| Honorific Prefix: | Sir |
| Hilary Blood | |
| Term Start: | 26 September 1949 |
| Term End: | 11 January 1954 |
| Predecessor: | James Harford (Acting) |
| Successor: | Robert Newton (Acting) |
| Term Start1: | 5 February 1947 |
| Term End1: | 1949 |
| Monarch1: | George VI |
| Term Start2: | 23 March 1942 |
| Term End2: | 29 March 1947 |
| Monarch2: | George VI |
| Birth Date: | 28 May 1893 |
| Spouse: | Alison Farie Anderson |
| Alma Mater: | University of Glasgow |
Sir Hilary Rudolph Robert Blood (28 May 1893 – 20 June 1967) was a British colonial administrator and governor. He served as the Governor of the Gambia from 1942 to 1947, the Governor of Barbados from 1947 to 1949, and the Governor of Mauritius from 1949 to 1954.
Blood was born in 1893, the son of Alban Francis Blood and his wife Adelaide Therese Feldtmann, in Kilmarnock. His father was the rector of Holy Trinity Church in Kilmarnock. Blood grew up at the parsonage and attended Irvine Royal Academy. Blood sat the bursary competition of the University of Glasgow and finished in the top 50. He matriculated with an arts degree in 1911, taking distinction in Latin, Hellenistic Greek, and Moral Philosophy. He failed Geography, and re-sat it to graduate with an MA in 1914.[1]
Blood served with the 4th Royal Scots Fusiliers during World War I, where he also saw action in the military campaign on the Gallipoli peninsula. He achieved the rank of Captain. He was wounded in Gallipoli and afterwards walked with a limp.
Blood initially wanted to study for the Episcopalian ministry but changed his mind and in 1920 he entered the Ceylon Civil Service. He served in Ceylon between 1920 and 1930 before being appointed as Colonial Secretary of Grenada in 1930, and then Colonial Secretary of Sierra Leone in 1934. In 1942, Blood became Governor of the Gambia, the first of three governorships. His administration was responsible for drawing up plans of how the Colonial Development and Welfare Act funds were to be spent. During his time, the modernization of the Bathurst water system, the establishment of a sewage system, paved streets, and improvements to the port all took place. Blood also established the Bathurst Town Council in 1946, introducing a new constitution for direct elections later that year.[2]
He then served as Governor of Barbados from 1947 to 1949, and Governor of Mauritius from 1949 to 1954. His experience equipped him with an understanding of the problems British territories faced when seeking self-government. His expertise was called on as a constitutional commissioner to help frame governments in British Honduras, Zanzibar, and Malta. He also wrote a number of articles and reviews in the academic journal African Affairs. In 1944, he was knighted, and in the same year he received an honorary doctor of laws from Glasgow University.
Blood remained active on retirement, and served as chairman of the Royal Society of Arts from 1963 to 1965.
In 1919, he married Alison Farie Anderson, the daughter of William Boyd Anderson, a solicitor, and Jacobina Croll. They had a son and two daughters.