| Sir Frederick W. A. G. Haultain | |
| Order: | 1st |
| Office: | Premier of the Northwest Territories |
| Term Start: | October 7, 1897 |
| Term End: | September 1, 1905 |
| Predecessor: | office created |
| Successor: | George Braden |
| Lieutenant Governor: | Charles H. Mackintosh Malcolm Colin Cameron Amédée E. Forget |
| Office1: | Chairman of the Executive Committee |
| Term Start1: | November 7, 1891 |
| Term End1: | August 1, 1892 |
| Successor1: | Hugh Cayley |
| Monarch1: | Victoria |
| Lieutenant Governor1: | Joseph Royal Charles H. Mackintosh |
| Term Start2: | December 1, 1892 |
| Term End2: | October 7, 1897 |
| Successor2: | himself as Premier of the Northwest Territories |
| Monarch2: | Victoria |
| Lieutenant Governor2: | Charles H. Mackintosh |
| Office3: | MLA for Macleod |
| Term Start3: | September 5, 1887 |
| Term End3: | September 1, 1905 |
| Predecessor3: | Richard Henry Boyle |
| Successor3: | District abolished |
| Office4: | Member of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan for Lumsden |
| Term Start4: | December 13, 1905 |
| Term End4: | July 11, 1912 |
| Predecessor4: | none |
| Successor4: | Joseph Glenn |
| Office5: | Chief Justice of the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal |
| Term Start5: | 1912 |
| Term End5: | 1938 |
| Predecessor5: | E. L. Wetmore |
| Successor5: | William F. A. Turgeon |
| Office6: | 1st Leader of the Opposition of Saskatchewan |
| Term Start6: | March 29, 1906 |
| Term End6: | June 15, 1912 |
| Predecessor6: | none |
| Successor6: | Wellington Willoughby |
| Birth Date: | November 25, 1857 |
| Birth Place: | Woolwich, England |
| Death Place: | Montreal, Quebec[1] |
| Restingplace: | Memorial Gates (University of Saskatchewan) |
| Restingplacecoordinates: | 52.1294°N -106.6429°W |
| Party: | Liberal-Conservative |
| Spouse: | Marion St Clair Castellain née Mackintosh |
| Education: | University of Toronto Osgoode Hall |
| Signature: | Frederick Haultain Signature.svg |
Sir Frederick William Alpin Gordon Haultain (November 25, 1857 - January 30, 1942) was a lawyer and a long-serving Canadian politician and judge. His career in provincial and territorial legislatures stretched into four decades. He served as the first premier of the Northwest Territories from 1897 to 1905 as is recognized as having a significant contribution towards the creation of the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. From 1905 on he served as Leader of the Official Opposition in Saskatchewan as well as Leader of the Provincial Rights Party. His legislative career ended when he was appointed to the judiciary in 1912.
He was born in Woolwich, England in 1857, the son of Frederick W. Haultain (1821 - 1882) and Lucinde Helen Gordon (1828 - 1915),[2] and came to Peterborough, Canada West, with his family in 1860. He grew up in Peterborough and Montreal, where he was educated at the High School of Montreal, later receiving a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Toronto. He later studied law at Osgoode Hall and was called to the bar in Ontario in 1882 and in the North-West Territories in 1884.[3]
thumb|left|Haultain in 1884
In 1884, Haultain opened a law practice in Fort Macleod. He also served as Crown Prosecutor there for several years, and also was an editor for newspapers in Fort Macleod and Lethbridge. Haultain was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories in a by-election held on September 5, 1887. He defeated Charles Conybeare by a large margin. Representing the electoral district of Macleod in the North-West Territories Council from 1887 to 1888. Haultain would win his next five elections by acclamation.[4]
The editor of the Calgary Herald once wrote of him saying that "He is a man of academic training and large, clear perception; straightforward and manly even towards his enemies. In some respects, he is the most finished debater ever heard on a Western platform, arraying his Facts in crisp, clear-cut sentences, and then pressing home his argument with logic and Force?"[5]
Hault was appointed premier of the Northwest Territories on October 7, 1897. Haultain also served as Attorney General and Commissioner of Education.[6] As premier, Haultain led negotiations for the granting of provincial status. He argued for Alberta and Saskatchewan to be admitted as a single province named Buffalo, and wanted the new province to be governed by non-partisan governments. The federal Liberal government of Sir Wilfrid Laurier, however, decided that such a province would challenge the power of Ontario, and Quebec. Instead wanting to carve up the province to create, Alberta and Saskatchewan, in 1905.
Frustrated in negotiations with the federal Liberal government, Haultain became increasingly identified with the Conservative Party and campaigned for it in the 1904 federal election. Laurier's Liberals were re-elected.
Haultain led the Provincial Rights Party in the 1905 Saskatchewan provincial election, which was won by the Liberal Party of Saskatchewan. From 1905 to 1912, Haultain sat in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as leader of the Opposition.
In 1912, the newly elected Conservative federal government of Sir Robert Borden made Haultain Chief Justice of Saskatchewan's superior court. Haultain was knighted in 1916. The next year, he became Chief Justice of the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal, a position that he held until his retirement in 1938.
Haultain died on January 30, 1942, at Montreal.[7]