| Honorific-Prefix: | The Much Honoured |
| Lord Succoth | |
| Office: | Lord President of the Court of Session Lord Justice General |
| Term Start: | 26 October 1789 |
| Term End: | 31 August 1808 |
| Appointer: | George III |
| Predecessor: | Lord Glenlee |
| Successor: | Robert Blair |
| Office2: | Member of Parliament for Glasgow Burghs |
| Term Start2: | 1784 |
| Term End2: | 1790 |
| Predecessor2: | John Craufurd |
| Successor2: | John Craufurd |
| Office3: | Lord Advocate |
| Term Start3: | 1784 |
| Term End3: | 1790 |
| Predecessor3: | The Hon Henry Erskine |
| Successor3: | Robert Dundas |
| Office4: | Solicitor General for Scotland |
| Term Start4: | 1783 |
| Term End4: | 1784 |
| Predecessor4: | Alexander Murray |
| Successor4: | Robert Blair |
| Birth Date: | 1734 |
| Death Date: | 1823 (aged 89) |
| Party: | Pittite |
| Profession: | Advocate, Judge, Politician |
Sir Ilay Campbell, 1st Baronet, Lord Succoth, (1734–1823) was a Scottish advocate, judge and politician.He rose to be Lord President of the Court of Session.
Campbell's birthplace is given as either Argyll or Edinburgh. His mother was Helen Wallace, and his father, Archibald Campbell of Succoth, Principal Clerk of Session to the Scottish Courts.[1]
He attended Mundell's School in Edinburgh[2] and then the University of Glasgow to study law, graduating in 1751.
An advocate from 1757, he was engaged in the Douglas peerage case from 1764 to 1769. in September 1759 Campbell was admitted as an elder of Old Kilpatrick parish[3] .He was appointed Solicitor General for Scotland in 1783 and Lord Advocate in 1784. He became Member of Parliament for Glasgow Burghs in the same year. He was Lord President of the Court of Session and Lord Justice General from 1789 to 1808, where he sat as Lord Succoth.
On his resignation in 1808, he was created a baronet, and resided at Garscube House,[4] about four miles from Glasgow on the banks of the river Kelvin. There he engaged in the management of his estate, and the performance of his duties as a country gentleman. Lord Cockburn says of him that "he lived like a patriarch in a house overflowing with company, beloved by troops of relations, and courted for his character and hospitality by many friends."
Campbell was awarded an honorary doctorate (LLD) from the University of Glasgow in 1784, and elected Lord Rector of the university in 1799. He died at Garscube in 1823 aged 89.
Campbell was succeeded by his son Archibald, also a Senator of the College of Justice under the same title of Lord Succoth.
It is worth observing that the title "Lord Succoth" derived from the 1st and 2nd baronets' status as law lords rather than as Lords of Parliament. As such, the title "Lord Succoth" was not hereditable. The honorific "The Much Honoured" references a feudal barony ("of Succoth"). Sir Ilay's descendants remained baronets until the extinction of the baronetcy in 2017.[5]
Campbell married Susan Mary Murray of Murrayfield, sister of Alexander Murray, Lord Henderland[6] in 1766. She lived until 1815.
Their daughter, Margaret Campbell, married Sir John Connell, Judge of the Admiralty Court, and their son, Arthur Connell FRSE (Campbell's grandson) was a chemist who discovered connellite.
Their daughter Elizabeth Campbell (d.1853) married William Dalziell Colquhoun. Their daughter Mary Frances Campbell died in 1870 without marrying. These two sisters are buried in Dean Cemetery.
Their daughter Susan married Crauford Tait WS of Harvieston and they were parents to Archibald Campbell Tait who became Archbishop of Canterbury.[7]