Prevalence of tobacco use explained

Prevalence of tobacco use is reported by the World Health Organization (WHO), which focuses on cigarette smoking due to reported data limitations.[1] Smoking has therefore been studied more extensively than any other form of consumption.[2]

Smoking is generally five times more prevalent among men than women;[3] [4] however, the gender gap differs across countries and is smaller in younger age groups.[5] [6] In developed countries smoking rates for men have peaked and have begun to decline, and also started to stall or decline for women.[7] Smoking prevalence has changed little since the mid-1990s, before which time it declined in English-speaking countries due to the implementation of tobacco control. However, the number of smokers worldwide has increased from 721 million in 1980 to 967 million in 2012 and the number of cigarettes smoked increased from 4.96 trillion to 6.25 trillion due to population growth.[8]

In Western countries, smoking is more prevalent among populations with mental health problems, with alcohol and drug problems, among criminals, and among the homeless.[9] In 2002, about 20% of young teens (aged 13–15) smoked worldwide. 80,000 to 100,000 children begin smoking every day. Half of those who begin smoking in adolescent years are projected to go on to smoke for 15 to 20 years.[10]

One of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goal 3 of the United Nations (to be achieved by 2030) is to "Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate." The indicator that is used to measure progress is the prevalence of tobacco use.[11]

Background

WHO states that "Much of the disease burden and premature mortality attributable to tobacco use disproportionately affect the poor". Of the 1.22 billion smokers, 1 billion of them live in developing or transitional economies. Rates of smoking have leveled off or declined in the developed world.[12] In the developing world, tobacco consumption is rising by 3.4% per year as of 2002.

The WHO in 2004 projected 58.8 million deaths to occur globally, from which 5.4 million are tobacco-attributed, and 4.9 million as of 2007.[13] As of 2002, 70% of the deaths are in developing countries.

One of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goal 3 of the United Nations (to be achieved by 2030) is to "Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate." The indicator that is used to measure progress is the "age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use among persons aged 15 years and older".[14]

Worldwide

Prevalence of tobacco use (% of adults) worldwide[15]

Countries

The following is a list of countries by the percentage of age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use (including products such as snus) among persons 15 years and older as published by the World Health Organization.[16]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Prevalence of current tobacco use among adults aged ≥ 15 years (percentage) . 2009-01-02 . World Health Organization . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081211143334/http://www.who.int/whosis/indicators/compendium/2008/2ptu/en/ . December 11, 2008 .
  2. Web site: Mayo report on addressing the worldwide tobacco epidemic through effective, evidence-based treatment . 2009-01-02 . World Health Organization . 2 . 2004-05-12 . https://web.archive.org/web/20040512172549/https://www.who.int/tobacco/resources/publications/mayo/en/index.html . dead .
  3. Book: G. Emmanuel . Guindon . David . Boisclair . Past, current and future trends in tobacco use . 2009-03-22 . 2003 . The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank . Washington DC . 13–16 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090318003729/http://www1.worldbank.org/tobacco/pdf/Guindon-Past,%20current-%20whole.pdf . March 18, 2009 .
  4. Web site: Gender empowerment and female-to-male smoking prevalence ratios . World Health Organization . 10 Sep 2020 . 16 September 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200916101426/https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/89/3/10-079905/en/ . dead .
  5. Web site: Women and the Tobacco Epidemic: Challenges for the 21st Century. 2009-01-02. The World Health Organization, and the Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. 2001. World Health Organization. 5–6. 2009-02-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20090207002856/http://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/WomenMonograph.pdf. dead.
  6. Web site: Surgeon General's Report—Women and Smoking . 2009-01-03 . 2001 . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 47 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081204062326/http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_2001/sgr_women_chapters.htm . December 4, 2008 .
  7. Book: Richard. Peto. Alan D. Lopez. Jillian. Boreham. Michael. Thun. Mortality from Smoking in Developed Countries 1950-2000: indirect estimates from national vital statistics. 2009-03-22. 2006. Oxford University Press. 9. https://web.archive.org/web/20050224232603/http://www.ctsu.ox.ac.uk/~tobacco/SMK_All_PAGES.pdf. 2005-02-24. dead.
  8. Ng. Marie. Smoking Prevalence and Cigarette Consumption in 187 Countries, 1980-2012. Journal of the American Medical Association. Jan 8, 2014. 183–192. 10.1001/jama.2013.284692. 311. 2. 24399557.
  9. Book: West, Robert . Shiffman, Saul . amp . Fast Facts: Smoking Cessation. Health Press Ltd.. 2007. 978-1-903734-98-8. 20, 26.
  10. Web site: WHO/WPRO-Smoking Statistics . 2009-01-01 . 2002-05-28 . World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20091108181404/http://www.wpro.who.int/media_centre/fact_sheets/fs_20020528.htm . November 8, 2009 .
  11. United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)
  12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2009. Cigarette smoking among adults and trends in smoking cessation - United States, 2008. Full free text. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 58. 44. 1227–1232. 19910909. 2017-09-10. 2017-09-16. https://web.archive.org/web/20170916142331/https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5844a2.htm. live.
  13. Web site: 2007-05-29. WHO/WPRO-Tobacco Fact sheet. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20090207100241/http://www.wpro.who.int/media_centre/fact_sheets/fs_20070529.htm. 2009-02-07. 2009-01-01. World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific.
  14. United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)
  15. Web site: Prevalence of current tobacco use (% of adults). data.worldbank.org. 2 June 2022.
  16. Web site: Estimates of current tobacco use prevalence (%) ]|access-date=2 June 2022}].

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