Sinhalisation Explained

Sinhalisation is a term derived from Sinhala that has a number of meanings in Sri Lanka. It mainly refers to the assimilation into Sinhalese culture in which the members of another ethno-cultural group are steadily integrated or absorbed into established Sinhalese culture.

Sociological assimilation

In a sociological context it could refer to the assimilation of ethno-cultural minorities in Sri Lanka such as the Sri Lankan Tamils, Chetties, and indigenous Veddas into the majority Sinhalese identity,^[1] including some Sinhala Buddhists of the interior such as the Demalagattara and some Catholics such as the Bharatha of the coastal areas of the island nation.^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]}

Many noted elite families that had contributed to Sinhala nationalism had been of Tamil origin, themselves Sinhalised in the recent past.^{[9] [10] [11]}

Politics and government

In a political context it could refer to the Sinhala language-favouring policies of the post colonial governments of Sri Lanka that are considered to be major causes^[12] of the Sri Lankan Civil War. It is termed as culturo-ideological exclusivism by some when one's cultural values and norms are absolutised in such a manner that a particular way of life is enshrined as superior to all others and must therefore be adopted by others (e.g. the Tamil reaction to the perceived "Sinhalisation" processes of the Sri Lankan state)^[13]

It was said to be a cause of the abortive coup by disgruntled Catholic army officers in 1962.^[14]

Currently, some observers note that Sri Lankan political parties such as JHU and JVP adhere to a policy of political Sinhalisation.^[15]

Government-sponsored settlement

Media uses the word "Sinhalisation" to refer to the process by which the Sri Lankan government funded and sponsored the settlement of Sinhala people in areas traditionally inhabited by Tamils in the north and east of Sri Lanka^[16] in order to make the Tamils the minority in the region. Some reports claims that the Sinhalese and Sinhala military families are settled in houses built by money from the Indian government that were intended to improve the welfare of the Tamil people.^{[17] [18] [19] [20]}

Notes

The ancestor of the Bandaranayke family was a 17th-century Tamil immigrant Pandaram; a non-Brahmin priest known as Neelaperumal Kalukapuge. The term 'Kalu' in Tamil is different in meaning to the Sinhalese meaning.^[9]

A similar process was witnessed in the Kandyan kingdom, where (for example) the ancestor of Pilimatalavuva Maha Adikaram and related families trace or claim ancestry from a Pandyan emperor of the late 17th century,^[21] though the Pandyan kingdom had ceased to exist by the 15th century and the region was ruled by the Madurai Sultanate, the Vijayanagara Empire, and the Nayak dynasties.

See also

• Sri Lankan Mudaliyars
• Bharatakula
• Demalagattara
• Negombo Tamils
• Kandyan Convention

External links

• Sinhalization of the Vanni Mainland
• Colombo Telegraph
• Sinhalisation of a coastal village in Puttalam district
• Sinhalisation of the Vedda community
• Kandya Convention signatories

Notes and References

1. Susantha Goonetilleke, Sinhalisation: Migration or Cultural Colonization? Lanka Guardian Vol. 3, No. I, May I, 1980, pp. 22-29, and May 15 1980, pp. 18-19.
2. Power and Religiosity in a Post-Colonial Setting: Sinhala Catholics in Contemporary Sri Lanka by R. L. Stirrat American Ethnologist, Vol. 22, No. 2 (May, 1995), pp. 428-429
3. https://books.google.com/books?id=3MO_86VwNSkC&q=rice-farming%2F&pg=PA1 Buddhism Betrayed?: Religion, Politics, and Violence in Sri Lanka By Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah, p. 152-3
4. http://lakdiva.org/codrington/chap01.html A SHORT HISTORY OF LANKA by Humphry William Codrington, CHAPTER I; THE BEGINNINGS 'The princess and her retinue/dowry (service castes)'
5. https://books.google.com/books?id=9PiwJF7V4EQC&q=Prince+Vijaya&pg=PA19 'Pandyan retinue of Prince Vijaya': Sea: Our Saviour By K. Sridharan, p.19
6. http://www.island.lk/2008/07/20/features14.html Pre-Vijayan Agriculture in Sri Lanka, by Prof. T. W. Wikramanayake
7. 8543296 . 67 . 6 . Genetic affinities of Sri Lankan populations . December 1995 . Hum. Biol. . 843–66 . Kshatriya . GK.
8. http://www.nature.com/jhg/journal/v59/n1/full/jhg2013112a.html Mitochondrial DNA history of Sri Lankan ethnic people: their relations within the island and with the Indian subcontinental populations, L Ranaweera, et al; Journal of Human Genetics (2014)
9. https://www.sangam.org/ANALYSIS/Sachi07_18_02.htm Nilaperumal Kalukapuge aka Badaranayaka
10. http://sundaytimes.lk/010708/plus6.html J.R. Jayawardena family History of the Colombo Chetties, edited and compiled by Deshabandu Reggie Candappa, Reviewed by Anne Abayasekara (Sunday Times, 08.07.2001)
11. http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lkawgw/gen3146.html Pilimatalavuva - Family
12. Web site: How it Came to This – Learning from Sri Lanka's Civil Wars By Professor John Richardson. 2006-03-30 . paradisepoisoned.com.
13. Web site: Ethnic Identity, National Identity and the Search for Unity. 2006-03-30 . World Council of Churches.
14. Web site: Significance of the abortive 1962 military coup. 2006-03-30 . Hindustan Times.
15. Web site: The Human Rights and Humanitarian Fallout from the Sri Lankan Government's Eastern Agenda and the LTTE's Obduracy. 2006-03-30 . UTHR.
16. Book: Redefining Genocide: Settler Colonialism, Social Death and Ecocide . Zed Books . 2016 . 978-1-84277-930-9 . Short . Damien . London, UK . 93-126.
17. Web site: TamilNet: 23.04.13 Indian news magazine highlights accelerated Sinhalization of Tamil north. 2013-04-23 . UTHR.
18. Web site: Exclusive: Erasing the cultural leftover of Tamils to convert Sri Lanka into Sinhala country. 2013-04-23 . UTHR.
19. Web site: New military colonies in Murukandi; Sinhalization in Puthumathalan. 2013-04-23 . UTHR.
20. Web site: Salt on Old Wounds: The systematic Sinhalization of Sri Lanka's North, East, the historic habitat of the Tamil speaking people . 2013-04-23 . UTHR.
21. http://www.worldgenweb.org/lkawgw/gen3146.html Pilimatalavuva Family