Silver nitrite explained

Silver nitrite is an inorganic compound with the formula AgNO₂.^[1]

Applications

Silver nitrite has many applications. Notable examples include:

• The production of aniline compounds.
• General oxidizing agent.
• Victor Meyer type nucleophilic substitution reactions with organobromides or organoiodides forming nitro compounds.^[2]
• Nitroalkene synthesis with nitryl iodide generated in-situ from silver nitrite and elemental iodine.^[3]
• 1,2,3-Benzothiadiazoles synthesis via skeletal editing (S,N-heteroarene ring transformation) of variously functionalized 2-halobenzothiazoles and benzothiazolinones^[4]

Production

Silver nitrite is produced from the reaction between silver nitrate and an alkali nitrite, such as sodium nitrite. Silver nitrite is much less soluble in water than silver nitrate, and a solution of silver nitrate will readily precipitate silver nitrite upon addition of sodium nitrite:

AgNO_{3 (aq)} + NaNO_{2 (s)} → NaNO_{3 (aq)} + AgNO_{2 (precipitate)}

Alternatively, it can be produced by the reaction between silver sulfate and barium nitrite.

Notes and References

1. http://www.americanelements.com/silver-nitrite.html American elements
2. Kornblum, N. . Ungnade, H. E. . 1-Nitroöctane (Octane, 1-nitro-). Organic Syntheses. 1958. 38. 75. 6 January 2014.
3. Waldman, Steve . Monte, Aaron, Monte . Bracey, Ann . Nichols, David . amp . One-pot Claisen rearrangement/O-methylation/alkene isomerization in the synthesis of ortho-methoxylated phenylisopropylamines. Tetrahedron Letters. 1996. 37. 44. 7889–7892. 10.1016/0040-4039(96)01807-2.
4. Nociarova, Jela . Purkait, Anisha . Gyepes, Robert . Hrobarik, Peter . Silver-Catalyzed Skeletal Editing of Benzothiazol-2(3H)-ones and 2-Halogen-Substituted Benzothiazoles as a Rapid Single-Step Approach to Benzo[1,2,3]Thiadiazoles]. Organic Letters. 2024. 26. 619–624.