Sir Robert Throckmorton, 1st Baronet (1599–1650) was created a baronet, of Coughton, co. Warwick, on 1 September 1642.
He was the eldest son of John Throckmorton Esq. (1580-1614/15) by Agnes Wilford. John's grandfather was Sir Robert Throckmorton, KG (1513-1581), of Coughton Court, Warwickshire, and of Weston Underwood, Buckinghamshire, who unlike his brothers during the Reformation, one of whom, Job Throckmorton, became a puritan, adhered to the Roman Catholic faith, which religion was persisted in by his descendants until the 20th century.
He married twice:
By his second wife Mary Smyth he had the following issue:
He died on 16 January 1650 and was buried at Coughton Court.