Sláine (character) explained

Character Name:Sláine MacRoth
Real Name:Sláine mac Roth
Publisher:IPC Magazines (until 1999) / Rebellion Developments
Debut:2000 AD #330 (20 August 1983)
Creators:Pat Mills
Angela Kincaid
Alliances:Tribes of the Earth Goddess
Powers:Warp-spasm

Sláine (in Irish ˈsˠl̪ˠaːnʲə/) is a comic hero that was first published in British magazine 2000 AD.

Sláine is a barbarian fantasy adventure series based on Celtic myths and stories that first appeared in 1983, written by Pat Mills and initially drawn by his then wife, Angela Kincaid. Most of the early stories were drawn by Massimo Belardinelli and Mike McMahon. Other notable artists to have worked on the character include Glenn Fabry, Simon Bisley, Clint Langley and Simon Davis.

Sláine's favourite weapon is an axe called "Brainbiter". He has the power of the "warp spasm", based on the ríastrad or body-distorting battle frenzy of the Irish hero Cú Chulainn, in which earth power "warps" through his body, turning him into a terrifying, monstrously powerful figure. He is a devotee of the earth goddess Danu.

Plot

Sláine is a wanderer who is banished from his tribe, the Sessair. He explores the Land of the Young (Irish: Tír na nÓg) with an unscrupulous dwarf called Ukko, fighting monsters and mercenaries. In one early adventure he rescues a maiden, Medb, from being sacrificed in a wicker man, only to earn her enmity – she was a devotee of Crom Cruach, the god to whom she was to be sacrificed, and was looking forward to the experience. Her master and mentor, the ancient, rotting and insane Lord Weird Slough Feg, becomes the series' main villain.

Sláine encounters sky chariots (flying longships), dragons and prehistoric alien gods.

Sláine returns to his tribe and becomes king, leading them against the Fomorians, a race of sea demons who were oppressing them. In The Horned God, Sláine unites the tribes of the earth goddess against Slough Feg and his allies, while his personal devotion to the goddess leads to him becoming a new incarnation of the Horned God Carnun (based on the Gaulish deity Cernunnos). By the end of the story the Land of the Young is no more, and Sláine is the first High King of Ireland.

In subsequent stories, Sláine is sent through time by Danu to fight alongside other heroes and heroines such as Boudica (with whom he fought against the Romans, Elfric, and William Wallace), and returns to Ireland to defend his people against new enemies alongside his wife Niamh.

These new enemies turn out to be a full Fomorian invasion led by Balor and Moloch, murdering, raping, and eating their way through Sláine's tribe until he is able to defeat Balor. The tribal council forces Sláine to let Moloch go, hoping he would fulfill his promise of keeping the Fomorians out of Ireland; instead, he returns to rape and murder Niamh. Wanting vengeance, Sláine abdicates the throne, and goes to Albion, killing Moloch. In his absence, his son Kai leaves the tribe to search for his father (eventually becoming a performer in an Albion carnival) and Ireland faces a second invasion – "the dread of Europe", Atlanteans whose ancestors had lived in Ireland before the tribes of Danu, and who had been forcibly turned into hosts – Golamhs – for the symbiotic Sea Demons under Lord Odacon (an offshoot of the Fomorians). When Sláine returns, he finds the new High King Sethor, former member of the council who had granted Moloch freedom, was willing to surrender half of Ireland to Odacon in return for the gifts of science and civilisation.

Sláine convinces the tribal council that the demons could be killed and war is once more declared on the invaders, but it was clear that Ireland would be constantly attacked by wave after wave of Fomorian invasion. Sláine suggests having the Tribe of Danu escape to the Otherworld that their Sky Chariots had been sent to in order to free them from the demons, and allow the Atlanteans to settle peacefully in Ireland. Both armies unite against Odacon and his Sea Demons. Sláine is able to free the Atlantean leader Gael from being Odacon's Golamh by handing over Sethor to take Gael's place, and they lead their armies to bolster the city of Tara. While the tribes fight a defensive battle, Sláine is sent to the Otherworld to secure Danu's blessings for the Tribes of the Earth Goddess to settle there. He returns with her power behind him and leads a charge that decimates Odacon's forces. The Tribe is cast into the Otherworld in the aftermath, and Sláine assists Gael in finally destroying Odacon and the parasitic spawn with which he had infested the outer-lying villages.

With Gael as High King of Ireland and founder of the eventual Gaelic race, Sláine leaves to track down his son. He finds Kai at a travelling funfair, and later embarks on a quest to track down Crom Dubh.

Sources and influences

Sláine's most obvious sources are Robert E. Howard's Conan the Barbarian and Cú Chulainn, the hero of the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. Mills derived much of the series' background from Celtic mythology and European prehistory (as did Howard: the name Conan is Irish and is borne by a number of mythological figures).[1] Sláine himself is named after Sláine mac Dela, the first High King of Ireland, and his "warp-spasm" or body-distorting battle frenzy is derived from the ríastrad of Cúchulainn; "warp-spasm" is the term Thomas Kinsella used for ríastrad in his translation of The Táin. His barbed spear, the gae bolga, is also borrowed from Cú Chulainn, though his favourite weapon, the axe, is more usually associated with the Vikings or Anglo-Saxons than the Celts.

His patronymic, Mac Roth, is the name of the steward of Ailill and Medb, king and queen of Connacht, in the same cycle. The death of Sláine's mother, Macha, who was forced to run on foot in a chariot race because of her husband's boasting, is taken from the story of an Irish goddess called Macha.[2]

Sláine's seduction of Niamh, the king's chosen bride who was brought up in seclusion until she was of age, is reminiscent of the Irish story of Deirdre.[3] Cathbad, the druid who foretells the evil consequences of Deirdre's birth and appears in several other tales of the Ulster Cycle, gives his name to Sláine's chief druid. Sláine's feat of crossing a raging river to visit her, weighed down by a heavy stone to prevent him from being swept away, is taken from an episode of the Táin.[4] Niamh is a popular Irish girl's name, and is also the name of a fairy queen from the Fenian Cycle. Her otherworld homeland, Tír na nÓg (the Land of the Young), provides the name of the series' setting.

Sláine's goddess, Danu, and her tribes, the Tuatha Dé Danann, come from the Irish Mythological Cycle, though the worship of a universal mother goddess of the earth is not Celtic, and comes from speculations about prehistoric European culture and religion by people like Marija Gimbutas and Robert Graves. The Horned God, Carnun, is adapted from the Gaulish antlered deity Cernunnos. Some of the religious ideas in the series are taken from Barddas, a possibly fraudulent compilation of "bardo-druidic" beliefs by the 18th-century Welsh antiquarian Iolo Morganwg.[5] Mills divides the priests of Tir na nÓg into two factions: the good Druids, the well known priestly class of Celtic Europe, and the evil Drunes, whose name derives from the Galatian place-name Drunemeton ("oak-sanctuary") used in the story "The Bride of Crom" as the name of the Drunes' capital.[6] Their leader, Slough Feg, is partly based on Cernunnos and partly on the paleolithic cave painting known as the Sorcerer in the Trois-Frères cave in Ariège, southern France.[7] His acolyte, Medb, is named after the legendary queen of Connacht from the Ulster Cycle. The Drunes' god, Crom Cruach, is an Irish deity who was reputedly appeased with human sacrifices. The practice of mass human sacrifice by burning in a wicker man is mentioned as a practice of the Celts of Gaul by Strabo and Julius Caesar.

The enemies of the Tribes of the Earth Goddess, the Fomorians, and their leader Balor, are from the Irish mythological cycle.

Other elements of the series are derived from non-Celtic mythological sources. Sláine's dwarf companion is named Ukko, after the Finnish storm god. Odacon is identified in Theosophist circles[8] with a Babylonian deity named Oannes, and is considered closely related to Dagon. Musarus, one of the same species as Odacon, shares this origin. Grimnismal, the name of the dark god Sláine and his companions defeat in "Tomb of Terror", is the title of a poem about Odin from the Norse Elder Edda. The term Ragnarok, for the end of the world, is also borrowed from Norse mythology.

Publication

The stories have been collected in a number of volumes but recent trade collections include:

Characters

Main characters

Supporting characters

Villains

Historical and mythical characters

Celts

Others

In other media

Tabletop miniature wargames

Video games

Role-playing games

2000 AD RPG appearances:

Solo RPG appearances:

Novels

The first Sláine novel was released at the end of 2006:

Music

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. http://www.robert-e-howard.org/Louinet/dwelling3Part1.htm "Irish, Norman & Danish strains"
  2. Web site: The Debility of the Ulstermen. www.maryjones.us.
  3. Web site: The Exile of the Sons of Usnech. www.maryjones.us.
  4. "On the morrow a valiant hero called Úalu went and took a great flagstone on his back to go across the water. But the river turned him over and he lay with his stone on his belly. His grave and his headstone are on the road beside the stream. Lia Úalann is its name." (from http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/T301012/text001.html Táin Bó Cúailnge Recension 1
  5. "Gwynfyd cannot be obtained without seeing and knowing everything, but it is not possible to see or to know everything without suffering everything." From Iolo Morganwg, Barddas, quoted in T. W. Rolleston, Myths and Legends of the Celtic Race Chapter 8. Compare with the quote of Cathbad in Horned God, vol 1, page 18:"That's all very well sire but we must look beyond this life to the higher realms... and they cannot be obtained without seing and knowing everything and, unfortunately,it's not possible to see and know everything without suffering everything". The origin of the name Cythrawl, given to the dimension of the "Dark Gods of Cythrawl", Sláine's enemies, can be found in the same passage of Barddas.
  6. [Strabo]
  7. "...the famous 'Sorcerer of Trois Freres' is Slough Feg." Pat Mills, "Sláine: the Origins" (introduction), The Collected Sláine, Titan Books, 1993.
  8. Web site: The Iranian Oannes by N.D.K – from "The Theosophist" – January 1895 . 2008-04-18 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080504160410/http://www.theosophical.ca/IranianOannesNDK.html . 4 May 2008 . "In a letter [Theosophist, Vol −2-, page 214] written by a learned Fellow of the Theosophical Society [F.T.S.], from the monastery of Soorb Ovaness (Armenia), the writer says that the Armenians, who, until the 4th and even the 7th centuries of the Christian era, were Parsees in religion, called themselves Haiks or descendants of King Haig. In the forgotten traditions of these people, we find that they claimed to have remained true to the teachings of Zoroaster. These they had accepted ever since Musarus Oannes or Annedotus – the Heaven or Sun-sent (the first Odacon And Daphos, the man-fish) – arising daily from the sea at sunrise to plunge back into it at sunset – taught them the good doctrine, their arts and civilisation. That was during the reign of Ammenon the Chaldean, 68 Sari or 244,800 years before the deluge"
  9. Web site: Slaine characters. https://web.archive.org/web/20101225233846/http://www.fortunecity.com/tatooine/slaine/444/bisley/slaine/slainechar.htm. dead. 25 December 2010.
  10. Slaine: Time Killer
  11. Slaine the King
  12. Web site: Mogrooth (Character). Comic Vine.
  13. Web site: Tlachtga (Character). Comic Vine.
  14. Slaine: The Horned God
  15. Slaine: The Books of Invasions
  16. Slaine: Demon Killer
  17. Slaine: Warriors Dawn
  18. Slaine: Lord of Misrule
  19. Book of Invasions
  20. treasures of Britain
  21. Treasures of Britain
  22. Grail War
  23. Demon Killer
  24. Lord of Misrule
  25. Warriors Dawn
  26. The Horned God
  27. Web site: Sláine, the Celtic Barbarian for ZX Spectrum – MobyGames . mobygames.com . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080229064542/http://www.mobygames.com/game/zx-spectrum/sline-the-celtic-barbarian . 2008-02-29.
  28. http://www.2000adonline.com/?zone=prog&page=specials&choice=d20slaine3 Mongoose Publishing
  29. http://www.mongoosepublishing.com/home/detail.php?qsID=1426&qsSeries=%2039 Mongoose Publishing