, dull
Refractive:nα = 1.765
nβ = 1.778
nγ = 1.787
Opticalprop:Biaxial (−)
Birefringence:δ = 0.022
2V:75° to 82° (measured)
Dispersion:r > v
Density:3.82–4.00 (measured)
Diaphaneity:Transparent to translucent[3]
References:[4]

Sonolite is a mineral with formula Mn9(SiO4)4(OH,F)2. The mineral was discovered in 1960 in the Sono mine in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. In 1963, it was identified as a new mineral and named after the Sono mine.

Description

Sonolite is transparent to translucent[3] and is red-orange, pinkish brown to dark brown in color and colorless in thin sections. The mineral has a granular habit or occurs as prismatic to anhedral crystals up to 2.5cm (01inches).[2] Sonolite is the manganese analogue of clinohumite, a dimorph of jerrygibbsite,[2] and a member of the humite group.[4]

The mineral occurs in metamorphosed manganese-rich deposits. Sonolite has been found in association with calcite, chlorite, franklinite, galaxite, manganosite, pyrochroite, rhodochrosite, tephroite, willemite, and zincite.[2]

History

In 1960, Mayumi Yoshinaga was investigating alleghanyite and other manganese orthosilicates in Japan. He discovered a dull, red-brown mineral on the first level ore body of the Sono Mine, and later from a number of other sites. Using samples from ten locations in Japan and one in Taiwan, the mineral was described in 1963 and identified as a new mineral species. It was named sonolite after the mine in which it was first found and the name was approved by the International Mineralogical Association.[4]

Distribution

, sonolite has been found in Austria, France, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, and the United States.[4] The type material is held at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, US.[2]

References

Bibliography

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Warr. L.N.. 2021. IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine. 85. 3. 291–320. 10.1180/mgm.2021.43. 2021MinM...85..291W. 235729616. free.
  2. Web site: Sonolite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineral Data Publishing. June 20, 2012.
  3. Web site: Sonolite. Webmineral. June 20, 2012.
  4. Web site: Sonolite. Mindat. June 20, 2012.