| Solomon Herzenstein | |
| Death Place: | Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Fields: | Zoology |
| Alma Mater: | St. Petersburg University |
Solomon Markovich Herzenstein (; 1854 – August 7, 1894) was a Russian zoologist.
Herzenstein received a degree in natural sciences and mathematics from St. Petersburg University and was appointed as the custodian of the Zoological Museum of the Imperial Academy of Science in 1879 or 1880. He also supervised practical training at the University for Women. In 1880, 1884, and 1887, he was commissioned to travel to the Murman Coast of the Kola Peninsula to study the mollusks and fishes there.
His work, "Materialy k Faunye Murmanskavo Berega i Byelavo Morya," which was published in the Trudy of the in 1885, became a standard reference. He co-wrote Zamyetki po Ikhtologii Basseina Ryeki Amura (1887) and Nauchnye Rezultaty Puteshestvi Przevalskavo (1888–91) with N. L. Varpakhovski. He also wrote Ryby (St. Petersburg, 1888-91), and published "Ichthyologische Bemerkungen" in the (1890-92).