David Cox (statistician) explained

Honorific Prefix:Sir
David Cox
Birth Date:15 July 1924
Birth Place:Birmingham, England
Children:4
Fields:Statistics
Thesis Title:Theory of Fibre Motion
Thesis Year:1949
Notable Students:Nancy Reid (postdoc)

Sir David Roxbee Cox (15 July 1924 – 18 January 2022) was a British statistician and educator. His wide-ranging contributions to the field of statistics included introducing logistic regression, the proportional hazards model and the Cox process, a point process named after him.

He was a professor of statistics at Birkbeck College, London, Imperial College London and the University of Oxford, and served as Warden of Nuffield College, Oxford. The first recipient of the International Prize in Statistics, he also received the Guy, George Box and Copley medals, as well as a knighthood.

Early life

Cox was born in Birmingham on 15 July 1924.[1] [2] His father was a die sinker and part-owner of a jewellery shop, and they lived near the Jewellery Quarter.[3] The aeronautical engineer Harold Roxbee Cox was a distant cousin.[4] He attended Handsworth Grammar School, Birmingham.[3] [5] He received a Master of Arts in mathematics at St John's College, Cambridge,[1] [3] [6] and obtained his PhD from the University of Leeds in 1949, advised by Henry Daniels and Bernard Welch. His dissertation was entitled Theory of Fibre Motion.

Career

Cox was employed from 1944 to 1946 at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, from 1946 to 1950 at the Wool Industries Research Association in Leeds,[7] and from 1950 to 1955 worked at the Statistical Laboratory at the University of Cambridge. From 1956 to 1966 he was Reader and then Professor of Statistics at Birkbeck College, London. In 1966, he took up the Chair position in Statistics at Imperial College London where he later became head of the mathematics department. In 1988 he became Warden of Nuffield College and a member of the Department of Statistics at Oxford University. He formally retired from these positions in 1994, but continued to work at Oxford.[7] [8]

Cox supervised, collaborated with, and encouraged many notable researchers prominent in statistics. He collaborated with George Box on a study of transformations such as the Box–Cox transformation and they were especially delighted to be credited as Box and Cox.[9] He was the doctoral advisor of David Hinkley, Peter McCullagh, Basilio de Bragança Pereira, Wally Smith, Gauss Moutinho Cordeiro, Valerie Isham, Henry Wynn, Claudio Di Veroli and Jane Hutton. He served as president of the Bernoulli Society from 1979 to 1981,[10] of the Royal Statistical Society from 1980 to 1982,[11] and of the International Statistical Institute from 1995 to 1997.[12] He was an Honorary Fellow of Nuffield College and St John's College, Cambridge, and was a member of the Department of Statistics at the University of Oxford.[1]

Personal life

In 1947, Cox married Joyce Drummond, and they had four children.[13] He died on 18 January 2022, at the age of 97.[14] [15]

Research

Cox made pioneering and important contributions to numerous areas of statistics and applied probability, of which the best known are:

Awards

Cox received numerous awards and honours for his work. He was awarded the Guy Medals in Silver (1961) and Gold (1973) of the Royal Statistical Society.[1] [22] He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1973. The next year, he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.[23] He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1985.[6] He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1990.[24] Cox became an Honorary Fellow of the British Academy in 1997 and was a Fellow of the American Statistical Association.[25] He was a Foreign Associate of the US National Academy of Sciences and a foreign member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters.[6] [22] In 1990, he won the Kettering Prize and Gold Medal for Cancer Research for "the development of the Proportional Hazard Regression Model." In 2010 he was awarded the Copley Medal of the Royal Society "for his seminal contributions to the theory and applications of statistics",[26] the same year in which he was elected a foreign fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.[27] He was also the first ever recipient of the International Prize in Statistics. He received the award in 2016.[28] In 2013 Cox was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.[29] In 2016, he won the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the Basic Sciences category jointly with Bradley Efron, for the development of "pioneering and hugely influential" statistical methods that have proved indispensable for obtaining reliable results in a vast spectrum of disciplines from medicine to astrophysics, genomics or particle physics.[8]

Publications

Cox wrote or co-authored over 300 papers and books.[30] From 1966 to 1991 he was the editor of Biometrika.[26] His books are as follows:

He was named editor of the following books:

The following book was published in his honour:

See also

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 'Genius' statistician and Honorary Fellow dies aged 97 StJohns. 21 January 2022. www.joh.cam.ac.uk.
  2. News: Today's Birthdays . . 28 . 15 July 2010 . . 21 January 2022.
  3. Web site: David Cox . ukdataservice.ac.uk . https://web.archive.org/web/20161012085302/https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/teaching-resources/pioneers/pioneer-detail?id=pioneer_people_cox . 12 October 2016 . dead.
  4. Cox . Harold Roxbee . Myself, when young . Aeronautical Journal . April 1999 . 103 . 1022 . 178–180 . 10.1017/S0001924000096433. 113908453 .
  5. Web site: Famous Alumni . 21 January 2022 . Handsworth Grammar School.
  6. Web site: Sir David Cox . . 8 August 2016 . 21 January 2022.
  7. Encyclopedia: Sir David Cox, British statistician. 11 October 2016. 13 February 2015. Erik . Gregersen. Encyclopædia Britannica.
  8. The BBVA Foundation distinguishes David Cox and Bradley Efron for revolutionizing statistics and making it an indispensable tool for other sciences . . 24 January 2017 . 20 January 2022.
  9. Box . George E. P. . George E. P. Box . Cox . D. R. . David Cox (statistician) . An analysis of transformations . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B . 26 . 2 . 211–252 . 1964 . 192611 . 2984418 .
  10. Web site: History . www.bernoulli-society.org . 20 January 2022 . 28 September 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210928075711/http://bernoulli-society.org/history . dead .
  11. Web site: Sir David Cox, 1924-2022 . RSS . 20 January 2022.
  12. Web site: History of the International Statistical Institute ISI . www.isi-web.org . 20 January 2022 . 16 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221216054617/https://www.isi-web.org/about/history . dead .
  13. Nancy Reid . A Conversation with Sir David Cox . . 9 . 3 . August 1994 . 439–455 . 10.1214/ss/1177010394. 2246357. Nancy Reid . free .
  14. Web site: Sir David Cox, 1924-2022 . Nuffield College Oxford University . 20 January 2022 . en.
  15. Web site: 'Genius' statistician and Honorary Fellow dies aged 97 | StJohns .
  16. Cox. DR. The regression analysis of binary sequences (with discussion). J R Stat Soc B. 1958. 20. 2. 215–242. 2983890.
  17. Book: Cramer, J. S. . The origins and development of the logit model . https://www.cambridge.org/ua/files/2013/6690/1022/1208_default.pdf . August 2003 . 10.1017/cbo9780511615412.010 . 149–157 . Cambridge University Press . Logit Models from Economics and Other Fields.
  18. Kalbfleisch . John D. . Schaubel . Douglas E. . Fifty Years of the Cox Model . Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application . 10 March 2023 . 10 . 1 . 1–23 . 10.1146/annurev-statistics-033021-014043 . 2023AnRSA..10....1K . 253787572 . en . 2326-8298. free .
  19. Cox . David R . David Cox (statistician) . 1972 . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B . 34 . 2 . Regression Models and Life-Tables . 187–220 . 2985181 . 0341758.
  20. Spruance . Spotswood L. . Reid . Julia E. . Grace . Michael . Samore . Matthew . Hazard Ratio in Clinical Trials . 2004 . Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy . 48 . 8 . 2787–2792 . 10.1128/AAC.48.8.2787-2792.2004 . 15273082 . 478551 .
  21. Book: Singpurwalla, Nozer D.. [{{Google books|szLqBTXsyJQC|page=134|plainurl=yes}} Reliability and Risk: A Bayesian Perspective]. 134. 14 August 2006. John Wiley & Sons. 978-0-470-06033-9. en.
  22. Penn State Holds 2015 Rao Prize Conference to Honor Winners . 1 August 2015 . AMSTATNEWS . . 21 January 2022.
  23. Web site: David Roxbee Cox . 2022-04-14 . American Academy of Arts & Sciences . en.
  24. Web site: APS Member History . 2022-04-14 . search.amphilsoc.org.
  25. Web site: Sir David Cox Hon FBA . . 21 January 2022.
  26. Web site: David Cox. The Royal Society. 11 October 2016.
  27. Web site: NEW FELLOWS 2010 . Royal Society of Canada. 29 September 2022.
  28. Talley . Jill . 19 October 2016 . International Prize in Statistics Awarded to Sir David Cox for Survival Analysis Model Applied in Medicine, Science, and Engineering . . 20 October 2016.
  29. News: Sir David Cox FRS, HonFBA, HonFRSE - The Royal Society of Edinburgh. The Royal Society of Edinburgh. 1 February 2018. en-GB. 2 February 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180202073052/https://www.rse.org.uk/fellow/david-cox/. dead.
  30. Web site: Publications of Sir David Cox . 21 January 2022 . Nuffield College.

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