Slovene verbs explained

This article describes the conjugation and use of verbs in Slovene. Further information about the grammar of the Slovene language can be found in the article Slovene grammar.

This article follows the tonal orthography. For the conversion into pitch orthography, see Slovene national phonetic transcription.

Grammatical categories

Persons and numbers

Slovene has three numbers (singular, dual, plural), for more information see Slovene declension.

Slovene also has three persons:

1. First person, used to refer to the speaker or a group the speaker is a part of.
2. Second person, used to refer to the listener or for a general subject (the same as what one is used in English or man in German).
3. Third person, used to refer to a person that does participate in a conversation, when there is no subject (with impersonal verbs) and when the subject is not in nominative case (e. g. Slovenian: mene ni doma 'I am not home', but literally 'I is not home').

First and third person can be used instead of second when talking to children. Second person can be used instead of the first when one is talking to oneself and want to sound detached.

Tenses

In Slovene, there are four tenses:

1. The present tense .
2. The past or preterite tense .
3. The pluperfect (past perfect) tense .
4. The future tense .

Moods

There are 4 verb moods:

1. Indicative mood, which is used to state a fact or opinion. It can be in all aforementioned tenses.
2. Imperative mood, which is used to give commands. It can only be in present tense.
3. Conditional mood, which is used to state possibilities or wishes, for example, If only I were... It can be in present or preterite tense.
4. Optative or hortative mood, which is used to give commands, for assumptions and for encouragement. It can be in all tenses. Both names are usually used interchangeably, but since there are two ways of formation, terms in this article refer to different ways of formation, especially because only one of them can be used for encouragement (and can hence be called hortative). In Slovene literature, this mood is only considered to be extension of the indicative and conditional mood.

Non-finite forms

In addition, there are several non-finite forms:

1. Long infinitive in Slovenian: -ti/Slovenian: -či and short infinitive in Slovenian: -t/Slovenian: -č, the use of the latter one is limited to non-formal situations and mostly to speech.
2. Supine in Slovenian: -t/Slovenian: -č .
3. Two present active participles, in Slovenian: -č and in Slovenian: -e, indicating ongoing action.
4. Two past active participles, in Slovenian: -l and in Slovenian: -(v)ši, indicating a past or completed action.
5. A past passive participle in Slovenian: -n or Slovenian: -t, indicating an action having been performed on something.
6. Gerund, indicating an act or a thing being acted upon.

Aspect

As in all Slavic languages, Slovene verbs are classified based on their aspect:

1. Perfective (Slovenian: dovršni) verbs, which represent a completed action.
2. Imperfective (Slovenian: nedovršni) verbs, which represent an ongoing action.

Each verb is either perfective or imperfective, and most verbs occur in pairs to express the same meaning with different aspects. For example, the concept of jumping is expressed in the 2 different aspects is, which has an imperfective aspect and can roughly be translated as to be jumping (continuously), and, which has a perfective aspect and can roughly be translated as to jump (once). While each aspect is represented by a full verb with its own distinct conjugation, certain combinations are not or rarely used in one aspect or the other. For example, imperfective verbs generally lack a past passive participle, while perfective verbs usually have no present participles. Additionally, the present tense has 2 different meanings depending on the aspect of a verb. For imperfective verbs, it has present meaning, while for perfective verbs, it has a future meaning expressing a desire to carry out the action. For example, Slovenian: To kravo hočem prodati. "I want to sell the cow" (compare this with the future tense Slovenian: To kravo bom prodal. "I will sell the cow").

Transitivity

As well, verbs can be classified based on their transitivity . Many verbs in Slovene can be both transitive and intransitive depending on their use in a sentence. However, all reflexive verbs, which are marked by the pronoun (one self), are intransitive.

Impersonal verbs

There are also impersonal verbs; these can only have forms for third person and participles in neuter gender. These are mostly verbs to describe weather, such as 'to rain' and 'to thunder'.

Voices

There are three voices: active, passive, and reflexive . Active and reflexive voice can be in all tenses, while passive voice cannot be in pluperfect or past (and future) conditional.

Verb classes

Verbs are often classified into six classes, depending on their verbal suffix in infinitive:

• Class I has no verbal suffix, e. g. 'carry' and 'drink'.
• Class II has suffix Slovenian: -ni-, e. g. 'sink, sag'.
• Class III has suffix Slovenian: -e- or Slovenian: -a- and Slovenian: -i- in present stem, e. g. 'sit' and 'scream'.
• Class IV has suffix Slovenian: -i-, e. g. 'aim'.
• Class V has suffixes Slovenian: -a-, Slovenian: -va-, Slovenian: -ja-, Slovenian: -ˈava-, Slovenian: -ˈeva-, Slovenian: -ira-, or Slovenian: -izira- (but Slovenian: a never changes into Slovenian: i), e. g. 'weave' and 'write'.
• Class VI has suffixes Slovenian: -ovˈa- (hard) or Slovenian: -evˈa- (soft), e. g. 'buy'

Accentual types

There are several different accentual types, that can be divided differently. It is rarely divided the same way as in Proto-Slavic because all the accent shifts have made such division impractical. It is usually divided where the accent is situated and thus the verbs are divided into seven groups.

• Accent is not directly before the endings (marked as I)
• Accent is directly before infinitive ending and not directly before present indicative endings (marked as II A)
• Accent can be on two different vowels in infinitive (marked as II B)
• Accent is on other vowel in infinitive and present indicative (marked as II C)
• Accent is on the last vowel (marked as II D); currently, only verb and its derivatives follows this pattern. In the past, verbs and also followed this pattern.
• Accent is directly before the endings (marked as III)
• Accent is not directly before infinitive ending and directly before present indicative endings (marked as IV)

Polite forms

Slovene has T–V distinction and has many different polite forms. See T–V distinction in the world's languages § Slovene for when they are used.

• Forms showed here are forms.
• is formed by replacing second person singular with plural, participles are in masculine forms.
• is formed by replacing second person singular with plural, but participles stay in singular.
• is formed by replacing second person and third person singular with third person plural, participles are in masculine forms.
• is formed by replacing second person with third person, participles are in neuter forms.

Morphological structure

Verbs in Slovene have a complex morphological structure as they consist of several phonemes. The core of a verb form prefixes, roots and root suffixes. Root is the only of these three morphemes that is not optional and other morphemes are added to it. In most cases only one is present in a verb, but there are also verbs with more than one root, e. g. 'to urbanize'. Prefixes often indicate a perfective verb. Most verbs have none or one prefix, but some can also have more, such as 'split evenly'. Root suffixes are not so common; an example would be 'cut wood' or 'to urbanize'. These parts together convey the meaning of a verb.

The stem is formed by adding a verbal suffix, which influences the aspect (vs. 'break'; the first one is perfective, the other one imperfective) and the conjugation. Verbs have two stems. The present stem forms the base for all forms of the present indicative and the imperative, as well as the present participles. The infinitive stem forms the infinitives, supine, gerund, and past participles.

Stem is then followed by the form suffix, e. g. Slovenian: -ti for long infinitive, Slovenian: -l for past active participle and Slovenian: -i for imperative. The suffix is then followed by the ending, which is specific for each person/number/case. There are also free morphemes, such as 'pretend', 'make mistakes' or 'love'.

Conjugation

Only the present indicative, the imperative and the non-finite forms are usually formed synthetically, by changing the form of the verb directly. All other forms are periphrastic (analytic), and are formed using auxiliary verbs or other additional words.

Verbs are separated based on the ending vowel of their stem.

Present indicative

In present indicative, verbs have mostly the same endings across all declensions, but those following accentual type II D, III, IV, and some following II A can also have a special stylistically marked ending in third person plural. Those that have ending Slovenian: -ø-m have the infix Slovenian: -s- in second person plural and second / third person dual. The extra Slovenian: -e- is added to the endings when the verb stem ends in a consonant. This Slovenian: -e- causes changes to stems ending in Slovenian: -k- or Slovenian: -g- (which have an infinitive in Slovenian: -); these become Slovenian: -č- and Slovenian: -ž- before the present tense endings.

Singular! colspan="3"

Dual	Plural
1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
								All	II D / III / IV
Slovenian: -a-m|i=no	Slovenian: -a-š|i=no	Slovenian: -a-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -a-va|i=no	Slovenian: -a-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -a-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -a-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -a-te|i=no	Slovenian: -a-jo|i=no	Slovenian: -a-jo|i=no
Slovenian: -i-m|i=no	Slovenian: -i-š|i=no	Slovenian: -i-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -i-va|i=no	Slovenian: -i-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -i-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -i-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -i-te|i=no	Slovenian: -i-jo|i=no	Slovenian: -e-ø|i=no
Slovenian: -e-m|i=no	Slovenian: -e-š|i=no	Slovenian: -e-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -e-va|i=no	Slovenian: -e-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -e-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -e-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -e-te|i=no	Slovenian: -e-jo|i=no	Slovenian: -o-ø*|i=no
Slovenian: -je-m|i=no	Slovenian: -je-š|i=no	Slovenian: -je-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -je-va|i=no	Slovenian: -je-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -je-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -je-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -je-te|i=no	Slovenian: -je-jo|i=no	Slovenian: -o-ø|i=no
Slovenian: -ø-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-š|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-va|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-sta|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-sta|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-ste|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-jo|i=no / Slovenian: -do-ø|i=no
Only if the stressed Slovenian: e is open-mid

The special ending in third person plural are always acute, but otherwise do not change the accent, except for the lengthening of short vowels. Verbs following II B, II C and III can be either acute or allow both accents in infinitive, but that does not affect the further accent changes. Verbs following II D, when accented on the same vowel on the stem as in infinitive also have the same accent. Dialectally, verbs in Slovenian: -ø-m can also omit the Slovenian: -s- infix, and it is common for speakers of Littoral dialect group to add the infix elsewhere, as well as to use the ending Slovenian: -do. Ending Slovenian: -o can also have some verbs in Slovenian: -ø-ti Slovenian: -e-m (those from Proto-Slavic accentual type a/c, and accentual type c if they had accent on a long vowel in the stem) e.g.,,, as well as all vowels in Slovenian: -ø-ti Slovenian: -je-m, e. g. .

Forms in brackets are not officially recognized to be correct in standard Slovene. All verbs in Slovenian: -i-m can archaically have short accent on the last syllable in dual and plural, as well as verb .

Accentualtype! rowspan="2"

Infinitive	Singular			Dual			Plural
1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
I		Slovenian: rȋšem|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšeš|i=no	Slovenian: rȋše|i=no	Slovenian: rȋševa|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšeta|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšeta|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšemo|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšete|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšejo|i=no
		Slovenian: mȋslim|i=no	Slovenian: mȋsliš|i=no	Slovenian: mȋsli|i=no	Slovenian: mȋsliva|i=no	Slovenian: mȋslita|i=no	Slovenian: mȋslita|i=no	Slovenian: mȋslimo|i=no	Slovenian: mȋslite|i=no	Slovenian: mȋslijo|i=no
		Slovenian: tískam|i=no	Slovenian: tískaš|i=no	Slovenian: tíska|i=no	Slovenian: tískava|i=no	Slovenian: tískata|i=no	Slovenian: tískata|i=no	Slovenian: tískamo|i=no	Slovenian: tískate|i=no	Slovenian: tískajo|i=no
II A		Slovenian: bȋjem|i=no	Slovenian: bȋješ|i=no	Slovenian: bȋje|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjeva|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjeta|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjeta|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjemo|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjete|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjejo|i=no / Slovenian: bijọ́|i=no
		Slovenian: píjem|i=no	Slovenian: píješ|i=no	Slovenian: píje|i=no	Slovenian: píjeva|i=no	Slovenian: píjeta|i=no	Slovenian: píjeta|i=no	Slovenian: píjemo|i=no	Slovenian: píjete|i=no	Slovenian: píjejo|i=no / Slovenian: pijọ́|i=no
II B	/ Slovenian: zidáti|i=no	Slovenian: zídam|i=no	Slovenian: zídaš|i=no	Slovenian: zída|i=no	Slovenian: zídava|i=no	Slovenian: zídata|i=no	Slovenian: zídata|i=no	Slovenian: zídamo|i=no	Slovenian: zídate|i=no	Slovenian: zídajo|i=no
II C		Slovenian: sȇjem|i=no	Slovenian: sȇješ|i=no	Slovenian: sȇje|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjeva|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjeta|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjeta|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjemo|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjete|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjejo|i=no
		Slovenian: kújem|i=no	Slovenian: kúješ|i=no	Slovenian: kúje|i=no	Slovenian: kújeva|i=no	Slovenian: kújeta|i=no	Slovenian: kújeta|i=no	Slovenian: kújemo|i=no	Slovenian: kújete|i=no	Slovenian: kújejo|i=no
II D	/ Slovenian: cvə̀sti|i=no	Slovenian: cvətȅm|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀tem|i=no)	Slovenian: cvətȅš|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀teš|i=no)	Slovenian: cvətȅ|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀te|i=no)	Slovenian: cvə̀teva|i=no /(Slovenian: cvətéva|i=no)	Slovenian: cvə̀teta|i=no /(Slovenian: cvətéta|i=no)	Slovenian: cvə̀teta|i=no /(Slovenian: cvətéta|i=no)	Slovenian: cvə̀temo|i=no /(Slovenian: cvətémo|i=no)	Slovenian: cvə̀tete|i=no /(Slovenian: cvətéte|i=no)	Slovenian: cvə̀tejo|i=no / Slovenian: cvətọ́|i=no /(Slovenian: cvətéjo|i=no)
III		Slovenian: ravnȃm|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃš|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃ|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃva|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃta|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃta|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃmo|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃte|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃjov|i=no
		Slovenian: kričím|i=no	Slovenian: kričíš|i=no	Slovenian: kričí|i=no	Slovenian: kričíva|i=no	Slovenian: kričíta|i=no	Slovenian: kričíta|i=no	Slovenian: kričímo|i=no	Slovenian: kričíte|i=no	Slovenian: kričíjo|i=no / Slovenian: kričẹ́|i=no
		Slovenian: žgȅm|i=no	Slovenian: žgȅš|i=no	Slovenian: žgȅ|i=no	Slovenian: žgéva|i=no	Slovenian: žgéta|i=no	Slovenian: žgéta|i=no	Slovenian: žgémo|i=no	Slovenian: žgéte|i=no	Slovenian: žgéjo|i=no / Slovenian: žgọ́|i=no
IV		Slovenian: vẹ́m|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́š|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́va|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́sta|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́sta|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́mo|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́ste|i=no	Slovenian: véjo|i=no / Slovenian: vedọ́|i=no

Imperative mood

The imperative mood is used to give commands, and only exists in the present tense. There are no forms for the third person plural, and use for first and third person singular and third person dual is stylistically marked.

The following endings are added to the present stem of a verb, to form the present indicative. If the present stem ends in Slovenian: -a-, the initial Slovenian: -i- of the ending changes to a Slovenian: -j-. Present stems ending with other vowels drop their final vowel. If the present stem ends in a vowel followed by Slovenian: -j-, then the initial Slovenian: -i- of the ending is omitted. The endings also cause changes to stems ending in Slovenian: -k- or Slovenian: -g- (which have an infinitive in Slovenian: -či); these become Slovenian: -c- and Slovenian: -z-, respectively before the imperative endings, although colloquially they keep the same consonants as in present indicative (Slovenian: -č- and Slovenian: -ž-, respectively).

Dual! colspan="2"

Plural
	Any person	1st	2nd / 3rd	1st	2nd
Slovenian: -a-m|i=no	Slovenian: -a-j-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -a-j-va|i=no	Slovenian: -a-j-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -a-j-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -a-j-te|i=no
Slovenian: -i-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-va|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-te|i=no
Slovenian: -e-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-va|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-i-te|i=no
Slovenian: -ø-je-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-va|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-te|i=no
Slovenian: -ø-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-ø|i=no / Slovenian: -ø-di-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-va|i=no /Slovenian: -ø-di-va|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-ta|i=no /Slovenian: -ø-di-ta|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-mo|i=no /Slovenian: -ø-di-mo|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-j-te|i=no /Slovenian: -ø-di-te|i=no

Verbs change accent in imperative based on the accent in infinitive and indicative, as well as where in the word the accent is:

• Accentual type II A, circumflex indicative: singular is acute if the accent is not on the last syllable, otherwise it allows both accents, except final open-mid Slovenian: e, which is circumflex. In dual and plural, accent is circumflex if the accent is on the penultimate syllable, otherwise it is acute.
• Accentual type II C and III, circumflex indicative: accent is circumflex if on the last syllable in singular and on the penultimate syllable in dual and plural, otherwise it is acute.
• Accentual type II and III, cute indicative: singular is acute, but allows both accents on the last syllable. In dual and plural, accent is circumflex if the accent is on the penultimate syllable, otherwise it is acute.
• Accentual type III, short accent in indicative: accent is acute, except on the penultimate syllable in dual and plural.
• Accentual type IV: accent is acute except on the last syllable in singular and penultimate syllable in dual and plural, where it is circumflex.
• Some acute verbs following accentual type I can in imperative follow II B (example,). The accent therefore changes the same way as with those.
• Acute verbs following accentual type III that are circumflex in passive participle and the accent is on the same syllable in indicative can be acute or circumflex (example).
• Verbs, and change the accent irregularly.
• All verbs that change the accentuated vowel, except accentual type III, are in many dialects always accentuated on the first vowel throughout.

Accentualtype! rowspan="2"

Infinitive	Indicative	Singular	Dual		Plural
Any person		1st	2nd / 3rd	1st	2nd
I		Slovenian: rȋšem|i=no	Slovenian: rȋši|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšiva|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšita|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšimo|i=no	Slovenian: rȋšite|i=no
		Slovenian: mȋslim|i=no	Slovenian: mísli|i=no	Slovenian: mísliva|i=no	Slovenian: míslita|i=no	Slovenian: míslimo|i=no	Slovenian: míslite|i=no
		Slovenian: čȃkam|i=no	Slovenian: čákaj|i=no	Slovenian: čákajva|i=no /Slovenian: čakȃjva|i=no	Slovenian: čákajta|i=no /Slovenian: čakȃjta|i=no	Slovenian: čakajmo|i=no /Slovenian: čakȃjmo|i=no	Slovenian: čákajte|i=no /Slovenian: čakȃjte|i=no
		Slovenian: glẹ̑dam|i=no	Slovenian: glēj|i=no / Slovenian: glȅj|i=no /Slovenian: glẹ́di|i=no	Slovenian: glējva|i=no /Slovenian: glẹ́diva|i=no	Slovenian: glējta|i=no /Slovenian: glẹ́dita|i=no	Slovenian: glējmo|i=no /Slovenian: glẹ́dimo|i=no	Slovenian: glējte|i=no /Slovenian: glẹ́dite|i=no
		Slovenian: tískam|i=no	Slovenian: tískaj|i=no	Slovenian: tískajva|i=no	Slovenian: tískajta|i=no	Slovenian: tískajmo|i=no	Slovenian: tískajte|i=no
		Slovenian: blískam|i=no	Slovenian: blískaj|i=no	Slovenian: blískajva|i=no /Slovenian: bliskȃjva|i=no	Slovenian: blískajta|i=no /Slovenian: bliskȃjta|i=no	Slovenian: blískajmo|i=no /Slovenian: blískȃjte|i=no	Slovenian: blískajte|i=no /Slovenian: bliskȃjte|i=no
II A		Slovenian: krȃdem|i=no	Slovenian: krádi|i=no	Slovenian: krádiva|i=no	Slovenian: krádita|i=no	Slovenian: krádimo|i=no	Slovenian: krádite|i=no
		Slovenian: bȋjem|i=no	Slovenian: bīj|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjva|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjta|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjmo|i=no	Slovenian: bȋjte|i=no
		Slovenian: vstȃnem|i=no	Slovenian: vstáni|i=no	Slovenian: vstanȋva|i=no /(Slovenian: vstánite|i=no)	Slovenian: vstanȋta|i=no /(Slovenian: vstánita|i=no)	Slovenian: vstanȋmo|i=no /(Slovenian: vstánimo|i=no)	Slovenian: vstanȋte|i=no /(Slovenian: vstánite|i=no)
		Slovenian: štȇjem|i=no /(Slovenian: štẹjem|i=no)	Slovenian: štēj|i=no / Slovenian: štȅj|i=no /(Slovenian: štẹ̄j|i=no)	Slovenian: štȇjva|i=no /(Slovenian: štẹ̑jva|i=no)	Slovenian: štȇjta|i=no /(Slovenian: štẹ̑jta|i=no)	Slovenian: štȇjmo|i=no /(Slovenian: štẹ̑jmo|i=no)	Slovenian: štȇjte|i=no /(Slovenian: štẹ̑jte|i=no)
		Slovenian: grízem|i=no	Slovenian: grízi|i=no	Slovenian: gríziva|i=no	Slovenian: grízita|i=no	Slovenian: grízimo|i=no	Slovenian: grízite|i=no
		Slovenian: píjem|i=no	Slovenian: pīj|i=no	Slovenian: pȋjva|i=no	Slovenian: pȋjta|i=no	Slovenian: pȋjmo|i=no	Slovenian: pȋjte|i=no
		Slovenian: bérem|i=no	Slovenian: béri|i=no	Slovenian: berȋva|i=no /(Slovenian: bériva|i=no)	Slovenian: berȋta|i=no /(Slovenian: bérita|i=no)	Slovenian: berȋmo|i=no /(Slovenian: bérimo|i=no)	Slovenian: berȋte|i=no /(Slovenian: bérite|i=no)
II B	/ Slovenian: zidáti|i=no	Slovenian: zídam|i=no	Slovenian: zídaj|i=no	Slovenian: zídajva|i=no /Slovenian: zidȃjva|i=no	Slovenian: zídajta|i=no /Slovenian: zidȃjta|i=no	Slovenian: zídajmo|i=no /Slovenian: zidȃjmo|i=no	Slovenian: zídajte|i=no /Slovenian: zidȃjte|i=no
II C		Slovenian: skọ̑čim|i=no	Slovenian: skóči|i=no	Slovenian: skočȋva|i=no /(Slovenian: skóčiva|i=no)	Slovenian: skočȋta|i=no /(Slovenian: skóčita|i=no)	Slovenian: skočȋmo|i=no /(Slovenian: skóčimo|i=no)	Slovenian: skočȋte|i=no /(Slovenian: skóčite|i=no)
		Slovenian: sȇjem|i=no	Slovenian: sȇj|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjva|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjta|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjmo|i=no	Slovenian: sȇjte|i=no
		Slovenian: razȗmem|i=no	Slovenian: razūmi|i=no	Slovenian: razūmiva|i=no /Slovenian: razumȋva|i=no	Slovenian: razūmita|i=no /Slovenian: razumȋta|i=no	Slovenian: razūmimo|i=no /Slovenian: razumȋmo|i=no	Slovenian: razūmite|i=no /Slovenian: razumȋte|i=no
		Slovenian: nọ́sim|i=no	Slovenian: nósi|i=no	Slovenian: nosȋva|i=no /(Slovenian: nósita|i=no)	Slovenian: nosȋta|i=no /(Slovenian: nósita|i=no)	Slovenian: nosȋmo|i=no /(Slovenian: nósimo|i=no)	Slovenian: nosȋte|i=no /(Slovenian: nósite|i=no)
		Slovenian: kújem|i=no	Slovenian: kūj|i=no	Slovenian: kȗjva|i=no	Slovenian: kȗjta|i=no	Slovenian: kȗjmo|i=no	Slovenian: kȗjte|i=no
II D	/ Slovenian: cvə̀sti|i=no	Slovenian: cvətȅm|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀tem|i=no)	Slovenian: cvətȉ|i=no /Slovenian: cvə̀ti|i=no	Slovenian: cvətȋva|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀tiva|i=no)	Slovenian: cvətȋta|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀tita|i=no)	Slovenian: cvətȋmo|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀timo|i=no)	Slovenian: cvətȋte|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀tite|i=no)
III		Slovenian: peljȃm|i=no	Slovenian: pélji|i=no	Slovenian: péljiva|i=no	Slovenian: péljita|i=no	Slovenian: péljimo|i=no	Slovenian: péljite|i=no
		Slovenian: ravnȃm|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃj|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃjva|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃjta|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃjmo|i=no	Slovenian: ravnȃjte|i=no
		Slovenian: kričím|i=no	Slovenian: kríči|i=no	Slovenian: kričȋva|i=no	Slovenian: kričȋta|i=no	Slovenian: kričȋmo|i=no	Slovenian: kričȋte|i=no
		Slovenian: stojím|i=no	Slovenian: stọ̄j|i=no	Slovenian: stọ̑jva|i=no	Slovenian: stọ̑jta|i=no	Slovenian: stọ̑jmo|i=no	Slovenian: stọ̑jte|i=no
		Slovenian: zakrivím|i=no	Slovenian: zakrīvi|i=no	Slovenian: zakrivȋva|i=no	Slovenian: zakrivȋta|i=no	Slovenian: zakrivȋmo|i=no	Slovenian: zakrivȋte|i=no
		Slovenian: žgȅm|i=no	Slovenian: žgì|i=no	Slovenian: žgȋva|i=no	Slovenian: žgȋta|i=no	Slovenian: žgȋmo|i=no	Slovenian: žgȋte|i=no
		Slovenian: trȅm|i=no	Slovenian: trì|i=no	Slovenian: trȋva|i=no	Slovenian: trȋta|i=no	Slovenian: trȋmo|i=no	Slovenian: trȋte|i=no
IV		Slovenian: vẹ́m|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́di|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́diva|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́dita|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́dimo|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́dita|i=no
		Slovenian: povẹ́m|i=no	Slovenian: povẹ̑j|i=no /Slovenian: povȅj|i=no	Slovenian: povȇjva|i=no	Slovenian: povȇjta|i=no	Slovenian: povȇjmo|i=no	Slovenian: povȇjte|i=no

Examples:

• Slovenian: '''Pospravi''' svojo sobo. (Tidy your room.)
• Slovenian: '''Pojdimo''' se igrat. (Let's play. Literally, Let's go playing)
• Slovenian: Jaz '''delaj''' in '''garaj''', ti pa boš zapravljal. (I should be working and toiling while you spend the money. – Such use is stylistically marked.)
• Slovenian: Pa '''bodi''' po tvojem. ([Let] it be your way. – Such use is stylistically marked.)

Present active participles

There are two present active participles, which are used almost exclusively with imperfective verbs. They correspond to the English participle in English: -ing, and indicate ongoing or current action.

The first is an adjectival participle. It is formed by adding Slovenian: -eč to verbs with present stem in Slovenian: -i- or those ending in Slovenian: p/Slovenian: b/Slovenian: v + Slovenian: -e- or rarely any other consonant (which lose their final vowel), Slovenian: -joč to verbs with present stem in Slovenian: -a- (the vowel is kept, so Slovenian: -ajoč), and Slovenian: -oč to other verbs with present stem ending in Slovenian: -e-. It declines as a regular soft adjective with fixed accent and is compared periphrastically. Adverb ending in Slovenian: -če is used when the participle is adjectivalized.

Singular nominative! rowspan="2"

Adverb
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Definite Masculine
Slovenian: -a-m|i=no	Slovenian: -a-joč-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -a-joč-a|i=no	Slovenian: -a-joč-e|i=no	Slovenian: -a-joč-i|i=no	Slovenian: -a-joč-ø|i=no / Slovenian: -a-joč-e|i=no
Slovenian: -i-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-a|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-e|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-i|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-ø|i=no / Slovenian: -ø-eč-e|i=no
Slovenian: p/b/v-e-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-a|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-e|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-i|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-eč-ø|i=no / Slovenian: -ø-eč-e|i=no
Slovenian: -e-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-oč-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-oč-a|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-oč-e|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-oč-i|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-oč-ø|i=no / Slovenian: -ø-eč-e|i=no
Slovenian: -je-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-joč-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-joč-a|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-joč-e|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-joč-i|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-joč-ø|i=no / Slovenian: -ø-joč-e|i=no
Slovenian: -ø-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-doč-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-doč-a|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-doč-e|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-doč-i|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-doč-ø|i=no / Slovenian: -ø-doč-e|i=no

The accent is the same for all accentual types, however it is differentiated between different endings. The accent is always on the final Slovenian: o or Slovenian: e. Slovenian: o is long close-mid, but can be short in masculine singular nominative form when it is used as an adjective. Slovenian: e is short in masculine singular nominative form and long close-mid in others, but can also be long close-mid in all forms if not used as an adjective.

The accent is acute, except in masculine singular nominative form, where it allows both accents.

Singular nominative! rowspan="2"

Adverb
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Definite Masculine
Slovenian: -a-m|i=no	/Slovenian: zidajȍč|i=no	Slovenian: zidajọ́ča|i=no	Slovenian: zidajọ́če|i=no	Slovenian: zidajọ́či|i=no	Slovenian: zidajọ̄č|i=no /Slovenian: zidajọ́če|i=no
Slovenian: -i-m|i=no		Slovenian: nosẹ́ča|i=no	Slovenian: nosẹ́če|i=no	Slovenian: nosẹ́či|i=no	Slovenian: nosȅč|i=no /Slovenian: nosẹ̄č|i=no /Slovenian: nosẹ́če|i=no
Slovenian: -e-m|i=no		Slovenian: bodẹ́ča|i=no	Slovenian: bodẹ́če|i=no	Slovenian: bodẹ́či|i=no	Slovenian: bodȅč|i=no /Slovenian: bodẹ̄č|i=no /Slovenian: bodẹ́če|i=no
Slovenian: -e-m|i=no	/Slovenian: tekȍč|i=no	Slovenian: tekọ́ča|i=no	Slovenian: tekọ́če|i=no	Slovenian: tekọ́či|i=no	Slovenian: tekọ̄č|i=no /Slovenian: tekọ́če|i=no
Slovenian: -je-m|i=no	/Slovenian: pijȍč|i=no	Slovenian: pijọ́ča|i=no	Slovenian: pijọ́če|i=no	Slovenian: pijọ́či|i=no	Slovenian: pijọ̄č|i=no /Slovenian: pijọ́če|i=no
Slovenian: -ø-m|i=no	/Slovenian: vedȍč|i=no	Slovenian: vedọ́ča|i=no	Slovenian: vedọ́če|i=no	Slovenian: vedọ́či|i=no	Slovenian: vedọ̄č|i=no /Slovenian: vedọ́če|i=no

Examples:

• Slovenian: Otrok, ki joka, je '''jokajoč''' otrok|italic=no. (A child that cries is a crying child.)
• Slovenian: V sobo je vstopil glasno '''pojoč'''|italic=no. (He entered the room singing loudly.)
• Slovenian: Vprašanje ga je '''boleče''' prizadelo.|italic=no (The question painfully hurt his feelings.)

The second is an adverbial participle. It was originally the nominative singular of the first participle, which had an irregular form. It is formed by removing Slovenian: -č from the first participle and changing Slovenian: -o to Slovenian: -e. For verbs whose infinitive stem ends in Slovenian: -ova-ti or Slovenian: -eva-ti and some in Slovenian: -a-ti Slovenian: -a-m/Slovenian: -e-m, infinitive stem is used instead. Verbs with present stem in Slovenian: -uje-m usually also take the infinitive verbal suffix, but archaic form is made with present suffix. Again, the accent depends fully on the type of ending and not on the accentual type. If the accent is on the last syllable, then it allows both accents, otherwise it is circumflex.

Present active participle in Slovenian: -e endings!!Ending!Example

Slovenian: -a-m|i=no	Slovenian: -a-je|i=no
Slovenian: -i-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-e|i=no
Slovenian: -e-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-e|i=no
Slovenian: -je-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-e|i=no
Slovenian: -uje-m|i=no	(Slovenian: -uje-ø|i=no)	/(Slovenian: vzdihujẹ̄|i=no)
Slovenian: -ø-m|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-de|i=no
Slovenian: -ova-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -ova-je|i=no
Slovenian: -eva-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -eva-je|i=no

Example:

• Slovenian: '''Sede''' se je pretegnil|italic=no. ([While] sitting, he stretched.)

Infinitives and supine

There are 2 verbal nouns: the infinitive, which can be long or short and the supine .

The long infinitive is the basic verb form found in dictionaries, and ends in Slovenian: '''-ti'''.

The supine and short infinitive are formed by dropping the last Slovenian: -i of the infinitive. Supine is used after verbs that designate motion. For example, the supine would be used in the following sentences (the supine has been put in bold):

• Slovenian: V novi svet so odšli '''iskat''' bogastvo|italic=no. (They went to the New World to seek fortune.)
• Slovenian: Pojdi se '''solit'''|italic=no. (Literally, Go salt yourself. This idiomatic statement is used to express annoyance or refusal)
• Slovenian: Stekli smo '''pogasit''' ogenj|italic=no. (We ran to put out the fire.)

When the infinitive or supine ending is attached to an infinitive stem ending in a consonant, that consonant may change, as follows:

• Slovenian: -p-ti → Slovenian: -ps-ti (Slovenian: tépem "beat")
• Slovenian: -b-ti → Slovenian: -bs-ti (Slovenian: grébem "scratch, scrape")
• Slovenian: -d-ti → Slovenian: -s-ti (Slovenian: sẹ̑dem "sit down")
• Slovenian: -jd-ti → Slovenian: -j-ti (Slovenian: nájdem "find (something lost)")
• Slovenian: -t-ti → Slovenian: -s-ti (Slovenian: plétem "braid")
• Slovenian: -st-ti → Slovenian: -s-ti (Slovenian: rástem "grow")
• Slovenian: -z-ti → Slovenian: -s-ti (Slovenian: grízem "bite, chew")
• Slovenian: -g-ti → Slovenian: -č-i (Slovenian: lẹ̑žem (Slovenian: lẹ́gel) "lie down")
• Slovenian: -k-ti → Slovenian: -č-i (Slovenian: réčem (Slovenian: rékel) "say")

Infinitive! rowspan="2"

Supine
Long	Short
Slovenian: -a-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -a-t|i=no
Slovenian: -i(-ø)-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -i(-ø)-t|i=no
Slovenian: -e(-ø)-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -e(-ø)-t|i=no
Slovenian: -u-ø-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -u-ø-t|i=no
Slovenian: C-ø-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-t|i=no
Slovenian: -č-ø-i|i=no	Slovenian: -č(-t)|i=no

However, there is an accentual difference between short infinitive and supine. In addition, accent in supine is in some accentual types different between perfective and imperfective verbs. Short infinitive has the same accent as supine of perfective verbs, except for two irregular verbs detailed below. The accent is determined by the accentual type, as well as stem vowel and the position in a word:

• Supine is circumflex if the last syllable is accentuated, otherwise it is acute, except verbs that are circumflex in the infinitive – these are always circumflex.
• Verbs following accentual type I, II B, II D and IV have acute accent on the stem on same syllable as long infinitive.
• Other accentual types can have short accent on the last syllable, long accent on the last syllable or long accent on non-final syllable.
• Verbs in Slovenian: -č-ø-i and Slovenian: j-ø-ti follow the same accentual changes as other Slovenian: -ø-ti, but the Slovenian: -st changes into Slovenian: -č and Slovenian: -jt, respectively. The examples given below are added just to illustrate those changes and not to have separate accent changes.

Verbs in Slovenian: -č-ø-i usually have short infinitive and supine in Slovenian: -č-ø-ø, but some dialects add Slovenian: -t at the end, which is also common in colloquial speech.

Ending! rowspan="2"

Accentualtype	Infinitive		Supine
Long	Short	Imperfective	Perfective
Slovenian: -a-ti|i=no	II A	(Slovenian: stȃnem|i=no)	Slovenian: stȁt|i=no	Slovenian: stȁt|i=no	Slovenian: prestȁt|i=no
			Slovenian: brȁt|i=no	Slovenian: brȃt|i=no	Slovenian: prebrȁt|i=no
	II C, III		Slovenian: trepetȁt|i=no	Slovenian: trepetȁt|i=no	Slovenian: zatrepetȁt|i=no
			Slovenian: kovȁt|i=no	Slovenian: kovȃt|i=no	Slovenian: podkovȁt|i=no
			Slovenian: péljat|i=no(Slovenian: -̍a-t|i=no)	Slovenian: péljat|i=no(Slovenian: -̍a-t|i=no)	Slovenian: zapéljat|i=no(Slovenian: -̍a-t|i=no)
Slovenian: -i(-ø)-ti|i=no	II A, III		Slovenian: pȋt|i=no / Slovenian: pȉt|i=no	Slovenian: pȋt|i=no	Slovenian: zapȋt|i=no / Slovenian: zapȉt|i=no
	II C		Slovenian: tóčit|i=no(Slovenian: -̍i-t|i=no)	Slovenian: tóčit|i=no(Slovenian: -̍i-t|i=no)	Slovenian: natóčit|i=no(Slovenian: -̍i-t|i=no)
Slovenian: -e(-ø)-ti|i=no	II A, II C, III		Slovenian: plẹ̑t|i=no	Slovenian: plẹ̑t|i=no	Slovenian: plẹ̑t|i=no
Slovenian: -u-ø-ti|i=no	II A		Slovenian: čȗt|i=no / Slovenian: čȕt|i=no	Slovenian: čȗt|i=no	Slovenian: čȗt|i=no / Slovenian: čȕt|i=no
Slovenian: -as-ø-ti|i=no	II A		Slovenian: krȁst|i=no	Slovenian: krȃst|i=no	Slovenian: ukrȁst|i=no
Slovenian: -is-ø-ti|i=no	II A		Slovenian: grȋst|i=no / Slovenian: grȉst|i=no	Slovenian: grȋst|i=no	Slovenian: pogrȋst|i=no / Slovenian: pogrȉst|i=no
Slovenian: -ẹs-ø-ti|i=no	II A		Slovenian: lẹ̑st|i=no / Slovenian: lȅst|i=no	Slovenian: lẹ̑st|i=no	Slovenian: zlẹ̑st|i=no / Slovenian: zlȅst|i=no
Slovenian: -ọs-ø-ti|i=no	II A		Slovenian: gọ̑st|i=no / Slovenian: gȍst|i=no	Slovenian: gọ̑st|i=no	Slovenian: zagọ̑st|i=no / Slovenian: zagȍst|i=no
Slovenian: -es-ø-ti|i=no	II A		Slovenian: plȇst|i=no / Slovenian: plȅst|i=no	Slovenian: plȇst|i=no / Slovenian: plȅst|i=no	Slovenian: splȇst|i=no / Slovenian: splȅst|i=no
Slovenian: -os-ø-ti|i=no	II A		Slovenian: bȏst|i=no / Slovenian: bȍst|i=no	Slovenian: bȏst|i=no / Slovenian: bȍst|i=no	Slovenian: zbȏst|i=no / Slovenian: zbȍst|i=no
Slovenian: -ø-či|i=no	II A		Slovenian: tȇč(t)|i=no / Slovenian: tȅč(t)|i=no	Slovenian: tȇč(t)|i=no / Slovenian: tȅč(t)|i=no	Slovenian: pretȇč(t)|i=no / Slovenian: pretȅč(t)|i=no
Slovenian: -j-ø-ti|i=no	II A		Slovenian: nȁjt|i=no	/	Slovenian: nȁjt|i=no
irregular			Slovenian: bȁt se|i=no / Slovenian: bȃt se|i=no	Slovenian: bȃt se|i=no	Slovenian: zbȁt se|i=no
		(Slovenian: stojím|i=no)	Slovenian: stȁt|i=no / Slovenian: stȃt|i=no	Slovenian: stȃt|i=no	Slovenian: postȁt|i=no

Some verbs in Slovenian: -a-ti following accentual type II A, II C or III can follow two subpatterns, which are also present in participle in Slovenian: -l. The first subpattern has long accent in supine of imperfective verbs and masculine nominative singular form of participle in Slovenian: -l. The second subpattern transfers the accent to the syllable before and only exists in accentual types II C and III. Verbs in Slovenian: -e-ti Slovenian: -i-m following accentual type III can also have either long close-mid or short open-mid vowel in short infinitive.

Verb! colspan="2"

Supine	Short Inf.	Slovenian: -l participle(masc. nom. sing.)
			Impef.	Perf.
Regular		Slovenian: trepetȁt|i=no	Slovenian: zatrepetȁt|i=no	Slovenian: trepetȁt|i=no	Slovenian: trepetȁl|i=no
Long vowel		Slovenian: kovȃt|i=no	Slovenian: podkovȁt|i=no	Slovenian: kovȁt|i=no	Slovenian: kovȃl|i=no
Accent shift		Slovenian: péljat|i=no	Slovenian: zapéljat|i=no	Slovenian: péljat|i=no	Slovenian: péljal|i=no

Past active participles

There are two kinds of past active participle, used with different functions.

The l-participle exists for all verbs, and is used mainly to form the past and future tense. It is further split into two categories; the descriptive l-participle is used only for analytical forms and therefore can only exist in nominative case and always has to appear with an auxiliary verb. The stative l-participle denotes a state of an object and can also be used as a stand-alone adjective, but not all verbs have it.

It is formed by adding Slovenian: '''-l''' to the infinitive stem. A fill vowel (schwa, Slovenian: -e-) is inserted in the masculine singular form when attached to verbs with an infinitive stem ending in a consonant.

Past active participle in -l endings

Infinitive	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Slovenian: -a(-ø)-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -a-ł-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -a-l-a|i=no	Slovenian: -a-l-o|i=no
Slovenian: -i(-ø)-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -i-ł-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -i-l-a|i=no	Slovenian: -i-l-o|i=no
-Slovenian: e(-ø)-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -e-ł-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -e-l-a|i=no	Slovenian: -e-l-o|i=no
Slovenian: -u-ø-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -u-ł-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -u-l-a|i=no	Slovenian: -e-l-o|i=no
Slovenian: C-ø-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -ə-ł-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-l-a|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-l-o|i=no
Slovenian: -ø-či|i=no	Slovenian: -ə-ł-ø|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-l-a|i=no	Slovenian: -ø-l-o|i=no

Stative l-participle can be the same as the descriptive l-participle (→ Slovenian: vrȅł/Slovenian: vrẹ́ł), but it sometimes changes to have a fill vowel (→ Slovenian: otŕpəł). The accent can also change between the two.

Accentually, masculine form has the same accent as imperfective verbs in supine, with the exception being verbs in Slovenian: -e-ti and accentual type II D, and the tone can also change. In feminine and neuter forms, short accent lengthens if short, and shifts in accentual types II B and II C.

Verbs in Slovenian: -e-ti, when the supine is accentuated on the last syllable, can have either long close-mid or short accent on e in masculine form. Verbs in Slovenian: -r-e-ti lose the Slovenian: e and the accent is on Slovenian: r. Verbs following accentual type II D have short accent on the last syllable.

Tone is determined by the tone in long infinitive and present indicative, as well as accent length and position in masculine form and accentual type. Based on the accent in masculine form, verbs can belong to one of three groups:

1. Long accent on the last syllable
2. Short accent on the last syllable
3. Long accent that is not on the last syllable

Similarly to imperative, the accent of some verbs following accentual type I can also shift to the next syllable. In these forms, accentual changes are the same as for verbs following accentual type II C.

There are also exceptions; verbs in prefix + that do not have an alternative version ending in Slovenian: živiti|-živiti (e. g.) and verbs in prefix +, which may change to Slovenian: -jti (e. g.) allow both accents in masculine form, the latter ones also in all other forms.

It further declines as a regular fixed or mobile accent adjective and is compared periphrastically. Other forms have the same accent as neuter gender.

Accentualtype! rowspan="2"

Infinitive →present	Used as a participle			Notes
Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
I	Slovenian: V̑ → Slovenian: V̑		Slovenian: rȋsala|i=no	Slovenian: rȋsalo|i=no
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̑		Slovenian: otr̄pnila|i=no	Slovenian: otŕpnilo|i=no
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́		Slovenian: tískala|i=no	Slovenian: tískalo|i=no
II A	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̑	(1)	Slovenian: obúla|i=no	Slovenian: obūlo|i=no
		(2 or 3)	Slovenian: krádla|i=no	Slovenian: krádlo|i=no
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́	(1)	Slovenian: píla|i=no	Slovenian: pȋlo|i=no
		(2)	Slovenian: mlẹ́la|i=no	Slovenian: mlẹ́lo|i=no
		(2)	Slovenian: klȃla|i=no	Slovenian: klálo|i=no	If Slovenian: a is accented.
		(3)	Slovenian: grízla|i=no	Slovenian: grízlo|i=no
		/ Slovenian: sópəł|i=no (3)	Slovenian: sópla|i=no	Slovenian: sóplo|i=no	If the accent in masculine singular form is on the open-mid vowel,Slovenian: ə, or if all other forms but masculine singular have open-midvowel, except if they have a consonant cluster Slovenian: tl/Slovenian: dl.
		/ Slovenian: brēdəł|i=no (3)	Slovenian: brédla|i=no	Slovenian: brédlo|i=no	If the accent in masculine singular form is on the open-mid vowel,Slovenian: ə, or if all other forms but masculine singular have open-mid vowel and they have a consonant cluster Slovenian: tl/Slovenian: dl.
II B	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́		Slovenian: zidȃla|i=no /Slovenian: zídala|i=no(styl.)	Slovenian: zidálo|i=no /Slovenian: zídalo|i=no(styl.)
II C	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̑	(1)	Slovenian: sejāla|i=no	Slovenian: sejȃlo|i=no
		(2)	Slovenian: razumẹ̄la|i=no	Slovenian: razumẹ́lo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -e-ti.
		(2)	Slovenian: kupovȃla|i=no	Slovenian: kupoválo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -a-ti.
		(3)	Slovenian: skočȋla|i=no	Slovenian: skočílo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -i-ti.
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́	(1)	Slovenian: kovála|i=no	Slovenian: kovȃlo|i=no
		(2 or 3)	Slovenian: hotẹ̄la|i=no	Slovenian: hotẹ́lo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -e-ti. Slovenian: hotẹ́ti is irregular,but used to illustrate accent in masculineform when it is not short.
		(2)	Slovenian: iskȃla|i=no	Slovenian: iskálo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -a-ti.
		(3)	Slovenian: nosȋla|i=no	Slovenian: nosílo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -i-ti.
II D	Slovenian: V̏ → Slovenian: V̏	/(Slovenian: cvə̀təł|i=no)	Slovenian: cvətlȁ|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀tla|i=no)	Slovenian: cvətlȍ|i=no /(Slovenian: cvə̀tlo|i=no)
III	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̑	(1)	Slovenian: smẹ̄la|i=no	Slovenian: smẹ̄lo|i=no
		(2 or 3)	Slovenian: smẹ̄la|i=no	Slovenian: smẹ́lo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -e-ti.
		(3)	Slovenian: peljȃla|i=no	Slovenian: peljálo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -a-ti.
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́	(1)	Slovenian: spála|i=no	Slovenian: spȃlo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -a-ti or Slovenian: -i-ti.
		(1)	Slovenian: zelenẹ̄la|i=no	Slovenian: zelenẹ̄lo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -e-ti.
		(1)	Slovenian: bála se|i=no	Slovenian: bálo se|i=no	Only verbs Slovenian: báti se and (Slovenian: stojim)
		(2 or 3)	Slovenian: klečȃla|i=no	Slovenian: klečálo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -a-ti.
		(2 or 3)	Slovenian: želẹ̄la|i=no	Slovenian: želẹ́lo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -e-ti. Slovenian: želẹ́ti is irregular,but used to illustrate accent in masculineform when it is not short.
		(2 or 3)	Slovenian: pomnožíla|i=no	Slovenian: pomnožȋlo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: -i-ti.
		(3)	Slovenian: jẹ́dla|i=no	Slovenian: jẹ́dlo|i=no	If the verb ends in Slovenian: C-ø-ti.
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̏	(1)	Slovenian: žgála|i=no	Slovenian: žgȃlo|i=no
		(1)	Slovenian: začẹ̄la|i=no	Slovenian: začẹ́lo|i=no	Verbs in Slovenian: -č-e-ti.
		(2)	Slovenian: tkȃla|i=no	Slovenian: tkálo|i=no
		(2)	Slovenian: dospẹ̄la|i=no	Slovenian: dospẹ́lo|i=no	If Slovenian: e is accented in feminine form.
IV	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́		Slovenian: vẹ̄dela|i=no	Slovenian: vẹ́delo|i=no

Types where accent shifts between forms, however, can vary widely between dialects. Verbs following accentual type II A colloquially prefer to have fixed accent. Verbs in Slovenian: -i-ti can also have fixed accent on the first syllable.

Stative participles decline as regular hard adjectives with fixed accent and are compared periphrastically.Examples:

• Slovenian: '''Videl''' sem|italic-=no. (I saw.)
• Slovenian: Ob tej novici je '''prebledela'''|italic-=no. (Upon [hearing] the news, she became pale.)

The š-participle is also an adjectival participle, and is rarely used in modern Slovene and mostly as an adverb. It denotes completed action, and is equivalent to the English construct with having + past participle. It is formed by adding Slovenian: '''-vši''' to the infinitive stem. The ending is only Slovenian: '''-ši''' if the infinitive stem ends in a consonant. Accent is almost always circumflex and on the penultimate syllable, some can also have the same accent as l-participle (example Slovenian: vídeti). Slovenian: e before Slovenian: -vši is always close-mid, but Slovenian: o and Slovenian: e before Slovenian: -ši are the same as in l-participle.

The only example of š-participle used in modern Slovene is Slovenian: bȋvši, meaning "ex", but aside from that few other verbs have commonly used š-participle as an adjective.

Past active participle in Slovenian: -š endings and accent!!Infinitive!Masculine!Feminine!Neuter!Adverb

Slovenian: -a-ti|i=no		(Slovenian: izdelȃvši|i=no)	(Slovenian: izdelȃvša|i=no)	(Slovenian: izdelȃvše|i=no)	Slovenian: izdelȃvši|i=no
Slovenian: -i-ti|i=no		(Slovenian: spodbudȋvši|i=no)	(Slovenian: spodbudȋvša|i=no)	(Slovenian: spodbudȋvše|i=no)	Slovenian: spodbudȋvši|i=no
Slovenian: -e-ti|i=no		(Slovenian: zadẹ̑vši|i=no)	(Slovenian: zadẹ̑vša|i=no)	(Slovenian: zadẹ̑vše|i=no)	Slovenian: zadẹ̑vši|i=no
Slovenian: -u-ti|i=no		(Slovenian: čȗvši|i=no)	(Slovenian: čȗvša|i=no)	(Slovenian: čȗvše|i=no)	Slovenian: čȗvši|i=no
Slovenian: -ø-ti|i=no		Slovenian: prisẹ̑dši|i=no	Slovenian: prisẹ̑dša|i=no	Slovenian: prisẹ̑dše|i=no	Slovenian: prisẹ̑dši|i=no
		(Slovenian: splȇtši|i=no)	(Slovenian: splȇtša|i=no)	(Slovenian: splȇtše|i=no)	Slovenian: splȇtši|i=no
		(Slovenian: pȋvši|i=no)	(Slovenian: pȋvša|i=no)	(Slovenian: pȋvše|i=no)	Slovenian: pȋvši|i=no
		(Slovenian: vidẹ̑vši|i=no) /(Slovenian: vídevši|i=no)	(Slovenian: vidẹ̑vša|i=no) /(Slovenian: vídevša|i=no)	(Slovenian: vidẹ̑vše|i=no) /(Slovenian: vídevše|i=no)	Slovenian: vidẹ̑vši|i=no /Slovenian: vídevši|i=no

Examples:

• Slovenian: '''Stopivši''' iz hiše, se je napotil v krčmo|italic-=no. (Having stepped out of the house, he headed to the pub.)
• Slovenian: '''Prišedši''' gost se je usedel za mizo.|italic-=no (Having come guest sat down by the table.)

Past passive participle

This participle corresponds to the English participle in -ed or -en, and is an adjective that indicates a state of having undergone an action. It exists only for transitive verbs, and almost only if they are perfective. It is formed with two possible suffixes, Slovenian: '''-n''' or Slovenian: '''-t''', but further formation is affected by stem, as well as accentual type. Similarly to l-participle, it is also divided into descriptive and stative passive participle.

Both accentual type and stem affect the accent position, which is marked with Slovenian: ˈ in the following table. If it is not marked, then it is on the same syllable on the stem as in long infinitive. All accents are long, except in Slovenian: -i-ti Slovenian: -i-m and Slovenian: es-ø-ti / Slovenian: os-ø-ti forms, as well as accentual type II D, which are short if marked.

Participle further declines as a regular fixed accent adjective and is compared periphrastically.

Masculine singular ending in past passive participle!!I!II a!II b!II c!II d!III!IV

Slovenian: -a(-ø)-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -a-n|i=no	Slovenian: -a̍-ø-n|i=no	Slovenian: -a-n|i=no	Slovenian: -a̍-n|i=no	/	Slovenian: -a̍-n|i=no	Slovenian: -a-n|i=no
Slovenian: -i-ti|i=no Slovenian: -i-m|i=no	Slovenian: -je-n|i=no	/	Slovenian: -je-n|i=no	Slovenian: -je-n|i=no	/	Slovenian: -je̍-n|i=no	/
Slovenian: -i(-ø)-ti|i=no Slovenian: -(j)e-m|i=no	Slovenian: -je-n|i=no	Slovenian: -i̍-ø-t|i=no	Slovenian: -je-n|i=no	Slovenian: -je-n|i=no	/	/	/
Slovenian: -e(-ø)-ti|i=no	Slovenian: -e-n|i=no	Slovenian: -e̍-ø-t|i=no /Slovenian: -̍ø-ø-t|i=no	/	Slovenian: -e̍-ø-t|i=no /Slovenian: -̍ø-ø-t|i=no	/	Slovenian: -e̍-ø-t|i=no /Slovenian: -̍ø-ø-t|i=no	Slovenian: -e-n|i=no
Slovenian: -u-ø-ti|i=no	/	Slovenian: -u̍-ø-t|i=no	/	/	/	/	/
Slovenian: as-ø-ti|i=noSlovenian: is-ø-ti|i=no Slovenian: ẹs-ø-ti|i=no Slovenian: ọs-ø-ti|i=no	/	Slovenian: -e-n|i=no	/	/	Slovenian: -e̍-n|i=no	/	/
Slovenian: es-ø-ti|i=noSlovenian: os-ø-ti|i=no	/	Slovenian: -e̍-n|i=no	/	/	/	/	/

When stem ending in a consonant is followed by Slovenian: j, it iotizes.

* These forms follow verbs ending in Slovenian: -r-e-ti (e. g., Slovenian: dȓt "gush, shout").

The t-participle is always circumflex, while n-participle is circumflex or acute, depending on the accentual type, and accent in infinitive and present indicative:

Past passive participle in Slovenian: -n accentual changes

Accentualtype	Infinitive →present	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Notes
I	Slovenian: V̑ → Slovenian: V̑		Slovenian: rȋsana|i=no	Slovenian: rȋsano|i=no
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̑		Slovenian: mȋšljena|i=no	Slovenian: mȋšljeno|i=no
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́		Slovenian: tískana|i=no	Slovenian: tískano|i=no
II A	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̑		Slovenian: krȃdena|i=no	Slovenian: krȃdeno|i=no
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́		Slovenian: ogrȋzena|i=no	Slovenian: ogrȋzeno|i=no
			Slovenian: prebrána|i=no	Slovenian: prebráno|i=no	If the accent is on Slovenian: -a-n.
			Slovenian: preneséna|i=no	Slovenian: preneséno|i=no	If the accent is on Slovenian: -e-n.
			Slovenian: nājdena|i=no	Slovenian: nājdeno|i=no	verbs derived from .
II B	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́		Slovenian: zídana|i=no	Slovenian: zídano|i=no
II C	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̑		Slovenian: zaskọ̑čena|i=no	Slovenian: zaskọ̑čeno|i=no	If the accent is on the same vowel as in present indicative.
			Slovenian: kupována|i=no	Slovenian: kupováno|i=no	If the accent is not on the same vowel as in present indicative anddoes not have long stress on the last syllable in l-participle.
			Slovenian: posejāna|i=no	Slovenian: posejāno|i=no	If the accent is not on the same vowel as in present indicative andhas long stress on the last syllable in l-participle.
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́		Slovenian: podkována|i=no	Slovenian: podkováno|i=no
II D	Slovenian: V̏ → Slovenian: V̏		Slovenian: razcvəténa|i=no	Slovenian: razcvəténo|i=no
III	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̑		Slovenian: poravnána|i=no	Slovenian: poravnáno|i=no
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́		Slovenian: zakrȋvljena|i=no	Slovenian: zakrȋvljeno|i=no
			Slovenian: zaspána|i=no	Slovenian: zaspáno|i=no	If the accent is on Slovenian: -a-n.
			Slovenian: zadušéna|i=no	Slovenian: zadušéno|i=no	If the accent is on Slovenian: -e-n.
			Slovenian: rojéna|i=no	Slovenian: rojéno|i=no	Exception.
			Slovenian: ogrọ̄žena|i=no	Slovenian: ogrọ̄ženo|i=no	Exception. Same pattern also follows .
	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V̏		Slovenian: žgána|i=no	Slovenian: žgáno|i=no
IV	Slovenian: V́ → Slovenian: V́		Slovenian: zapovẹ̑dana|i=no	Slovenian: zapovẹ̑dano|i=no

Examples of this participle are:

• Slovenian: '''Parkiran''' avto je bil ukraden|italic-=no. (The parked car was stolen.) (perhaps better in the active voice, "Parkiran avto so ukradli.")
• Slovenian: Sodišče je sodilo '''obtožen'''emu roparju|italic-=no. (The court tried the accused robber.)
• Slovenian: '''Spočit''' konj je čakal na dvorišču|italic-=no. (A rested horse was waiting on the yard.)

Gerund

Gerund is formed by adding an ending Slovenian: '''-je''' to the past passive participle. Accent position is the same as in the passive participle and accent is the same as in long infinitive, except when on Slovenian: -a-n-je or Slovenian: -e-n-je, when it becomes (apart from some irregularities) circumflex and acute, respectively. Some can also be archaically accented on the last syllable with a short accent. There are also some irregular gerunds, such as .

Gerund is also split into two categories, but most verbs can have both (i. e. is not one or the other as is the case with participles). There is the true gerund, which means an act of doing something, and objectified gerund, which means a thing being acted upon. Not all verbs also have objectified gerund.

Gerund declines as a regular soft o-stem nouns following first neuter declension, but some can be singularia tantum.

! rowspan="2"

Passiveparticiple	True gerund in singular		Objectified gerund in singular
Nominative	Genitive	Nominative	Genitive
Most		Slovenian: rȋsanje|i=no	Slovenian: rȋsanja|i=no	Slovenian: rȋsanje|i=no	Slovenian: rȋsanja|i=no
Accent onSlovenian: -a-n-je		Slovenian: kovȃnje|i=no	Slovenian: kovȃnja|i=no	Slovenian: kovȃnje|i=no	Slovenian: kovȃnja|i=no
Accent onSlovenian: -e-n-je		Slovenian: trpljénje|i=no	Slovenian: trpljénja|i=no	Slovenian: trpljénje|i=no	Slovenian: trpljénja|i=no
Ending accent		Slovenian: vpitjȅ|i=no (arch.)Slovenian: vpitjẹ́|i=no (obs.)	Slovenian: vpitjȁ|i=no (arch.)Slovenian: vpitjá|i=no (obs.)	Slovenian: vpitjȅ|i=no (arch.)Slovenian: vpitjẹ́|i=no (obs.)	Slovenian: vpitjȁ|i=no (arch.)Slovenian: vpitjá|i=no (obs.)
Accentual type II B,verbs in Slovenian: -a-ti		Slovenian: zídanje|i=no / Slovenian: zidȃnje|i=no	Slovenian: zídanja|i=no /Slovenian: zidȃnja|i=no	Slovenian: zídanje|i=no / Slovenian: zidȃnje|i=no	Slovenian: zídanja|i=no /Slovenian: zidȃnja|i=no
Different gerunds		Slovenian: šívanje|i=no /Slovenian: šivȃnje|i=no	Slovenian: šívanja|i=no /Slovenian: šivȃnja|i=no	Slovenian: šivȃnje|i=no	Slovenian: šivȃnja|i=no
Irregular accent shift	Slovenian: misliti|mȋšljen|i=no	Slovenian: mišljénje|i=no	Slovenian: mišljénja|i=no	Slovenian: mišljénje|i=no	Slovenian: mišljénja|i=no
Irregular	Slovenian: spán|i=no	Slovenian: spánje|i=no	Slovenian: spánja|i=no	/	/
Irregular(Slovenian: stȃnem)	Slovenian: *stȃn|i=no	Slovenian: stānje|i=no	Slovenian: stānja|i=no	Slovenian: stānje|i=no	Slovenian: stānja|i=no
This form does not exist and is there only for demonstrative purposes.

Negative forms

Three verbs,,, and have special negative forms in present indicative:

Infinitive! colspan="3"

Singular	Dual			Plural
1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Slovenian: bīti|i=no	Slovenian: nísem|i=no	Slovenian: nísi|i=no	Slovenian: ní|i=no	Slovenian: nísva|i=no	Slovenian: nísta|i=no	Slovenian: nísta|i=no	Slovenian: nísmo|i=no	Slovenian: níste|i=no	Slovenian: níso|i=no
Slovenian: imẹ́ti|i=no	Slovenian: nȋmam|i=no /Slovenian: nímam|i=no (styl.)	Slovenian: nȋmaš|i=no /Slovenian: nímaš|i=no (styl.)	Slovenian: nȋma|i=no /Slovenian: níma|i=no (styl.)	Slovenian: nȋmava|i=no /Slovenian: nímava|i=no (styl.)	Slovenian: nȋmata|i=no /Slovenian: nímata|i=no (styl.)	Slovenian: nȋmata|i=no /Slovenian: nímata|i=no (styl.)	Slovenian: nȋmamo|i=no /Slovenian: nímamo|i=no (styl.)	Slovenian: nȋmate|i=no /Slovenian: nímate|i=no (styl.)	Slovenian: nȋmajo|i=no /Slovenian: nímajo|i=no (styl.)
Slovenian: hotẹ́ti|i=no	Slovenian: nọ́čem|i=no /Slovenian: néčem|i=no(styl.) /Slovenian: nẹ́čem|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: nọ́češ|i=no /Slovenian: néčeš|i=no(styl.) /Slovenian: nẹ́češ|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: nọ́če|i=no /Slovenian: néče|i=no(styl.) /Slovenian: nẹ́če|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: nọ́čeva|i=no /Slovenian: néčeva|i=no styl.) /Slovenian: nẹ́čeva|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: nọ́četa|i=no /Slovenian: néčeta|i=no(styl.) /Slovenian: nẹ́četa|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: nọ́četa|i=no /Slovenian: néčeta|i=no(styl.) /Slovenian: nẹ́četa|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: nọ́čemo|i=no /Slovenian: néčemo|i=no(styl.) /Slovenian: nẹ́čemo|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: nọ́čete|i=no /Slovenian: néčete|i=no(styl.) /Slovenian: nẹ́čete|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: nọ́čejo|i=no /Slovenian: néčejo|i=no(styl.) /Slovenian: nẹ́čejo|i=no (arch.)

Future indicative

Only verbs and have special future indicative forms. For Slovenian: bīti, this is the only correct way (but is colloquially also conjugated as other verbs), while Slovenian: īti can also be conjugated as other verbs.

Infinitive! colspan="3"

Singular	Dual			Plural
1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Slovenian: bīti|i=no	Slovenian: bom|i=no /Slovenian: bodem|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: boš|i=no /Slovenian: bodeš|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: bo|i=no /Slovenian: bode|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: bova|i=no /Slovenian: bodeva|i=no(arch.)	Slovenian: bosta|i=no /Slovenian: bota|i=no (styl.) /Slovenian: bodeta|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: bosta|i=no /Slovenian: bota|i=no (styl.) /Slovenian: bodeta|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: bomo|i=no /Slovenian: bodemo|i=no(arch.)	Slovenian: boste|i=no /Slovenian: bote|i=no (styl.) /Slovenian: bodete|i=no (arch.)	Slovenian: bodo|i=no /Slovenian: bojo|i=no (styl.) /Slovenian: bodejo|i=no(arch.)
Slovenian: īti|i=no	Slovenian: pọ́jdem|i=no	Slovenian: pọ́jdeš|i=no	Slovenian: pọ́jde|i=no	Slovenian: pọ́jdeva|i=no	Slovenian: pọ́jdeta|i=no	Slovenian: pọ́jdeta|i=no	Slovenian: pọ́jdemo|i=no	Slovenian: pọ́jdete|i=no	Slovenian: pọ́jdejo|i=no

Conditional

Verb also has a special form when used as an auxiliary verb in conditional mood and is the same for all genders and persons: Slovenian: bi. Full lexical verb therefore still has an analytical form Slovenian: bi bȉl. In an affirmative sentence, it is not stressed, however its negative forms can be accented either on or on Slovenian: bi (Slovenian: né bi or Slovenian: ne bȉ).

Aorist and imperfect

Standard Slovene lost both the aorist and the imperfect, which have been replaced by the preterite. These forms exist exclusively in the Resian dialect, but are slowly fading as well. In nowaday Resian, only the verbs Slovenian: bə̀t (SS) "be", Slovenian: díwat (SS) "give", Slovenian: dujájat (SS) "keep up with", Slovenian: mé̤t (SS), Slovenian: moré̤t (SS) "be able", Slovenian: parájat (SS) "come", and Slovenian: té̤t (SS Slovenian: hotẹ́ti) "want" still have imperfective forms, others are considered obsolete.

Only a few verbs also have an aorist, and all of these forms are considered obsolete as they cannot be understood by most people anymore. There are only three such documented forms:

• Slovenian: hardúh (SS from) "(I) have gone"
• Slovenian: pridúh (SS from) "(I) have come"
• Slovenian: vzê (SS from) "(you) have taken / (he/she/it) has taken"

Aorist and imperfect have been in use in other dialects until the 15th century and vowel clusters in imperfect have already been contracted then.

Analytical forms

Forms given here are in the way they appear in a typical sentence. However, in the dictionary form, lexical verb is first and then everything else, except in negative forms (e. g. Slovenian: naj bi bil delal → Slovenian: delal naj bi bil)

Active voice

Past indicative

The past (or preterite) indicative is used to indicate events that occurred in the past. Modern Slovene does not distinguish the past tense ("saw") from the perfect tense ("have seen"); this distinction was common in Alpine Slovene when aorist served the past tense form.

It is formed with the auxiliary verb (to be) in the present tense, plus the l-participle of the verb. The participle must agree with the subject in number and gender. For example:

• Slovenian: sem videl (I saw, said by a male)
• Slovenian: sem videla (I saw, said by a female)
• Slovenian: je odšla (she went)
• Slovenian: so odkrili (they discovered)

Pluperfect indicative

The pluperfect indicative is used to indicate an action that occurred before some other future action. It is rarely used in colloquial speech, where it is replaced by the past tense.

It is formed as though it were the past tense of the past tense: the auxiliary verb (to be) in the present tense, plus the l-participle of the verb Slovenian: biti (to be), plus the l-participle of the verb. The participles must agree with the subject in number and gender. For example:

• Slovenian: sem bil videl (I had seen, said by a male)
• Slovenian: sem bila videla (I had seen, said by a female)
• Slovenian: je bila odšla (she had gone)
• Slovenian: so bili odkrili (they had discovered)

Future indicative

The future indicative tense is used to state events that will happen in the future.

The verb Slovenian: biti (to be) has its own unique set of future tense forms, with the stem Slovenian: bo-. Other verbs are usually formed using Slovenian: biti in the future tense, plus the l-participle of the verb. The participle must agree with the subject in number and gender. For example:

• Slovenian: videl bom (I will see, said by a male)
• Slovenian: videla bom (I will see, said by a female)
• Slovenian: odšla bo (she will go)
• Slovenian: bodo odkrili (they will discover)

Dialectally, is used in future indicative as an auxiliary verb, followed by infinitive.

Conditional mood

The conditional mood is used to express desires, wishes, and hypothetical (often impossible) conditions.

The present conditional is formed using the special particle Slovenian: bi, plus the l-participle of the lexical verb. The past conditional is rarely used, like the pluperfect, and is formed analogously: the particle Slovenian: bi, plus l-participle of the verb Slovenian: biti (to be), plus the l-participle of the verb. Examples of the conditional mood are:

• Slovenian: Če bi mi postalo slabo, mi, prosim, podajte tiste tablete. (Literally: If it became sick to me, to me, I kindly ask, pass those pills.; If I should become sick, kindly pass me those pills.)
• Slovenian: V primeru, da bi prišlo do požara, bomo umrli. (Should there be a fire, we would die.)
• Slovenian: Če bi (bili) končali prej, bi bili zdaj prosti. (If we had finished earlier, we would be free now.)
• Slovenian: Želi si, da bi bil maneken, vendar s svojimi obraznimi nečistočami nima možnosti. (He wishes that he were a model, but with his facial impurities, he has no chance.)
• Slovenian: O, da bi bila jesen! (O, if only it were autumn!) (literary)
• Slovenian: O, ko bi le bila jesen! (O, if only it were autumn!)

In the 18th century, future conditional was also rarely used, which was formed by bom bil + l-participle, e. g. Slovenian: bom bil baral (If I asked [in the future]). Such use has only been recorded to be in active voice.

Optative

An additional kind of imperative, which may be called the optative or hortative, is formed by using the particle (Slovenian: ne) with the indicative or conditional. This acts as a substitute for the imperative in the third person and other tenses as well. It is usually not translated as 'may', because nowadays use is closer to the imperative, so a more appropriate word would be 'should'. However, this kind of form has many uses, so it may also sometimes be translated as 'let' or with passive voice.

• Slovenian: On naj mi pride pomagat. (He should come to help me.)
• Slovenian: Pa naj bo po tvojem. (Let it be your way.)
• Slovenian: Naj ti povem, kako se je zgodilo. (Let me tell you, how it happened.)
• Slovenian: A naj je bil še tako utrujen, je dospel do cilja. (But let him be so tired, he reached the finish [line]).
• Slovenian: Ta proces naj bi povzročale glivice. (This process is thought to be caused by fungi.)

Negative forms

It is formed by simply adding in front of the verb, only Slovenian: naj is before. In dictionary forms, the lexical verbs is in last place, except where it combines with the auxiliary verb:

• Slovenian: Nas ni nihče vprašal. (Noone asked us.)(lit. Noone has not asked us.)
• Slovenian: Ne bi ga rad srečal. (I would not like to meet him.)
• Slovenian: Bolje je ne delati kot delati škodo. (It is better not to work than to do (lit. work) harm.)
• Slovenian: Delal nisem nič manj kot drugi. (I have not worked any less than others.)

Passive & reflexive voice

The passive voice is formed using the passive past participle of the verb and auxiliary verbs. Reflexive voice is formed by turning a verb into a reflexive verb, by adding the reflexive pronoun to the verb. Passive and reflexive voice is formed as shown in this table:

Passive voice! colspan="2"

Reflexive voice
	Formation	Example	Formation	Example
Long infinitive	Slovenian: biti + passive participle	Slovenian: biti delan	Slovenian: se + long infinitive	Slovenian: se delati
Short infinitive	Slovenian: bit + passive participle	Slovenian: bit delan	Slovenian: se + short infinitive	Slovenian: se delat
Supine	(Slovenian: bit + passive participle)	(Slovenian: bit zabavan)	Slovenian: se + supine	Slovenian: se delat
Present indicatve	present indicative of Slovenian: biti + passive participle	Slovenian: je delan	Slovenian: se + present indicative	Slovenian: se dela
Future indicative	future indicative of Slovenian: biti + passive participle	Slovenian: bom delan	Slovenian: se + future indicative of Slovenian: biti + l-participle	Slovenian: se bo delal
Preterite indicative	present indicative of Slovenian: biti + Slovenian: bil +passive participle	Slovenian: je bil delan	Slovenian: se + present indicative of Slovenian: biti +l-participle	Slovenian: se je delal
Pluperfect indicative	/		Slovenian: se + present indicative of Slovenian: biti + Slovenian: bil +l-participle	Slovenian: se je bil delal
Imperative	imperative of Slovenian: biti + passive participle	Slovenian: bodi delan	imperative + Slovenian: se	Slovenian: delaj se
Hortative & Optative	Slovenian: naj + the way it is formedin the wanted tense	Slovenian: naj bo delan	Slovenian: naj + the way it is formedin the wanted tense	Slovenian: naj se bo delal
Present conditional	Slovenian: bi bil + passive partciple	Slovenian: bi bil narejen	Slovenian: bi + Slovenian: se + l-participle	Slovenian: bi se delal
Past conditional	/		Slovenian: bi + Slovenian: se + Slovenian: bil + l-participle	Slovenian: bi se bil delal
Future conditional	/		(future indicative of Slovenian: biti + Slovenian: se + Slovenian: bil +l-participle)	(Slovenian: bom se bil delal)
Č-paticiple	/		č-participle + Slovenian: se	Slovenian: delajoč se
E-participle	/		(e-participle + Slovenian: se)	(Slovenian: delaje se)
L-participle	/		(l-participle + Slovenian: se)	(Slovenian: obrasel se)
Š-participle	/		(š-participle + Slovenian: se)	(Slovenian: izdelavši se)
Passive participle	/		(n-participle + Slovenian: se)	(Slovenian: delan se)
Gerund	/		(gerund + Slovenian: se)	(Slovenian: delanje se)
Negative	(Slovenian: naj) + Slovenian: ne + the rest	Slovenian: naj ne bo delanSlovenian: ni delan	(Slovenian: naj) (Slovenian: se) + Slovenian: ne + the rest	Slovenian: naj se ne bi delalSlovenian: ne delaj se

An example of the passive voice is:

• Slovenian: Izvoljen je bil za člana Kraljeve družbe (He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society).

However, this is more commonly stated using the active voice with an impersonal form of the third person plural (like English "impersonal they"):

• Slovenian: Izvolili so ga za člana Kraljeve družbe (They elected him a fellow of the Royal Society).

Full conjugation of a regular verb

The following table presents full conjugation of a regular verb dẹ́lati:

! colspan="3"

Singular	Dual			Plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Presentindicative		dẹ̑lam	dẹ̑laš	dẹ̑la	dẹ̑lava	dẹ̑lata	dẹ̑lata	dẹ̑lamo	dẹ̑late	dẹ̑lajo
Preteriteindicative	m.	sem dẹ́lał	si dẹ́lał	je dẹ́lał	sva dẹ́lala	sta dẹ́lala	sta dẹ́lala	smo dẹ́lali	ste dẹ́lali	so dẹ́lali
	f.	sem dẹ̄lala	si dẹ̄lala	je dẹ̄lala	sva dẹ́lali	sta dẹ́lali	sta dẹ́lali	smo dẹ́lale	ste dẹ́lale	so dẹ́lale
	n.	sem dẹ́lalo	si dẹ́lalo	je dẹ́lalo	sva dẹ́lali	sta dẹ́lali	sta dẹ́lali	smo dẹ́lala	ste dẹ́lala	so dẹ́lala
Futureindicative	m.	bom dẹ́lałbodem dẹ́lał (họ́čem dẹ́lati)	boš dẹ́lałbodeš dẹ́lał (họ́češ dẹ́lati)	bo dẹ́lałbode dẹ̑lał (họ́če dẹ́lati)	bova dẹ́lalabodeva dẹ́lala (họ́čeva dẹ́lati)	bosta dẹ́lalabodeta dẹ́lalabota dẹ́lala (họ́četa dẹ́lati)	bosta dẹ́lalabodeta dẹ́lalabota dẹ́lala (họ́četa dẹ́lati)	bomo dẹ́lalibodemo dẹ́lali (họ́čemo dẹ́lati)	boste dẹ́lalibodete dẹ́lalibote dẹ̑lali (họ́čete dẹ́lati)	bodo dẹ́lalibojo dẹ́lalibodete dẹ́lali (họ́čejo dẹ́lati)
	f.	bom dẹ̄lalabodem dẹ̄lala (họ́čem dẹ́lati)	boš dẹ̄lalabodeš dẹ̄lala (họ́češ dẹ́lati)	bo dẹ̄lalabode dẹ̄lala (họ́če dẹ́lati)	bova dẹ́lalibodeva dẹ́lali (họ́čeva dẹ́lati)	bosta dẹ́lalibodeta dẹ́lalibota dẹ́lali (họ́četa dẹ́lati)	bosta dẹ́lalibodeta dẹ́lalibota dẹ́lali (họ́četa dẹ́lati)	bomo dẹ́lalebodemo dẹ́lale (họ́čemo dẹ́lati)	boste dẹ́lalebodete dẹ́lalebote dẹ́lale (họ́čete dẹ́lati)	bodo dẹ́lalebojo dẹ́lalebodejo dẹ́lale (họ́čejo dẹ́lati)
	n.	bom dẹ́lalobodem dẹ́lalo(imȃm dẹ́lati)(je dẹ́lati)(họ́čem dẹ́lati)	boš dẹ́lalobodeš dẹ́lalo(imȃm dẹ́lati)(je dẹ́lati)(họ́čem dẹ́lati)	bo dẹ́lalobode dẹ́lalo(imȃ dẹ́lati)(je dẹ́lati)(họ́če dẹ́lati)	bova dẹ́lalibodeva dẹ́lali(imȃva dẹ́lati)(je dẹ́lati)(họ́čeva dẹ́lati)	bosta dẹ́lalibodeta dẹ́lalibota dẹ́lali(imȃta dẹ́lati)(je dẹ́lati)(họ́četa dẹ́lati)	bosta dẹ́lalibodeta dẹ́lalibota dẹ́lali(imȃta dẹ́lati)(je dẹ́lati)(họ́četa dẹ́lati)	bomo dẹ́lalabodemo dẹ́lala(imȃmo dẹ́lati)(je dẹ́lati)(họ́čemo dẹ́lati)	boste dẹ́lalabodete dẹ́lalabote dẹ́lala(imȃte dẹ́lati)(je dẹ́lati)(họ́čete dẹ́lati)	bodo dẹ́lalabojo dẹ́lalabodejo dẹ́lala(imȃjo dẹ́lati)(je dẹ́lati)(họ́čejo dẹ́lati)
Pluperfectindicative	m.	sem bȉł dẹ́lał	si bȉł dẹ́lał	je bȉł dẹ́lał	sva bilȁ dẹ́lalasva bȋla dẹ́lala	sta bilȁ dẹ́lalasta bȋla dẹ́lala	sta bilȁ dẹ́lalasta bȋla dẹ́lala	smo bilȋ dẹ́lalismo bilȉ dẹ́lalismo bȋli dẹ́lali	ste bilȋ dẹ́laliste bilȉ dẹ́lali ste bȋli dẹ́lali	so bilȋ dẹ́laliso bilȉ dẹ́lali so bȋli dẹ́lali
	f.	sem bilȁ dẹ̄lalasem bȋla dẹ̄lala	si bilȁ dẹ̄lalasi bȋla dẹ̄lala	je bilȁ dẹ̄lalaje bȋla dẹ̄lala	sva bilȉ dẹ́lalisva bȋli dẹ́lali	sta bilȉ dẹ́lalista bȋli dẹ́lali	sta bilȉ dẹ́lalista bȋli dẹ́lali	smo bilȅ dẹ́lalesmo bilẹ̑ dẹ́lalesmo bȋle dẹ́lale	ste bilȅ dẹ́laleste bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale ste bȋle dẹ́lale	so bilȅ dẹ́laleso bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale so bȋle dẹ́lale
	n.	sem bilọ̑ dẹ́lalosem bilȍ dẹ́lalosem bȋlo dẹ́lalo	si bilọ̑ dẹ́lalosi bilȍ dẹ́lalosi bȋlo dẹ́lalo	je bilọ̑ dẹ́laloje bilȍ dẹ́laloje bȋlo dẹ́lalo	sva bilȉ dẹ́lalisva bȋli dẹ́lali	sta bilȉ dẹ́lalista bȋli dẹ́lali	sta bilȉ dẹ́lalista bȋli dẹ́lali	smo bilȁ dẹ́lalasmo bȋla dẹ́lala	ste bilȁ dẹ́lalaste bȋla dẹ́lala	so bilȁ dẹ́lalaso bȋla dẹ́lala
Imperative		dẹ́laj	dẹ́laj	dẹ́laj	dẹ́lajva	dẹ́lajta	dẹ́lajta	dẹ́lajmo	dẹ́lajte	–
Presentconditional	m.	bi dẹ́lał	bi dẹ́lał	bi dẹ́lał	bi dẹ́lala	bi dẹ́lala	bi dẹ́lala	bi dẹ́lali	bi dẹ́lali	bi dẹ́lali
	f.	bi dẹ̄lala	bi dẹ̄lala	bi dẹ̄lala	bi dẹ́lali	bi dẹ́lali	bi dẹ́lali	bi dẹ́lale	bi dẹ́lale	bi dẹ́lale
	n.	bi dẹ́lalo	bi dẹ́lalo	bi dẹ́lalo	bi dẹ́lali	bi dẹ́lali	bi dẹ́lali	bi dẹ́lala	bi dẹ́lala	bi dẹ́lala
Preteriteconditional	m.	bi bȉł dẹ́lał	bi bȉł dẹ́lał	bi bȉł dẹ́lał	bi bilȁ dẹ́lalabi bȋla dẹ́lala	bi bilȁ dẹ́lalabi bȋla dẹ́lala	bi bilȁ dẹ́lalabi bȋla dẹ́lala	bi bilȋ dẹ́lalibi bilȉ dẹ́lalibi bȋli dẹ́lali	bi bilȋ dẹ́lalibi bilȉ dẹ́lalibi bȋli dẹ́lali	bi bilȋ dẹ́lalibi bilȉ dẹ́lalibi bȋli dẹ́lali
	f.	bi bilȁ dẹ̄lalabi bȋla dẹ̄lala	bi bilȁ dẹ̄lalabi bȋla dẹ̄lala	bi bilȁ dẹ̄lalabi bȋla dẹ̄lala	bi bilȉ dẹ́lalibi bȋli dẹ́lali	bi bilȉ dẹ́lalibi bȋli dẹ́lali	bi bilȉ dẹ́lalibi bȋli dẹ́lali	bi bilȅ dẹ́lalebi bilẹ̑ dẹ́lalebi bȋle dẹ́lale	bi bilȅ dẹ́lalebi bilẹ̑ dẹ́lalebi bȋle dẹ́lale	bi bilȅ dẹ́lalebi bilẹ̑ dẹ́lalebi bȋle dẹ́lale
	n.	bi bilọ̑ dẹ́lalobi bilȍ dẹ́lalobi bȋlo dẹ́lalo	bi bilọ̑ dẹ́lalobi bilȍ dẹ́lalobi bȋlo dẹ́lalo	bi bilọ̑ dẹ́lalobi bilȍ dẹ́lalobi bȋlo dẹ́lalo	bi bilȉ dẹ́lalibi bȋli dẹ́lali	bi bilȉ dẹ́lalibi bȋli dẹ́lali	bi bilȉ dẹ́lalibi bȋli dẹ́lali	bi bilȁ dẹ́lalabi bȋla dẹ́lala	bi bilȁ dẹ́lalabi bȋla dẹ́lala	bi bilȁ dẹ́lalabi bȋla dẹ́lala
Futureconditional	m.	(bom bȉł dẹ́lał)(bodem bȉł dẹ́lał)	(boš bȉł dẹ́lał)(bodeš bȉł dẹ́lał)	(bo bȉł dẹ́lał)(bode bȉł dẹ́lał)	(bova bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bova bȋla dẹ́lala)(bodeva bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bodeva bȋla dẹ́lala)	(bosta bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bosta bȋla dẹ́lala)(bota bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bota bȋla dẹ́lala)(bodeta bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bodeta bȋla dẹ́lala)	(bosta bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bosta bȋla dẹ́lala)(bota bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bota bȋla dẹ́lala)(bodeta bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bodeta bȋla dẹ́lala)	(bomo bilȋ dẹ́lali)(bomo bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bomo bȋli dẹ́lali)(bomo bilȋ dẹ́lali)(bodemo bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodemo bȋli dẹ́lali)	(boste bilȋ dẹ́lali)(boste bilȉ dẹ́lali)(boste bȋli dẹ́lali)(bote bilȋ dẹ́lali)(bote bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bote bȋli dẹ́lali)(bodete bilȋ dẹ́lali)(bodete bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodete bȋli dẹ́lali)	(bodo bilȋ dẹ́lali)(bodo bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodo bȋli dẹ́lali)(bojo bilȋ dẹ́lali)(bojo bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bojo bȋli dẹ́lali)(bodejo bilȋ dẹ́lali)(bodejo bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodejo bȋli dẹ́lali)
	f.	(bom bilȁ dẹ̄lala)(bom bȋla dẹ̄lala)(bodem bilȁ dẹ̄lala)(bodem bȋla dẹ̄lala)	(boš bilȁ dẹ̄lala)(boš bȋla dẹ̄lala)(bodeš bilȁ dẹ̄lala)(bodeš bȋla dẹ̄lala)	(bo bilȁ dẹ̄lala)(bo bȋla dẹ̄lala)(bode bilȁ dẹ̄lala)(bode bȋla dẹ̄lala)	(bova bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bova bȋli dẹ́lali)(bodeva bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodeva bȋli dẹ́lali)	(bosta bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bosta bȋli dẹ́lali)(bota bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bota bȋli dẹ́lali)(bodeta bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodeta bȋli dẹ́lali)	(bosta bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bosta bȋli dẹ́lali)(bota bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bota bȋli dẹ́lali)(bodeta bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodeta bȋli dẹ́lali)	(bomo bilȅ dẹ́lale)(bomo bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale)(bomo bȋle dẹ́lale)(bodemo bilȅ dẹ́lale)(bodemo bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale)(bodemo bȋle dẹ́lale)	(boste bilȅ dẹ́lale)(boste bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale)(boste bȋle dẹ́lale)(bote bilȅ dẹ́lale)(bote bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale)(bote bȋle dẹ́lale)(bodete bilȅ dẹ́lale)(bodete bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale)(bodete bȋle dẹ́lale)	(bodo bilȅ dẹ́lale)(bodo bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale)(bodo bȋle dẹ́lale)(bojo bilȅ dẹ́lale)(bojo bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale)(bojo bȋle dẹ́lale)(bodo bilȅ dẹ́lale)(bodejo bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale)(bodejo bȋle dẹ́lale)
	n.	(bom bilọ̑ dẹ́lalo)(bom bilȍ dẹ́lalo)(bom bȋlo dẹ́lalo)(bodem bilọ̑ dẹ́lalo)(bodem bilȍ dẹ́lalo)(bodem bȋlo dẹ́lalo)	(boš bilọ̑ dẹ́lalo)(boš bilȍ dẹ́lalo)(boš bȋlo dẹ́lalo)(bodeš bilọ̑ dẹ́lalo)(bodeš bilȍ dẹ́lalo)(bodeš bȋlo dẹ́lalo)	(bo bilọ̑ dẹ́lalo)(bo bilȍ dẹ́lalo)(bo bȋlo dẹ́lalo)(bode bilọ̑ dẹ́lalo)(bode bilȍ dẹ́lalo)(bode bȋlo dẹ́lalo)	(bova bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bova bȋli dẹ́lali)(bodeva bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodeva bȋli dẹ́lali)	(bosta bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bosta bȋli dẹ́lali)(bota bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bota bȋli dẹ́lali)(bodeta bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodeta bȋli dẹ́lali)	(bosta bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bosta bȋli dẹ́lali)(bota bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bota bȋli dẹ́lali)(bodeta bilȉ dẹ́lali)(bodeta bȋli dẹ́lali)	(bomo bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bomo bȋla dẹ́lala)(bodemo bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bodemo bȋla dẹ́lala)	(boste bilȁ dẹ́lala)(boste bȋla dẹ́lala)(bote bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bote bȋla dẹ́lala)(bodete bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bodete bȋla dẹ́lala)	(bodo bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bodo bȋla dẹ́lala)(bojo bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bojo bȋla dẹ́lala)(bodejo bilȁ dẹ́lala)(bodejo bȋla dẹ́lala)
Present hortative		naj dẹ̑lam	naj dẹ̑laš	naj dẹ̑la	naj dẹ̑lava	naj dẹ̑lata	naj dẹ̑lata	naj dẹ̑lamo	naj dẹ̑late	naj dẹ̑lajo
Past hortative	m.	naj sem dẹ́lał	naj si dẹ́lał	naj je dẹ́lał	naj sva dẹ́lala	naj sta dẹ́lala	naj sta dẹ́lala	naj smo dẹ́lali	naj ste dẹ́lali	naj so dẹ́lali
	f.	naj sem dẹ̄lala	naj si dẹ̄lala	naj je dẹ̄lala	naj sva dẹ́lali	naj sta dẹ́lali	naj sta dẹ́lali	naj smo dẹ́lale	naj ste dẹ́lale	naj so dẹ́lale
	n.	naj sem dẹ́lalo	naj si dẹ́lalo	naj je dẹ́lalo	naj sva dẹ́lali	naj sta dẹ́lali	naj sta dẹ́lali	naj smo dẹ́lala	naj ste dẹ́lala	naj so dẹ́lala
Future hortative	m.	naj bom dẹ́lałnaj bodem dẹ́lał	naj boš dẹ́lałnaj bodeš dẹ́lał	naj bo dẹ́lałnaj bode dẹ̑lał	naj bova dẹ́lalanaj bodeva dẹ́lala	naj bosta dẹ́lalanaj bodeta dẹ́lala naj bota dẹ́lala	naj bosta dẹ́lalanaj bodeta dẹ́lala naj bota dẹ́lala	naj bomo dẹ́lalinaj bodemo dẹ́lali	naj boste dẹ́lalinaj bodete dẹ́lali naj bote dẹ̑lali	naj bodo dẹ́lalinaj bojo dẹ́lali naj bodete dẹ́lali
	f.	naj bom dẹ̄lalanaj bodem dẹ̄lala	naj boš dẹ̄lalanaj bodeš dẹ̄lala	naj bo dẹ̄lalanaj bode dẹ̄lala	naj bova dẹ́lalinaj bodeva dẹ́lali	naj bosta dẹ́lalinaj bodeta dẹ́lali naj bota dẹ́lali	naj bosta dẹ́lalinaj bodeta dẹ́lali naj bota dẹ́lali	naj bomo dẹ́lalenaj bodemo dẹ́lale	naj boste dẹ́lalenaj bodete dẹ́lale naj bote dẹ́lale	naj bodo dẹ́lalenaj bojo dẹ́lale naj bodejo dẹ́lale
	n.	naj bom dẹ́lalonaj bodem dẹ́lalo	naj boš dẹ́lalonaj bodeš dẹ́lalo	naj bo dẹ́lalonaj bode dẹ́lalo	naj bova dẹ́lalinaj bodeva dẹ́lali	naj bosta dẹ́lalinaj bodeta dẹ́lali naj bota dẹ́lali	naj bosta dẹ́lalinaj bodeta dẹ́lali naj bota dẹ́lali	naj bomo dẹ́lalanaj bodemo dẹ́lala	naj boste dẹ́lalanaj bodete dẹ́lala naj bote dẹ́lala	naj bodo dẹ́lalanaj bojo dẹ́lala naj bodejo dẹ́lala
Pluperfecthortative	m.	naj sem bȉł dẹ́lał	naj si bȉł dẹ́lał	naj je bȉł dẹ́lał	naj sva bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj sva bȋla dẹ́lala	naj sta bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj sta bȋla dẹ́lala	naj sta bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj sta bȋla dẹ́lala	naj smo bilȋ dẹ́lalinaj smo bilȉ dẹ́lali naj smo bȋli dẹ́lali	naj ste bilȋ dẹ́lalinaj ste bilȉ dẹ́lali naj ste bȋli dẹ́lali	naj so bilȋ dẹ́lalinaj so bilȉ dẹ́lali naj so bȋli dẹ́lali
	f.	naj sem bilȁ dẹ̄lalanaj sem bȋla dẹ̄lala	naj si bilȁ dẹ̄lalanaj si bȋla dẹ̄lala	naj je bilȁ dẹ̄lalanaj je bȋla dẹ̄lala	naj sva bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj sva bȋli dẹ́lali	naj sta bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj sta bȋli dẹ́lali	naj sta bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj sta bȋli dẹ́lali	naj smo bilȅ dẹ́lalenaj smo bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale naj smo bȋle dẹ́lale	naj ste bilȅ dẹ́lalenaj ste bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale naj ste bȋle dẹ́lale	naj so bilȅ dẹ́lalenaj so bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale naj so bȋle dẹ́lale
	n.	naj sem bilọ̑ dẹ́lalonaj sem bilȍ dẹ́lalo naj sem bȋlo dẹ́lalo	naj si bilọ̑ dẹ́lalonaj si bilȍ dẹ́lalo naj si bȋlo dẹ́lalo	naj je bilọ̑ dẹ́lalonaj je bilȍ dẹ́lalo naj je bȋlo dẹ́lalo	naj sva bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj sva bȋli dẹ́lali	naj sta bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj sta bȋli dẹ́lali	naj sta bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj sta bȋli dẹ́lali	naj smo bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj smo bȋla dẹ́lala	naj ste bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj ste bȋla dẹ́lala	naj so bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj so bȋla dẹ́lala
Presentoptative	m.	naj bi dẹ́lał	naj bi dẹ́lał	naj bi dẹ́lał	naj bi dẹ́lala	naj bi dẹ́lala	naj bi dẹ́lala	naj bi dẹ́lali	naj bi dẹ́lali	naj bi dẹ́lali
	f.	naj bi dẹ̄lala	naj bi dẹ̄lala	naj bi dẹ̄lala	naj bi dẹ́lali	naj bi dẹ́lali	naj bi dẹ́lali	naj bi dẹ́lale	naj bi dẹ́lale	naj bi dẹ́lale
	n.	naj bi dẹ́lalo	naj bi dẹ́lalo	naj bi dẹ́lalo	naj bi dẹ́lali	naj bi dẹ́lali	naj bi dẹ́lali	naj bi dẹ́lala	naj bi dẹ́lala	naj bi dẹ́lala
Past optative	m.	naj bi bȉł dẹ́lał	naj bi bȉł dẹ́lał	naj bi bȉł dẹ́lał	naj bi bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj bi bȋla dẹ́lala	naj bi bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj bi bȋla dẹ́lala	naj bi bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj bi bȋla dẹ́lala	naj bi bilȋ dẹ́lalinaj bi bilȉ dẹ́lali naj bi bȋli dẹ́lali	naj bi bilȋ dẹ́lalinaj bi bilȉ dẹ́lali naj bi bȋli dẹ́lali	naj bi bilȋ dẹ́lalinaj bi bilȉ dẹ́lali naj bi bȋli dẹ́lali
	f.	naj bi bilȁ dẹ̄lalanaj bi bȋla dẹ̄lala	naj bi bilȁ dẹ̄lalanaj bi bȋla dẹ̄lala	naj bi bilȁ dẹ̄lalanaj bi bȋla dẹ̄lala	naj bi bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj bi bȋli dẹ́lali	naj bi bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj bi bȋli dẹ́lali	naj bi bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj bi bȋli dẹ́lali	naj bi bilȅ dẹ́lalenaj bi bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale naj bi bȋle dẹ́lale	naj bi bilȅ dẹ́lalenaj bi bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale naj bi bȋle dẹ́lale	naj bi bilȅ dẹ́lalenaj bi bilẹ̑ dẹ́lale naj bi bȋle dẹ́lale
	n.	naj bi bilọ̑ dẹ́lalonaj bi bilȍ dẹ́lalo naj bi bȋlo dẹ́lalo	naj bi bilọ̑ dẹ́lalonaj bi bilȍ dẹ́lalo naj bi bȋlo dẹ́lalo	naj bi bilọ̑ dẹ́lalonaj bi bilȍ dẹ́lalo naj bi bȋlo dẹ́lalo	naj bi bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj bi bȋli dẹ́lali	naj bi bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj bi bȋli dẹ́lali	naj bi bilȉ dẹ́lalinaj bi bȋli dẹ́lali	naj bi bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj bi bȋla dẹ́lala	naj bi bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj bi bȋla dẹ́lala	naj bi bilȁ dẹ́lalanaj bi bȋla dẹ́lala
Infinitive	Long	dẹ́lati
	Short	dẹ́lat
Supine		dẹ́lat
True gerund		dẹ́lanje
Objetified gerund		–
Č-participle	m.	delajọ̄čdelajȍč			delajọ́ča			delajọ́či
	f.	delajọ́ča			delajọ́či			delajọ́če
	n.	delajọ́če			delajọ́či			delajọ́ča
	adv.	delajọ́č
E-participle	adv.	delȃje
L-participle	m.	dẹ́lal			dẹ́lala			dẹ́lali
	f.	dẹ̄lala			dẹ́lali			dẹ́lale
	n.	dẹ́lalo			dẹ́lali			dẹ́lala
Š-participle	m.	–			–			–
	f.	–			–			–
	n.	–			–			–
	adv.	–			–			–
N-participle	m.	dẹ̑lan			dẹ̑lana			dẹ̑lani
	f.	dẹ̑lana			dẹ̑lani			dẹ̑lane
	n.	dẹ̑lano			dẹ̑lani			dẹ̑lana

References

General

• Book: Toporišič, Jože . Slovenska slovnica / Jože Toporišič. - 4. prenovljena in razširjena izd. . Obzorja . 2000 . 961-230-171-9 . Maribor . sl.
• Book: Toporišič, Jože . Slovenski pravopis . . 2001 . 961-6358-37-5 . Ljubljana . 216–222 . sl . Slovaropisna pravila.
• Book: Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika . 2016 . Ljubljana . 53–59 . sl . Sheme za tonemski naglas.
• Book: Herrity, Peter . Slovene: A Comprehensive Grammar . Routledge . 2000 . London, New York.
• Web site: Greenberg . Marc . 2006 . A Short Reference Grammar of Standard Slovene . Kansas.
• Book: Šekli, Matej . Jezikovni zapiski . . 2005 . Keber . Janez . Letn. 11 Št. 2 (2005) . Ljubljana . 31–61 . sl . Tonemski naglasni tipi glagola v (knjižni) slovenščini . 11 . 2 . Tonal accentual verb types in (written) Slovene . 10.3986/jz.v11i2.2545 . 0354-0448 . https://ojs.zrc-sazu.si/jz/article/view/2545 . free.

Dialectal and obsolete conjugation

• Book: Steenwijk, Han . The Slovene dialect of Resia: San Giorno . Studies in Slavic and general linguistics . Rodopi . 1992 . 90-5183-366-0 . Barentsen . A. A. . 18 . Amsterdam - Atlanta . en . Groen . B. M. . Sprenger . R..
• Book: Toporišič, Jože . Oblikoslovje v Gutsmanovem Slovenjem nauku . V: Oblikoslovne razprave. . . 2003 . Ljubljana . sl.
• Book: Zuljan Kumar, Danila . Slovenistika in slavistika v zamejstvu – Videm / Slovenski slavistični kongres . 27–29 September 2018 . Zveza društev Slavistično društvo Slovenije . 978-961-6715-27-0 . Žele . Andreja . Ljubljana . sl . 9 August 2022 . Šekli . Matej.
• Book: Benacchio, Rosana . Slavistična revija : časopis za jezikoslovje in literarne vede . Slavistično društvo Slovenije . 1998 . 46/3 . Ljubljana . 249–259 . sl . Gruden . Živa . Journal for linguistics and literary studies . Oblikoslovno-skladenjske posebnosti rezijanščine . Morphologically-sytactical features of Resian . 0350-6894.

Examples

• Web site: 4 October 2022 . Fran . 3 October 2022 . Fran . . 2385-8613.