Somatostatin receptor 3 explained

Shekel Somatostatin receptor type 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSTR3 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

Somatostatin acts at many sites to inhibit the release of many hormones and other secretory proteins. The biological effects of somatostatin are probably mediated by a family of G protein-coupled receptors that are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. SSTR3 is a member of the superfamily of receptors having seven transmembrane segments and is expressed in highest levels in brain and pancreatic islets. SSTR3 is functionally coupled to adenylyl cyclase.

See also

• Somatostatin receptor

Further reading

• Yamada Y, Reisine T, Law SF, Ihara Y, Kubota A, Kagimoto S, Seino M, Seino Y, Bell GI, Seino S . Somatostatin receptors, an expanding gene family: cloning and functional characterization of human SSTR3, a protein coupled to adenylyl cyclase . Molecular Endocrinology . 6 . 12 . 2136–42 . December 1992 . 10.1210/mend.6.12.1337145 . 1337145 . 28499704 . free .
• Yamada Y, Post SR, Wang K, Tager HS, Bell GI, Seino S . Cloning and functional characterization of a family of human and mouse somatostatin receptors expressed in brain, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 89 . 1 . 251–5 . January 1992 . 1346068 . 48214 . 10.1073/pnas.89.1.251 . 1992PNAS...89..251Y . free .
• Corness JD, Demchyshyn LL, Seeman P, Van Tol HH, Srikant CB, Kent G, Patel YC, Niznik HB . A human somatostatin receptor (SSTR3), located on chromosome 22, displays preferential affinity for somatostatin-14 like peptides . FEBS Letters . 321 . 2–3 . 279–84 . April 1993 . 8097479 . 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80124-D . free .
• Law SF, Zaina S, Sweet R, Yasuda K, Bell GI, Stadel J, Reisine T . Gi alpha 1 selectively couples somatostatin receptor subtype 3 to adenylyl cyclase: identification of the functional domains of this alpha subunit necessary for mediating the inhibition by somatostatin of cAMP formation . Molecular Pharmacology . 45 . 4 . 587–90 . April 1994 . 8183236 .
• Kaupmann K, Bruns C, Hoyer D, Seuwen K, Lübbert H . Distribution and second messenger coupling of four somatostatin receptor subtypes expressed in brain . FEBS Letters . 331 . 1–2 . 53–9 . September 1993 . 8405411 . 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80296-7 . free .
• Sharma K, Patel YC, Srikant CB . Subtype-selective induction of wild-type p53 and apoptosis, but not cell cycle arrest, by human somatostatin receptor 3 . Molecular Endocrinology . 10 . 12 . 1688–96 . December 1996 . 10.1210/mend.10.12.8961277 . 8961277 . free .
• Fukusumi S, Kitada C, Takekawa S, Kizawa H, Sakamoto J, Miyamoto M, Hinuma S, Kitano K, Fujino M . Identification and characterization of a novel human cortistatin-like peptide . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 232 . 1 . 157–63 . March 1997 . 9125122 . 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6252 .
• Ain KB, Taylor KD, Tofiq S, Venkataraman G . Somatostatin receptor subtype expression in human thyroid and thyroid carcinoma cell lines . The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism . 82 . 6 . 1857–62 . June 1997 . 10.1210/jcem.82.6.4013 . 9177396 . 25337792 . free .
• de Lecea L, Ruiz-Lozano P, Danielson PE, Peelle-Kirley J, Foye PE, Frankel WN, Sutcliffe JG . Cloning, mRNA expression, and chromosomal mapping of mouse and human preprocortistatin . Genomics . 42 . 3 . 499–506 . June 1997 . 9205124 . 10.1006/geno.1997.4763 .
• Roth A, Kreienkamp HJ, Meyerhof W, Richter D . Phosphorylation of four amino acid residues in the carboxyl terminus of the rat somatostatin receptor subtype 3 is crucial for its desensitization and internalization . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 38 . 23769–74 . September 1997 . 9295322 . 10.1074/jbc.272.38.23769 . free .
• Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP . The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22 . Nature . 402 . 6761 . 489–95 . December 1999 . 10591208 . 10.1038/990031 . 1999Natur.402..489D . free .
• Zatelli MC, Tagliati F, Taylor JE, Rossi R, Culler MD, degli Uberti EC . Somatostatin receptor subtypes 2 and 5 differentially affect proliferation in vitro of the human medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line tt . The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism . 86 . 5 . 2161–9 . May 2001 . 10.1210/jcem.86.5.7489 . 11344221 . free .
• Talme T, Ivanoff J, Hägglund M, Van Neerven RJ, Ivanoff A, Sundqvist KG . Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) expression and function in normal and leukaemic T-cells. Evidence for selective effects on adhesion to extracellular matrix components via SSTR2 and/or 3 . Clinical and Experimental Immunology . 125 . 1 . 71–9 . July 2001 . 11472428 . 1906108 . 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01577.x .
• Pasquali D, Notaro A, Esposito D, Vassallo P, Bonavolontà G, Bellastella A, Sinisi AA . [Somatostatin receptor genes expression and effects of octreotide on orbital fibroblasts from Graves' ophthalmopathy] . Minerva Endocrinologica . 26 . 3 . 175–9 . September 2001 . 11753241 .
• Papotti M, Bongiovanni M, Volante M, Allìa E, Landolfi S, Helboe L, Schindler M, Cole SL, Bussolati G . Expression of somatostatin receptor types 1-5 in 81 cases of gastrointestinal and pancreatic endocrine tumors. A correlative immunohistochemical and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis . Virchows Archiv . 440 . 5 . 461–75 . May 2002 . 12021920 . 10.1007/s00428-002-0609-x . 28584328 .
• Ferone D, Pivonello R, Van Hagen PM, Dalm VA, Lichtenauer-Kaligis EG, Waaijers M, Van Koetsveld PM, Mooy DM, Colao A, Minuto F, Lamberts SW, Hofland LJ . Quantitative and functional expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes in human thymocytes . American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism . 283 . 5 . E1056-66 . November 2002 . 12376335 . 10.1152/ajpendo.00205.2001 .
• Pasquali D, Notaro A, Bonavolonta' G, Vassallo P, Bellastella A, Sinisi AA . Somatostatin receptor genes are expressed in lymphocytes from retroorbital tissues in Graves' disease . The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism . 87 . 11 . 5125–9 . November 2002 . 12414882 . 10.1210/jc.2002-020790 . free .
• Dizeyi N, Konrad L, Bjartell A, Wu H, Gadaleanu V, Hansson J, Helboe L, Abrahamsson PA . Localization and mRNA expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes in human prostatic tissue and prostate cancer cell lines . Urologic Oncology . 7 . 3 . 91–8 . 2002 . 12474541 . 10.1016/S1078-1439(01)00173-9 .

External links

• Web site: Somatostatin Receptors: sst₃ . IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels . International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology .

Notes and References

1. Yamada Y, Stoffel M, Espinosa R, Xiang KS, Seino M, Seino S, Le Beau MM, Bell GI . Human somatostatin receptor genes: localization to human chromosomes 14, 17, and 22 and identification of simple tandem repeat polymorphisms . Genomics . 15 . 2 . 449–52 . February 1993 . 8449518 . 10.1006/geno.1993.1088 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: SSTR3 somatostatin receptor 3.