| Skjold oil field | |
| Location Map: | North Sea |
| Coordinates: | 55.5314°N 4.9094°W |
| Relief: | yes |
| Country: | Denmark |
| Region: | North Sea |
| Block: | 5504/16 |
| Offonshore: | Offshore |
| Operator: | Maersk, TotalEnergies |
| Owner: | BlueNord Nordsøfonden TotalEnergies |
| Discovery: | 1977 |
| Start Production: | November 1982 |
| Peak Year: | 1991 |
| Peak Production: | 47.08 thousand barrels per day |
| Expectedabandonment: | 2038 |
| Oil Production Bbl/D: | 7152 |
| Production Gas Mmscm/D: | 4.45 |
| Currentproductionoilyear: | 2022 |
| Api: | 30 |
| Formations: | Danian and Upper Cretaceous chalk |
The Skjold oil field (Danish: Skjoldfeltet) is a crude oil and associated gas production field in the Danish sector of the central North Sea, close to the Danish-German median line. Production of oil started in 1982, peak oil was achieved in 1991 and production is expected to continue until 2038.
The Skjold oil field is located in Block 5504/16 of the Danish North Sea. The name Skjold translates as 'shield' in English.[1] The field was discovered in March 1977 and is a Danian and Upper Cretaceous chalk anticline with salt tectonics.[2] The reservoir has the following characteristics:
| Skjold reservoir properties | ||
|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Value | |
| Field delineation | 33 km2 | |
| Reservoir depth | 1,600 m | |
| API gravity | 30° | |
| Gas/oil ratio | 510 scf/bbl | |
| Sulfur | 0.30% | |
| Recoverable reserves | 30-45 million barrels | |
The field was originally licensed to a joint venture called Dansk Undergrunds Consortium (DUC) comprising Shell (40.0%), A.P. Moeller (30.0%), Chevron (15.0%), and Texaco (15.0%). The field was originally operated by Maersk Oil & Gas A/S.
By 2013 ownership of the Skjold field was by Norwegian Energy (37.0%), TotalEnergies (43.0%) and Nordsøfonden (20.0%). The field was operated in 2013 by Maersk Olle og Gas A/S.[3]
As of 2023, it is owned by BlueNord (36.8 %), Nordsøfonden (20.0 %) and TotalEnergies (43.2%).[4] The field is operated by TotalEnergies.
The field was originally developed by a single unattended wellhead platform. No processing was undertaken on the Skjold, and well fluids were routed via an 11km, 6-inch pipeline to the Gorm complex for processing. The Skjold platform was remotely operated from the Gorm installation.
In 1988 a system for the treatment and injection of water into the reservoir was installed on a jack-up rig adjacent to Skjold. This was later replaced by permanent water injection facilities on Gorm with injection water piped to Skjold.[5]
Further infrastructure was subsequently added to the field.[6] This comprised two installations, designated Skjold B and Skjold C, bridge linked to the original installation now designated Skjold A. Skjold B is a wellhead platform allowing further wells to be drilled to reach outlying areas of the reservoir. Skjold C is an accommodation platform. Outline details of the Skjold field platforms are summarised in the table.
| Skjold field infrastructure | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Platform | Skjold A | Skjold B[7] [8] | Skjold C | |
| Coordinates | 55°31’53”N 04°54’34”E | 55°31'52"N 4°54'32"E | 55°31'52"N 4°51'24"E | |
| Water depth, metres | 40 | 40 | 40 | |
| Fabrication | Jacket: Monberg & Thersen, Aalborg Topsides: Volund Energiteknik, Essbjerg | |||
| Jacket / substructure weight, tonnes | 1308 | 545 | 830 | |
| Topside weight, tonnes | 900 | 1100 | 1200 | |
| Function | Wellhead | Wellhead, bridge link to A platform | Accommodation, bridge link to A platform | |
| Accommodation | 8 (emergency) | Nil | 16 | |
| Type | Steel jacket | STAR (see note) | STAR | |
| Legs | 4 | 3 | 3 | |
| Piles | 4 | 3 | 3 | |
| Well slots | 9 | 7 | Nil | |
| Helideck | S61 helicopter | — | Yes | |
| Installed | May 1982 | 1994 | 1994 | |
| Production start | November 1982 | 1994 | — | |
| Oil and gas production to | Gorm D | A platform | — | |
In 1994 a second 11 km pipeline from Skjold to Gorm was laid, this was associated with the increased production from the Skjold field.
As of 2023, there are 16 oil-producing wells and seven water injection wells.
Peak oil production was in 1991 at 47.08 thousand barrels of oil per day.[10]
To maintain production the reservoir pressure is kept high by water injection. Injection water is obtained from the Gorm complex. By 2014 there were 19 production wells and nine water injection wells.
Total fluid production to January 2014 was 45.38 million cubic metres of oil, 3.75 billion normal cubic metres of gas, and 70.65 million cubic metres of water. Water injection was 126.04 million cubic metres of water. The estimated reserves were 6.4 million cubic metres of oil, sufficient to sustain economic production until 2038.
The Danish Energy Agency publishes tables and bar charts of oil, gas and water production from the field, from commissioning in 1982 to the present day.[11]